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Allie's Flashcardlet > history chpt. 1 study guide > Flashcards

history chpt. 1 study guide Flashcards

0
Q

Anthropologist think the first people to build a civilization in America were the …. Whose culture emerged between 1500 and 1200

A

Olmec

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1
Q

A highly organized society marked by trade govt the arts science often written language

A

Civilization

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2
Q

Around A.D. 200, the …. Culture emerged in the Yucatán Peninsula and expanded into …. And southern ….

A

Mayan; Central America; Mexico

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3
Q

Between AD 850 and 1100, the ……. Living in the Chaco Canyon in northwest New Mexico began constructing large multi-story buildings of …… And cut stone

A

Anasazi; Adobe

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4
Q

Mississippian city of …. covered 5 mi.² is home to an estimated 16,000 people

A

Cahokia

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5
Q

Major crops of the Native Americans were

A

Corn, beans, squash

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6
Q

The exchange of ideas through trade

A

Cultural Diffusion

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7
Q

Aztec’s capital

A

Tenochtitian

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8
Q

….. Is a shallow lake in Tenochtitlán

A

Lake Texcoco

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9
Q

Palettes made for piling the soil from the bottom of the lake for growing food

A

Chinampas

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10
Q

Skilled in a creative craft

A

Artisan

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11
Q

Pueblo good spirit

A

Kachina

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12
Q

What was the Iroquois Confederacy?

A

Seneca, Mohawk, Cayuga, Oneida

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13
Q

SW natives lived in …..

A

Adobe houses

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14
Q

Pacific NW lived in ….

A

Wood houses

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15
Q

People of the plains-Middle West lived in ……

A

Tepees

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16
Q

Aleut and Inuit people lived in …….

A

Igloo

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17
Q

SE Natives lived in

A

Wigwams

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18
Q

Northern Natives lived in …….

A

Long houses

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19
Q

Anasazi moved to Mezoverde when ……. Collapsed

A

Pueblopinito

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20
Q

From North to South they trade ……

From South to North they trade ……

A

Salt; gold

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21
Q

People of Ghana

A

Soninke

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22
Q

People of Mali

A

Malinke

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23
Q

People of Songhai

A

Sorko

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24
Q

What was the purpose of the Crusades

A

Free the holy land from Islam

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25
Q

What does “Renaissance” mean and what influence did it have on Europe from AD 1350-1600

A

“Rebirth”, rediscovered the works of Greek and Roman ideas; intellectual revolution

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26
Q

In AD 1001, …… And 35 Vikings, were the first Labrador

A

Leif Ericson

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27
Q

One of the most important discoveries for Europeans in the Americas was the …….

A

Potatoes

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28
Q

Europeans introduced Native Americans to several new foods including ……..

A

Oats, barley, rye, rice, bananas, onions, wheat, and animals such as chickens, cattle, and pigs

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29
Q

European imports that are beneficial to Native Americans were all set with the dreadful effects of an invisible one—

A

Bacteria that causes chickenpox, flu, measles, mumps, smallpox, typhus

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30
Q

Columbus landed on blank in the Bahamas

A

San Salvador

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31
Q

was the first permanent European colony in the New World

A

Santa Domingo

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32
Q

….. founded a colony that became the first Spanish settlement called ….. in North America

A

Ponce de Leon; St. Augustine

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33
Q

Military conquest protection

A

Feudalism

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34
Q

Agriculture; farming

A

Manorialism

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35
Q

To determine how old objects are scientists rely on….

A

Radiocarbon dating

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36
Q

Thousand years ago and much of the earth’s water froze into huge ice sheets or …

A

glaciers

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37
Q

An area of dry land name Beringia, after Vitus Bering, connected ….. with a part of North America that is now …..

A

Asia; Alaska

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38
Q

…… are people who continually move from place to place

A

Nomads

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39
Q

The first crops grown in America included ……

A

pumpkins, peppers, squash, gourds, and beans

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40
Q

……. was important because it would be ground into flour to make bread and could be dried in stored for long periods of time

A

Maize

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41
Q

They ……. were among the first Native Americans to use gold and copper for art and jewelry. ….. was their main city

A

Toltec; Tula

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42
Q

When the Europeans around in the 1500s and estimated 5 million people are living under ……… rule

A

Aztec

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43
Q

The Hohokam used the ….. and ….. Rivers as the water supply

A

Gila and Salt

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44
Q

The most important early mount building culture was the ….. culture

A

Adena

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45
Q

The culture of most Native Americans developed in response to what

A

Their environments

46
Q

Upon what did the peoples living in Southwest depend to survive

A

Corn

47
Q

Which peoples lived in the land bordering the Pacific from southeastern Alaskan to Washington state

A

Salish people, Chinook, Tlingit, Haida, Kwakuitls, Nootkas

48
Q

For what did the peoples of the Pacific coast use lumber

A

Build homes, fashion Canoes, create elaborate art masks and totem poles

49
Q

Who brought horses to North America

A

Spanish

50
Q

How did the Sioux Warriors gain their greatest glory

A

The of Counting Coup which is to charge into a group of the enemy and touch them with a stick

51
Q

What devices did the Inuit and Aleut invent to make their lives easier

A

Harpoon, kayak, dogsled, boots with spikes, goggles to prevent snow blindness

52
Q

Who are the first Native Americans to encounter English settlers

A

new England and Virginia

53
Q

What words from the Algonquian language are used today

A

Succotash, hominy, Moccasins, papoose

54
Q

What is slash and burn agriculture and why was it used

A

Cut down forest and burn the clear land create nitrogen rich ashes that will make the soil fertile

55
Q

How did the Iroquois’s set out there living arrangements

A

They live in longhouses with kinship groups headed by the elder women

56
Q

Who was Hiawatha

A

He was the chief of mohawk and one of the founders of the Iroquois

57
Q

Where did almost all the people in the Southeast live

A

Towns

58
Q

The ……………… Grew by trading into precious commodities ……

A

Ghana, Mali, and Songhai; gold and salt

59
Q

West Africa is an immense bulge of territory bordered on the north at the ……….. And on the west and south by the ………..

A

Mediterranean Sea; Atlantic Ocean

60
Q

Ideas as well as goods traveled along the African trade routes among the most significant was the religious ideas

A

Islam

61
Q

In the 1200s the rulers of Europe shifted from ….. and …… coins to ….. coins

A

Copper and silver; gold

62
Q

The African peoples who lived on the southern edge of the Sahara had access to both the …… from the south and the …… and other goods coming from the north

A

Gold; salt

63
Q

The ….. control of trade and built West Africa’s ……

A

Soninke; first empire

64
Q

The Empire of ….. reached it’s peak in the 1300s under the leadership of …….. and his brother …….

A

Mali; Mansa Musa; Mansa Suluyman

65
Q

The ruler of Songhai ……, used a powerful army of Calvary backed by a ……. to seize Timbuktu in 1468

A

Sonni Ali; fleet of war canoes

66
Q

Ife Artist produced some of the most impressive art and west Africa including

A

Carved wood and Ivory, terra-cotta sculptures and cast metal

67
Q

Many central African societies were ………..; that is they traced their lineage or decent for their mothers instead of their fathers

A

Matrilineal

68
Q

After the arrival of Islam, Arab traders began to trade ….. and other goods in exchange for ……..

A

horses, cotton; enslaved Africans

69
Q

In order to increase their …… production the Akan people acquired enslaved africans for Mali traders for use in clearing the land and mining

A

gold

70
Q

The introduction of ……….. forming encouraged Europeans to use enslaved workers and to enter into slave trade

A

sugarcane

71
Q

How did the feudal system work

A

Aching would give estates to Nobles in exchange for their loyalty and military support

72
Q

Why did a manor have to produce nearly everything its residents needed

A

Warfare and bandits made trade difficult

73
Q

Where did serfs live and under what conditions

A

In the manor in a tiny one room house with dirt floors, a hole in the roof and a few pieces of crude furniture

74
Q

What inventions improve the economy of Western Europe around AD 1000

A

Better plow and horse collars

75
Q

What action barred people from participating in church rites

A

Excommunication

76
Q

What were popular trade items between Italian and Arab merchants in A.D. 1200

A

Silk, spices, and other goods

77
Q

What was one of the largest empires in world history

A

Mongol

78
Q

When was the beginning of sea exploration for trade purposes

A

1300s to 1500s

79
Q

Who benefited from the creation of a common currency as well as from increased trade in the 1400s and 1500s

A

Merchants, kings and queens of Europe, Arab traders

80
Q

Who were the leaders and sea exploration by the mid 1400s

A

Portugal Spain England and France

81
Q

What instruments and improvements to ships made sea travel easier

A

Astrolabe, compass, Lateen cells, ship cable for long-distance traveling

82
Q

Why were caravels used for exploration

A

They were flatter, smaller, had multiple masts, had a rear rudder.

83
Q

Who were the three main Portuguese explorers in the 1400s and where did they travel

A

Henry the navigator – Sagres, Bartolomeu Diaz – south tip of Africa and named it the Cape of Good Hope, Vasco da Gama – India

84
Q

The Vikings attempt to found colonies in the Newfoundland region failed because they did not have better ……… than those of the opposing Native Americans

A

weapons

85
Q

And 1150 for an Arab geographer named ……… published a geographical survey of as much of the world as was known then

A

Ptolemy

86
Q

Ptolemies geography was in accurate because it made the earth seem much …….. than it was

A

smaller

87
Q

Columbus mistakenly concluded that …….. was the coast of China and that ……… was Japan

A

Cuba; Hispaniola

88
Q

The Treaty of tortoise I did two things explain

A

Confirmed Portugal’s rights to control the route around Africa to India. Confirmed Spain’s claims to the new lands of America

89
Q

The accomplishment of the Vasco de Balboa was…

A

He founded a colony on the Isthmus of Panama, cross the Panama and was the first European to reach the Pacific coast of America

90
Q

Name 5 ways the caravel was better than other ships

A

The Caravel had new lateen sails that allowed them to sail farther. It also had rear rudders so that they could steer easier. The caravel could hold up to 130 tons. The caravel contained multiple masts and a bilge pump. Also, it wash flatter and smaller to it was able to go and shallow water which made it easier to stop and fix the boat. Lastly, it had ballistones to keep it even in the water.

91
Q

The Anasazi the cliff dwellings at

A

Mesaverde

92
Q

Named the Pacific ocean

A

Magellan

93
Q

De Gama landed on the coast of India at

A

Goa

94
Q

A new culture known as the …..,, culture rose to prominence in the Ohio River Valley between 200 and 100 BC

A

Hopewell

95
Q

The Asians came to the Americas between 15 and 30,000 years ago our crossing the blank

A

Landbridge

96
Q

First crops raised was …… and I also grew …………

A

Corn, squash, beans

97
Q

The growth of agriculture allowed complex societies called civilizations to emerge including the blank and blank of Central America and the blank and Peru

A

Toltec Olmec Aztec and Maya; Inca

98
Q

The major ancient cultures in North America where the blank in the Southwest in the blank in the southeast

A

Anasazi and Mississippians

99
Q

Tribes of the Southwest included …..

A

Hope, Zunee

100
Q

Tribes of the Pacific coast included …..

A

Haida

101
Q

Tribes of the Great Plains included,

A

Sioux, Shosonee

102
Q

Tribes of the Northeast included …..

A

Cenaca

103
Q

Tribes of the the north west included,

A

Mohawk

104
Q

Tribes of the far north included,

A

Aleut and Inuit

105
Q

Tribes of the southeast included,

A

Cherokee and Cree

106
Q

How did the slave trade from this early trading

A

Slaves were normally kept wars but as the need for gold increased they began selling slaves for Gold

107
Q

During this time period Europeans were living under the political system called

A

Feudalism

108
Q

This system broke down because of: ……, new farming methods such as, ……., ……., ……. And increase in …. Because of surplus

A

Crusades; better plow, horse collar, three-field system; trade

109
Q

Intellectual revolution

A

Renaissance

110
Q

Founded a school for ship pilots

A

Henry Navigator

111
Q

Portuguese mapped Africa’s west coast down to …… Which was reached and renamed by …… To …..

A

Cape of Storms; Diaz; Cape of Good Hope

112
Q

When ….. Landed on the coast of India a basis of trade with the Far East was formed

A

De agama

Allie's Flashcardlet (68 decks)

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