history: chpt. 5 test Flashcards
What did King Henry the eighth establish?
The Church of England
Who wrote the Edict of Worms?
Charles the fifth; it made Martin Luther an outlaw within the city of Worms.
The movement that developed in northern Europe during the Renaissance combining classical learning with the goal of reforming the Catholic Church; the main goal of this movement was to reform the Catholic Church.
Know: Christian humanism and its goal
A Dominican preacher who condemned the corruption of the Medici family. When citizens were tired of Medici rule, they started following Savonarola and he took control of Florence.
Know: Girolamo Savonarola and what he took control of
The belief that God has determined in advance who will be saved (the elect) and who will be damned (the reprobate)
Predestination
Became the new duke and conquered _____ after the last Visconti ruler died in 1447.
Francesco Sforva; Milan
The best known of all the Christian humanists
Desiderata Erasmus
The key intellectual movement of the Renaissance and based on the study of the classics, the literary works of Ancient Greece and Rome.
Humanism
Radicals who strongly disliked giving dominant power to the state. They were based on the accounts of the Early Christian communities in the New Testament.
Anabaptists
An Italian author that used vernacular literature to write the ____________. It was the story of the soul’s journey to salvation. It was separated into three parts: Hell, Purgatory, and Heaven or Paradise.
Dante; Divine Comedy
The growth of powerful more local monarchial states in the rest of Europe eventually lead to trouble for the Italian states. For the next 30 years, the French and Spanish made Italy there battle grounds as they fought to dominate the country. The terrible sack of Rome in 1527 By the armies of the Spanish king Charles the first ended the ____________ and left the Spanish a dominant force in Italy.
The Italian wars (the wars between France and Spain)
He was a well-rounded, universal person that was capable of achievements in many areas of life. For example he was a painter, sculptor, architect, inventor, and mathematician.
Leonardo da Vinci and how he was an example in the Renaissance Italy
What is Christine de Pizan best known for?
She is a French writer who used vernacular literature. She is best known for her works written in defense of women. She also wrote The Book of the City of Ladies.
The _______________ by Masaccio in Florence at the beginning of the 15th century have long been regarded as the first masterpieces of early results (1400 – 1490) art. A ________ is a painting done on fresh, wet plaster with water-based paints. Some other famous ________ include Raphael’s ________ in the Vatican palace.
Frescoes painted
They believed in the ability of humans beings to reason and improve themselves. They thought that if people read the classics, and especially the basic works of Christianity, they will be more pious. Christian humanists believed that in order to change society, they must first change the human beings who make it up.
What did Christian humanists believe?
The revolution of of Luther’s religious movements; the doctrine developed by Luther
Lutheranism
The Peace of Augsburg formally accepted _________________.
The division of Christianity in Germany
Who founded the Jesuits?
Ignatius of Loyola
The release from all or part of the punishment for sin
Indulgence
What did the Medici family control?
Florence
What did Ulrich Zwingli introduce?
Religious reforms
What did John Calvin publish?
Institutes of the Christian Religion
Petrarch is called the father of _______________________?
Italian Renaissance humanism
A Frenchwoman who used vernacular literature to write The Book of the City of Ladies. She is best known for her works written in defense of women. In her book she denounced male writers who said women were unable to learn and were easily swayed.
Christine de Pizan
____________ downplayed religious dogma and stressed the need to follow the teachings of Jesus.
The Modern Devo
____________ is a special body for enforcing moral discipline, was set up as a court to oversee the moral life and doctrinal purity of Genevans
The Consistory
In 1536, Calvin began working to reform the city of Geneva. He created a church government that used both clergy and laity in the service of the church. The __________ had the right to punish people who deviated from the church’s teachings and moral principles.
Calvins reformation of the formation of the Consistory; the Consistory
The husband was the ruler and the wife was the obedient servant. Her chief duty was to please her husband. Obedience to her husband was not a woman’s only role. Her other important duty was to bear children. Calvin and Luther believed that this function of women was part of the divine plan. Family life was the only destiny for protestant women.
Women’s roles in society
What did Martin Luther start?
- Justification, by faith alone (being made right before God, or by faith alone you are saved)
- Protestant Reformation
- Lutheranism
What did Machievelli write?
The Prince
