history: final Flashcards
An appointment official in the Ottoman Empire who collected taxes and was directly responsible for the sultans court
Pasha
A soldier in the elite guard of the ottoman Turks
Janissary
Residence of a sultan and his wife
Harem
“Holder of power”, the military and political head of state under the Seljuk Turks
Sultan
A group of religious advisers who educated Muslims
Ulema
Chief official of a sultan
Grand vizier
He executed his two most able sons on suspicion of treason
Süleyman
Persian King
Shah
Conformity to traditional religious beliefs
Religious orthodoxy
Political disorder
Anarchy
They used Shiite faith as a unifying force
Safavids
_____ believed that the shah was divine
Shiites
His paintings were characterized by simple subjects, soft colors, and flowing movements
Riza-I-Abbasi
Isfahan was _____’s capital which featured a central polo ground
Shah Abbas
A local official in Mogul India who received a plot of farmland for temporary use in return for collecting taxes
Zamindar
Hindu custom of cremating a widow on her husbands funeral pyre
Suttee
During his rule he had an empty treasury, military campaigns forced his to raise taxes and he was imprisoned by his son
Shah Jahan
Foreigners in India who were also Muslims
Moguls
British military success in India was achieved by the genius of
Sir Robert Clive
Founded the a mogul dynasty in India
Babur
An increase in population, growth in manufacturing and trade and improvements in the food supply all occurred in ____ between 1500 and 1800
China
The extended family was the ideal family unit in
Qing, China
The ________ was closed to commoners
Forbidden city
The prose literature of this era was lighthearted and entertaining
Tokugawa
Shoguns, Ronins, and Daimyo all comprised the ______ warrior class
Japanese
_______ was the first Jesuit missionary who came to Japan
Francis Xavier
A ______ could hold the title of adviser, government official, and castle guard
Samurai
This emperor was generally tolerant of Christian missionaries
Kangxi
The Portuguese were the first Europeans to make contact with this dynasty
Ming
Reports from early ____ missionaries made Europe more curious about China
Christian
Leader of exploration and trading voyages
Zheng He
Ruling dynasty from 1644 until 1911
Qing
Active Christian missionaries in China
Jesuits
Territories or domains
Hans
Japanese social outcasts
Eta
Head of noble families
Daimyo
Private business based on profit
Commercial capitalism
The hostage system was political control used by the _____
Shogunates
Banners were ______ fighting units
Manchu
Ming was a dynasty found by?
Ming Hong Wu
Wrote, “wealth of nations”
Adam Smith
Framed a new religious movement, Methodism
John Wesley
Wrote, “upon experimental philosophy”
Margaret Cavendish
Wrote, “discourse on Method”
Rene Descartes
Wrote “discourse on the origins of the inequality of mankind”
Jean Jacques Rousseau
Thought scientists should use inductive reasoning instead of relying on ancient authorities
Francis Bacon
Gravity is the law of what?
Universal Attraction
Kepler developed laws of _____
Planetary motion
Reason is the chief source of knowledge is the definition of what?
Rationalism
Maria Theresa was a traditional empress from where?
Austria
______ was invaded by Austria in the War of the Austrian Succession
Prussia
The diplomatic revolution was an alliance between France, Austria, and _____
Prussia
This involved proceeding from the particular to the general
Inductive reasoning
______ and Britain fought over colonial empires
France
They approved the Declaration of Independence
Second Continental congress
The sharing of power between national and state governments
Federal system
Served as head of the cabinet for the British and wanted a peaceful foreign policy
Robert Walpole
Scotland and _____ came together to create a the United Kingdom of Great Britain
England
Offspring of _____ and Europeans were Mulattoes
Africans
Offspring of _____ and Europeans were mestizos
Native Americans
The first estate consisted of the ____
Clergy
The second estate consisted of _____
Nobility
The third estate consisted of the ____
Social commoners
Meetings of the estates general opened here
Versailles
Home to the armory and prison that was stormed by the Parisians
Paris
The legislative assembly declared war on _____ in the spring of 1792
Austria
Rulers of _____ threatened to use force to restore Louis XVI to full power
Prussia
The Declaration of the rights of man and citizen proclaimed freedom of speech, freedom of press, and ______
Tax exemptions
The ______ of the National Assembly set up a limited monarchy
Constitution
The _____ and the Mountains were dissenting groups within the national convention
Girondins
The government of the directory was opposed by the _____ and Radicals
Royalists
_____ toppled the Directory
Napoleon
The the committee of public safety was originally set up to defend France from ___
Foreign Armies
Enemies of the republic during the reign of terror were prosecuted by ____
Revolutionary courts
1,880 citizens of ____ were executed by the Committee of Public Safety
Lyon
Citizens of ____ were sunk in barges in the Loire River
Nantes
Napoleon was born here
Corsica
Napoleons argument with the ____ allowed Catholicism to be recognized, made those who purchased church land his supporters and restored some stability to France
Catholic Church
Women were treated as less than equal to men by Napoleon’s ____
Civil Code
Napoleon’s ______ was designed to stop British trade with Europe
Continental System
Germany was the ally of ______
Austria-Hungary
Russia was the protector of ____
Serbia
The Triple Alliance included: Germany, Austria and ______.
Italy
Across ______, war time governments setup planned Economies
Europe
____ entered the war over unrestricted submarine warfare
United States
______ states used propaganda to maintain high morale and maintain support for the war among their citizens
Democratic
The Von Schlieffen plan was a _____ plan during the war
German
Austria-Hungary feared that Serbia would create a large ___ state
Slavic
____ was the Red Army’s commissar
Trotsky
Setup a provisional government and made the fatal mistake of continuing the war
Kerensky
Site of a women led, organized strike
Petrograd
The Duma was a ________ legislative body in 1917
Russian
Representative councils of workers and soldiers
Soviets
The Allies promised to recognized independent ___ states on reference to the Ottoman Turks during the war
Arab
Lloyd George was the _____ leader in 1919
British
In the Treaty of Versailles, Germany was forced to give up land to a new ______ state
Polish
Georges Clemenceau was the _____ leader in 1919
French
Woodrow Wilson argued at the ____ peace conference most strongly for the League of Nations to prevent future wars
Paris
Aggressive preparation for war
Militarism
Military Draft
Conscription
