Fluoride

Question 1

what is fluorapatie composed of

Answer 1

fluoride, phosphorus and hydrogen

Question 2

how is fluoride absorbed in the body when ingested

Answer 2

through the stomach and small intestines

Question 3

pre eruptive stage (mineralization) is during

Answer 3

tooth formation

fluoride is deposited during enamel formation

Question 4

during what eruptive stage is the most fluoride acquired

Answer 4

pre eruptive (maturation) stage

Question 5

maturation pre eruptive stage is when fluoride is

Answer 5

deposited after mineralization is complete. prior to eruption

Question 6

post eruptive stage of fluoride absorption occurs when?

Answer 6

after eruption and continues through life

Question 7

how does fluoride protect the teeth

Answer 7

is alters the structure of developing enamel - creating acid resistance

Question 8

dissolving of enamel is AKA

Answer 8

Demineralization

Question 9

what happens when pH drops below 5.5 within oral cavity?

Answer 9

the biofilm is less saturated by minerals and enamel begins to dissolve to neutralize it

Question 10

3 actions of fluoride

Answer 10

• inhibits demineralization
• enhances remineralization
• inhibits bacteria from converting carbs into acids (effects the amylase enzyme)

Question 11

what type of enamel best absorbs fluoride

Answer 11

hypomineralized enamel

it’s already lacking nutrients

Question 12

what is the pH of plaque

Answer 12

5

Question 13

what are the two types of sources of fluoride

Answer 13

topical (toothpaste etc)

systemic (food/water)

Question 14

what % of fluoride is stored in bones

Answer 14

95%

Question 15

__ppm of fluoride is in water in canada

Answer 15

1 ppm

Question 16

daily intake of fluoride shouldn’t exceed 0.05-0.07 mgF per ____

Answer 16

kg of body weight

Question 17

what kind of water filters remove fluoride from water

Answer 17

carbon based filters

Question 18

what is the least expensive way of preventing carie’s

Answer 18

water fluoridation

Question 19

fluoride supplements

Answer 19

• sold OTC
• for kids in non fluoridated areas
• not for kids under 3

Question 20

NAF is ___ with a pH of ___

Answer 20

sodium fluoride - pH 7 (neutral)

Question 21

what type of fluoride is used on patients with restorations

Answer 21

NAF

Question 22

APF has a ph of ___

Answer 22

3-3.5

acidulated phosphate fluoride

Question 23

why is APF favoured and avoided?

Answer 23

favoured due to acidity enhancing the rate of action

avoided for patients without a virgin dentition - not compatible with restorations

Question 24

APF is composed of what two things

Answer 24

1.23 % fluoride

Ortho Phosphoric Acid

Question 25

Which type of fluoride can cause staining

Answer 25

Stannous fluoride

Question 26

why does stannous fluoride cause staining

Answer 26

due to the tin ingredient (stannous)

Question 27

what is stannous fluoride most effective in treating

Answer 27

root surface desensitizing

Question 28

how is fluoride stored

Answer 28

in air tight plastic containers

Question 29

how much fluoride ingestion causes fluoride toxicity

Answer 29

2.5-10 mg based on body weight

Question 30

how do you treat fluoride toxicity

Answer 30

by inducing vomiting or feeding milk/raw eggs

Question 31

indications for fluoride use

Answer 31

``` xerostomia newly erupted teeth high risk of carie’s no water fluoridation hypersensitive teeth ```

Question 32

what are some considerations to keep in mind regarding fluoride

Answer 32

- it isn’t permanent - varnish has the highest retention of (6 weeks) - rapid loss occurs 24hrs after application - teeth need to be clean - frequency of need is dependant on patient