Endocrine System Flashcards
What are the two types of endocrine organs?
Glands and Nervous tissue
What are hormones?
Molecules that influence the activities of cells
What are the two categories of hormones?
Steroid hormones
Nonsteroid hormones
What are target cells?
The specific cells effected by a certain hormone
What is hormonal stimuli?
Tropins or tropic hormones target other endocrine glands
Where are most tropic hormones secreted?
Anterior pituitary
What tropic hormone is produced by the hypothalamus?
Anterior Pituitary hormones
What tropic hormone is produced by the thyroid?
(Thyroxine) Hypothalamus hormone
What do neurosecretory cells in the hypothalamus do?
produce the hormones Antidiuretic Hormone (ADH) and Oxytocin (OXT)
What are RHs and IHs?
whose main purpose is to control the release of other hormones
What is the hypothalamus?
ventral part of diencephalon
What does the hypothalamus do?
Neural and endocrine system connection
What does the hypothalamus make?
RH
IH
ADH
OT
What is the pituitary gland?
controls metabolism, growth, sexual maturation, reproduction, blood pressure and many other vital physical functions
What does the anterior pituitary gland do?
Synthesize and release hormones
What does the posterior pituitary gland do?
Release hormones
What does the anterior pituitary gland produce?
Thyroid Stimulating Hormone Adrenocorticotropic Hormone Follicle Stimulating Hormone Luteinizing Hormone Prolactin Growth Hormone
What does the posterior pituitary gland release?
Antidiuretic Hormone
Oxytocin
What does TSH do?
Stimulates thyroid glands to produce T3 and T4, which increase metabolism
What does ACTH do?
stimulates the production of cortisol
What does cortisol do?
increases sugars (glucose) in the bloodstream, enhances your brain’s use of glucose and increases the availability of substances that repair tissues. Cortisol also curbs functions that would be nonessential or detrimental in a fight-or-flight situation
What does GnRH do?
causes the pituitary gland in the brain to make and secrete the hormones luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)