science: chpt. 20 test Flashcards
Filaments that are the basic structural units that make up the body of a multicellular fungus; threadlike
Hyphae
A strong flexible polysaccharide that is found in the cell walls of all fungi and in the exoskeletons of insects and crustaceans
Chitin
Netlike mass made up of branching hyphae
Mycelium
Spore producing fungal reproductive structure
Fruiting body
Cross wall that divides hypha into cells
Septa
Specialized hypha of parasitic fungi that grows into a host’s tissue and absorbs its nutrients
Haustoria
Reproductive haploid cell with a hard outer shell that forms a new organism without the fusion of gametes and is produced in the asexual and sexual life cycles of most fungi and some other organisms
Spore
Sac or case in which fungal spores are produced
Sporangium
Type of hypha formed by a mold that spreads ever food service
Stolon
Type of hypha formed by a mold that penetrates a food’s surface
Rhizoid
Reproductive hyphal structure of zygotemycetes that contains a haploid nucleus
Gametangium
Spore producing hypha sac fungi
Conidiophore
In sac fungi the reproductive structure where haploid nuclei fuse to form a zygote
Ascocarp
Spore producing saclike structure of sac fungi
Ascus
Spore produced by an ascus
Ascospore
Fruiting body of basidiomycetes
Basidiocarp
Club straight, spore producing hypha of basidiomycetes
Basidium
Haploid spores are released by a basidium during reproduction
Basidiospore
Symbiotic relationship between a fungus and an alga or a photosynthetic partner
Lichen
Living organism that is sensitive to environmental conditions and is one of the first to respond to changes
Bioindicator
Symbiotic relationship between a specialized fungus and plant roots fungal hyphae help plants obtain water and minerals and plants supply carbohydrates and amino acids to the fungus
Mycorrhiza
Fungi produce asexually by ______, ______, and ______
Fragmentation, budding, or producing spores
Producing a large number of _____ increases a species chance of survival
Spores
Fungal spores can be dispersed by _____, _____, and _____
Animals, water, and wind
Fungi my produce spores by ______ and ______
Mitosis and meiosis
