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Allie's Flashcardlet > history: chpt. 11 test > Flashcards

history: chpt. 11 test Flashcards

0
Q

Aristocratic privileges

A

Relics of feudalism

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1
Q

One of the three classes into which French society was divided before the revolution: the clergy (first ____), the nobles (second ____), and the townspeople (third ____)

A

Estate

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2
Q

Middle class

A

Bourgeoisie

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3
Q

Called the meeting of the Estates-General to raise new taxes

A

Louis XVI

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4
Q

Where the meeting of the Estates-General opened on May 5, 1789

A

Versailles

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5
Q

Deputies swore they would continue to meet until they had produced a French Constitution

A

Tennis Court Oath

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6
Q

Where Bastille, an armory and prison is located

A

Paris

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7
Q

On August 26, the National Assembly adopted the _____

A

Declaration of the Rights of Man and the Citizen

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8
Q

A woman who wrote plays and pamphlets, refused to accept the exclusion of women from political rights; she penned a Declaration of the Rights of Woman and the Female Citizen

A

Olympe de Gouges

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9
Q

Rulers of ____ and ____ threatened to use force to restore Louis XVI to full power

A

Austria and Prussia

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10
Q

Ordinary patriots with out fine clothes

A

Sans-culottes

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11
Q

Explain why the Catholic Church was targeted for reform.

A

It was seen as an important pillar of the old order

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12
Q

List the reasons for the near collapse of government finances in France

A

Social conditions, bad harvests, slow manufacturing, food shortages, rising prices, unemployment

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13
Q

Social commoners

A

Third Estate

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14
Q

Merchants, bankers, industrialists, professionals

A

Bourgeoisie

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15
Q

French parliament under Louis XVI

A

Estates-General

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16
Q

“Without breeches,” members of the Paris Commune

A

San-culottes

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17
Q

The Second Estate did all of the following EXCEPT

A. Own from 25 to 39 percent of the land
B. Hold high positions in government and the military
C. Not pay taxes
D. Side with peasants

A

D. Side with peasants

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18
Q

The Paris Bastille was

A

An armory and prison

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19
Q

The Declaration of the Rights of Man and the Citizen proclaimed all of the following EXCEPT

A. An end to tax exemptions
B. Freedom of speech
C. Equal rights for women
D. Freedom of the press

A

C. Equal rights for women

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20
Q

The National Assembly’s Constitution of 1791, _____

A

Set up a limited monarchy

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21
Q

The Paris Commune demonstrated, then seized power for all of the following reasons EXCEPT

A. Defeats in war with Austria
B. Economic shortages
C. Loyalty to Prussia
D. Anger with the monarchy

A

C. Loyalty to Prussia

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22
Q

Minister of Justice for the Paris Commune

A

Georges Danton

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23
Q

Individuals qualified to vote

A

Electors

24
Q

Sudden overthrow of government

A

Coup d’ètat

25
Q

Dissenting groups

A

Factions

26
Q

Upper legislative house under the Constitution of 1795

A

Council of Elders

27
Q

The Reign of Terror set up revolutionary courts to prosecute

A

Enemies of the republic

28
Q

The two dissenting groups within the National Convention were the

A

Girondins and the Mountain

29
Q

During its rule, the government of the Directory was opposed by

A

Royalists and radicals

30
Q

The Directory was eventually toppled by

A

Napoleon Bonaparte

31
Q

The Committee of Public Safety was originally set up to

A

Defend France against foreign armies

32
Q

Published a radical journal called “Friend of the People”

A

Jean-Paul Marat

33
Q

A large network of political groups throughout France

A

Jacobin

34
Q

A special committee of 12 that had been given broad powers by the National Convention

A

Committee of Public Safety

35
Q

Eventually dominated the Committee of Public Safety

A

Maximilien Robespierre

36
Q

Revolutionary courts were set up to prosecute internal enemies of the revolutionary republic. Close to 40,000 people were killed during this time

A

Reign of Terror

37
Q

A city where 1,880 citizens were executed.

A

Lyon

38
Q

The city where victims were executed by being sunk in barges in the Loire River

A

Nantes

39
Q

Located in France, across the Rhine River; the republic’s army conquered it

A

Austrian Netherlands

40
Q

Explain the similarities and differences between the Girondins and the Mountain

A

Girondins represented provinces; feared radical mobs; and wanted Louis XVI alive
The Mountain represented interests of radical; and wanted Louis XVI dead

They both were members of the Jacobin club

41
Q

List the members of the informal coalition that took up arms against France. What was the result of this conflict?

A

Austria, Prussia, Spain, Portugal, Britain, and the Dutch Republic. French armies fell back and France was invaded.

42
Q

Dominated French and European history from 1799 to 1815

A

Napoleon Bonaparte

43
Q

Napoleon’s birthplace

A

Corsica

44
Q

Napoleon’s government after 1799

A

Consulate

45
Q

Napoleon’s unified law system

A

Civil Code

46
Q

Laws a prominent writer; liked Napoleon at first but them called him a tyrant

A

Anne-Louise-Germaine de Staël

47
Q

Unique cultural identity of a people

A

Nationalism

48
Q

They city the Russians burned this city and when Napoleon’s grand army arrived with no supplies they abandoned it

A

Moscow

49
Q

The island Napoleon was first exiled to

A

Elba

50
Q

Where Napoleon was defeated by the Duke of Wellington

A

Waterloo

51
Q

Head over the British and Prussian army

A

Duke of Wellington

52
Q

Explain how nationalism contributed to Napolean’s defeat.

A

The spirit of the French nationalism had made possible mass armies of the revolutionary and Napoleonic eras. Napoleon brought nationalism with his new principles

53
Q

List the powers Napoleon exercised as the first Consul

A

Controlled the government, army, foreign affairs, appointed members of the bureaucracy, and influenced legislature

54
Q

Napoleon’s Continental System was designed to

A

Stop British trade with Europe

55
Q

Napoleon’s military force was called the

A

Grand Army

56
Q

Promotion within Napoleon’s government and military was based on

A

Ability

57
Q

Napoleon’s agreement with the Catholic Church did all of the following EXCEPT

A. Recognize Catholicism as the majority religion of France
B. Return church lands to the pope and clergy
C. Make those who had purchased church land his supporters
D. Restore some stability to France

A

B. Return church lands to the pope and clergy

58
Q

Napoleon’s Civil Code treated women

A

As less than equal to men

Allie's Flashcardlet (68 decks)

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