history chpt. one vocab Flashcards
A 100,000 years ago the Earth began to cool gradually, entering what scientists called a period of glaciation
Ice ages
Scientists rely on ……. To determine how old objects are.
Radiocarbon dating
Huge ice sheets
Glaciers
People who continually moved from place to place
Nomads
9,000-10,000 years ago when early Americans learned how to plant and raise crops
Agricultural Revolution
Known as corn today
Maize
A highly organized society marked by trade, government, the arts, science, and often a written language
Civilization
Volcanic glass
Obsidian
An Anasazi made circular ceremonial room
Kivas
Large housing structures; multi-story with Adobe cut stone and long passageways; built for the Anasazi
Pueblos
The pueblo people thought a …… Was a good spirit
Kachina
Cut down parts of the forest and then burn the cleared land so that the ashes would enrich the soil and make it more fertile
Slash-and-burn agriculture
Large rectangular houses with barrel shaped roofs covered in bark
Long houses
Conical or dome shaped and were made using bent poles covered with hides or bark
Wigwams
Extended families; Iroquoian peoples lived in these
Kinship groups
Regions of scrub forest and a kind of rolling grassland at the edges of the Sahara
Savannah
Muslim places of worship
Mosques
People who trace their lineage or descent through their mother rather than their fathers
Matrilineal
A new political system in Western Europe; a king would give estates to nobles in exchange for loyalty and military support
Feudalism
The economic ties between nobles and peasants; in return for protection, peasants provided various services for the Lord
Manorialism
People who were bound to the manor and could not leave without permission
Serfs
In intellectual revolution; it means “rebirth”; Europeans rediscovered the works of Greek and Roman philosophers, geographers, and mathematicians
Renaissance
A device invented by the ancient Greeks and refined by Arab navigators; it uses the position of the sun to determine the direction, latitude, and local time
Astrolabe
A small vessel capable of carrying about 130 tons of cargo
Caravel
An imaginary north-to-south line running down the middle of the Atlantic Ocean
The line of Demarcation
Sail around the globe
Circumnavigate
A series of complex interactions between peoples and environments that permanently altered the worlds ecosystem and changed nearly every culture around the world
Colombian Exchange
