Fluoride Flashcards

1
Q

what is fluorapatie composed of

A

fluoride, phosphorus and hydrogen

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2
Q

how is fluoride absorbed in the body when ingested

A

through the stomach and small intestines

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3
Q

pre eruptive stage (mineralization) is during

A

tooth formation

fluoride is deposited during enamel formation

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4
Q

during what eruptive stage is the most fluoride acquired

A

pre eruptive (maturation) stage

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5
Q

maturation pre eruptive stage is when fluoride is

A

deposited after mineralization is complete. prior to eruption

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6
Q

post eruptive stage of fluoride absorption occurs when?

A

after eruption and continues through life

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7
Q

how does fluoride protect the teeth

A

is alters the structure of developing enamel - creating acid resistance

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8
Q

dissolving of enamel is AKA

A

Demineralization

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9
Q

what happens when pH drops below 5.5 within oral cavity?

A

the biofilm is less saturated by minerals and enamel begins to dissolve to neutralize it

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10
Q

3 actions of fluoride

A
  • inhibits demineralization
  • enhances remineralization
  • inhibits bacteria from converting carbs into acids (effects the amylase enzyme)
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11
Q

what type of enamel best absorbs fluoride

A

hypomineralized enamel

it’s already lacking nutrients

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12
Q

what is the pH of plaque

A

5

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13
Q

what are the two types of sources of fluoride

A

topical (toothpaste etc)

systemic (food/water)

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14
Q

what % of fluoride is stored in bones

A

95%

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15
Q

__ppm of fluoride is in water in canada

A

1 ppm

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16
Q

daily intake of fluoride shouldn’t exceed 0.05-0.07 mgF per ____

A

kg of body weight

17
Q

what kind of water filters remove fluoride from water

A

carbon based filters

18
Q

what is the least expensive way of preventing carie’s

A

water fluoridation

19
Q

fluoride supplements

A
  • sold OTC
  • for kids in non fluoridated areas
  • not for kids under 3
20
Q

NAF is ___ with a pH of ___

A

sodium fluoride - pH 7 (neutral)

21
Q

what type of fluoride is used on patients with restorations

A

NAF

22
Q

APF has a ph of ___

A

3-3.5

acidulated phosphate fluoride

23
Q

why is APF favoured and avoided?

A

favoured due to acidity enhancing the rate of action

avoided for patients without a virgin dentition - not compatible with restorations

24
Q

APF is composed of what two things

A

1.23 % fluoride

Ortho Phosphoric Acid

25
Q

Which type of fluoride can cause staining

A

Stannous fluoride

26
Q

why does stannous fluoride cause staining

A

due to the tin ingredient (stannous)

27
Q

what is stannous fluoride most effective in treating

A

root surface desensitizing

28
Q

how is fluoride stored

A

in air tight plastic containers

29
Q

how much fluoride ingestion causes fluoride toxicity

A

2.5-10 mg based on body weight

30
Q

how do you treat fluoride toxicity

A

by inducing vomiting or feeding milk/raw eggs

31
Q

indications for fluoride use

A
xerostomia
newly erupted teeth
high risk of carie’s
no water fluoridation
hypersensitive teeth
32
Q

what are some considerations to keep in mind regarding fluoride

A
  • it isn’t permanent
  • varnish has the highest retention of (6 weeks)
  • rapid loss occurs 24hrs after application
  • teeth need to be clean
  • frequency of need is dependant on patient