science: chpt. 6 test

Question 0

Substance releases H+ in water

Answer 0

Acid

Question 1

Large molecules that are formed by joining smaller molecules

Answer 1

Macromolecule

Question 2

Measures the concentration of H+ in a solution

Answer 2

pH

Question 3

Left —> Right

Answer 3

Reactants —> Products

Question 4

A ________ uses van der Waals forces to climb

Answer 4

Gecko

Question 5

Same element with a different number of neutrons

Answer 5

Isotopes

Question 6

Proton

Answer 6

p+

p=proton
+=because it’s positive

Question 7

Electron

Answer 7

e-

e=electron
-=because it’s negative

Question 8

Neutron

Answer 8

n insert degree sign

n=neutron
degree sign=because it has no charge

DO NOT WRITE: zero charge
It’s neutral charge or no charge

Question 9

A weak interaction of hydrogen, fluorine, oxygen, or nitrogen atom

Answer 9

Hydrogen bond

Question 10

Molecules with an unequal distribution of charge

Answer 10

Polar molecules

Question 11

Pure substances made of one kind of atom

Answer 11

Elements

Question 12

Formed by the sharing of electrons

Answer 12

Covalent bond

Question 13

How do enzymes influence a reaction?

Answer 13

Reduce activation energy

Question 14

A hydrogen bond forms between a hydrogen molecule and _________ of another molecule

Answer 14

Oxygen molecule

Question 15

When paper burns in a fire, what are some reactants?

Answer 15

Paper, oxygen

Question 16

Give examples of solutions.

Answer 16

Tea, kool-aid, saltwater

Question 17

Give examples of colloids.

Answer 17

Milk, paint, blood, sour cream

Question 18

What happens to pH and H+ concentration when an acid is in water?

Answer 18

pH goes down, H+ concentration goes up

Question 19

How many bonds can carbon form?

Answer 19

4

Question 20

If an atom has 18 protons, how many electrons does it have?

Answer 20

18

Question 21

How many atoms are in: CO2, C6H12O6

Answer 21

CO2-3

C6H12O6-24

Question 22

How many valence electrons are in: Group 17, Group 16, Group 1, Group 2

Answer 22

G 17 (seven)
G 16 (six)
G 1 (one)
G 2 (two)

*Only applies to Groups 1, 2, 13-18

Question 23

What elements are in carbohydrates?

Answer 23

Carbon, hydrogen, oxygen

Question 24

What macromolecule contains you genetic information?

Answer 24

DNA

Question 25

Essay: How do catalysts speed up the rate of reaction?

Answer 25

A catalyst is a substance that lowers the activation energy needed to start a chemical reaction. Catalysts do not increase how much product is made and doesn’t get used up in the reaction. Special proteins called enzymes are biological catalysts. Enzymes are essential to life. Most enzymes are specific to one reactions the reactants that bind to the enzyme are called substrates. The specific location where a substance binds on an enzyme is called the active site. The active site and substrates have complementary shapes that enables them to interact in a precise manner. Once the substrates bind to the active site, it changes shape and forms an enzyme-substrate complex. Factors such as pH, temperature, and other substances affect enzyme activity.