Histology & Epithelial Tissue

Question 1

What is Histology?

Answer 1

The study of tissues.

Question 2

What two things make up tissues?

Answer 2

Cells and Matrix

Question 3

What is a Matrix?

Answer 3

Extracellular, non-living material

Question 4

What are the four primary tissue types?

Answer 4

Epithelial, Connective, Muscle, Nervous

Question 5

What are the three types of intercellular junctions?

Answer 5

Tight junctions, Desmosomes, Gap junctions

Question 6

What is a tight junction?

Answer 6

Found in lining cells, help close the space between cells.

Question 7

What are desmosomes?

Answer 7

“spot welds” between cells that are located among outer skin cells.

Question 8

What are gap junctions?

Answer 8

tubular channels between cells found in cardiac muscles.

Question 9

What does Epithelial tissue do?

Answer 9

Lines cavities and organs, have a free surface and a basement membrane, are avascular, and function in protection, absorption, and excretion.

Question 10

How is epithelial tissue classified?

Answer 10

By number of layers, cell shape, and special types

Question 11

What is simple squamous?

Answer 11

single layer of flat cells, allows diffusion. Line air sacs, blood vessels, and lymphatic vessels.

Question 12

What is simple cuboidal?

Answer 12

single layer of cuboidal cells, line kidney tubules, ovaries, and some glands.

Question 13

What is simple columnar?

Answer 13

single layer of elongated cells, nuclei stay low, sometimes have cilia, microvilli, goblet cells. Line uterus, stomach, intestines.

Question 14

What is a Goblet cell?

Answer 14

cells that produce mucous

Question 15

What is pseudo-stratified columnar?

Answer 15

Single layer of elongated cells, have cilia, goblet cells, line respiratory passageways.

Question 16

What is stratified squamous?

Answer 16

Many cell layers, flat top cells, can hold keratin, outer layer of skin, line oral cavity, vagina, and anal canal.

Question 17

What is stratified cuboidal?

Answer 17

2-3 layers, cuboidal, line ducts of mammary glands, salivary glands, and pancreas.

Question 18

What is stratified columnar?

Answer 18

Layered cells that start on the bottom as cuboidal but as they approach the top layer elongate into columnar. Line male urethra and pharynx.

Question 19

What is transitional epithelium?

Answer 19

Many cell layers, cuboidal and elongated cells, line urinary track.

Question 20

What are the four forms of epithelial tissue?

Answer 20

Glands, skin, nails, hair.

Question 21

What is glandular epithelium?

Answer 21

specialized epithelial tissue for production and secretion of substances

Question 22

What are the structural types of exocrine glands?

Answer 22

tubular, branched tubular, coiled tubular, branched alveolar (simple) tubular, alvolar (compound)

Question 23

What are the types of glandular secretions?

Answer 23

Merocrine glands, Apocrine glands, Holocrine glands

Question 24

Where are merocrine glands located and what do they produce?

Answer 24

Salivary glands, pancreas glands, sweat glands, they produce fluid product.

Question 25

Where are apocrine glands located and what do they produce?

Answer 25

Portions of cells, mammary glands, ceruminous glands, they produce cellular product.

Question 26

Where are holocrine glands located and what do they produce?

Answer 26

Whole cells, sebaceous glands, they produce secretory products.

Question 27

What are the two types of glandular epithelium?

Answer 27

Endocrine (ductless, hormones)

Exocrine (ducts, uni- and multi- cellular)