Reproductive System Quiz Flashcards
What are the gonads?
Ovaries and testes
What do the gonads do?
produce gametes and sex hormones
What are gametes?
Eggs and sperm
What sex hormones are produced in males vs females?
Males -Testosterone Females -Estrogen -Progesterone
What do the testes do?
Produce sperm and testosterone
Why are the testes in the scrotum and not within the body?
To remain cooler to preserve sperm
What are the segments within the testes?
Lobules
What do the lobules contain?
Seminiferous tubules
What do the seminiferous tubules lead to and what do they do?
They lead to the epididymis and produce sperm
What do interstitial cells produce?
Testosterone
What is the epididymus?
Comma-shaped, superior and posterolateral region of testes
What does the epididymus contain?
the coiled duct of the epididymis
What does the epididymis connect?
Seminiferous tubules to the vas deferens
What occurs in the epididymus?
Maturation and storage of sperm until ejaculation
What is the vas deferens?
Cord extending from the epididymis into the pelvic cavity, behind bladder becoming ampulla
What is ampulla?
Expansion of vas deferens
What forms the ejaculatory ducts?
The ampulla joined by the seminal vesicles
How do the ejaculatory ducts connect to the urethra?
They pass through the prostrate
What is a vasectomy?
Minimally invasive cut of the vas deferens, sperm still exists but is reabsorbed
What are the three regions of the urethra?
Prostatic
Membranous
Spongy
What are the paired seminal vesicles?
Posterior wall of bladder, 60% of semen providing nutrition, pH, and transport for sperm
What is the prostate gland?
33% of semen, prostatic and ejaculatory duct run through it, secretes into urethra
What are the paired bulbourethral?
Pea-sized glands that secrete prior to ejaculation to neutralize traces of acidic urine in urethra
What is sperm?
Germ cells that divided by meiosis, one germ=four sperm, either X or Y
What is the structure of a sperm cell?
Head, Acrosome, Midpiece, Tail
What does the head of a sperm cell contain?
22 autosomes, 1 sex chromosome
What is the acrosome of a sperm cell?
enzymes to digest into the egg
What does the midpiece of a sperm cell contain?
mitochondria to make ATP