Muscles Flashcards
Frontalis
O- Occipital bone
I- Skin around eyes
A- elevates skin of the forehead
N- CN VII
Orbicularis Oris
O- Muscles near the mouth
I- Skin around lips
A- puckers lips
N- CN VII
Oribicularis Oculi
O- Maxilla and frontal bone
I- Skin around eyes
A- closing of eyes
N- CN VII
Buccinator
A- Compresses cheeks
N- CN VII
Zygomaticus
O- zygomatic bone
I- skin at corner of mouth
A- elevates sides of mouth, smile
N- CN VII
Masseter
O- zygomatic arch
I- ramus of mandible
A- elevates/protracts mandible
N- V3
Temporalis
O- temporal bone
I- coronoid process and ramus mandible
A- elevates/retracts mandible
N- V3
Medial and Lateral Pterygoids
A- elevates/depresses/side-to-side mandible
Sternocleidomastoid
O- sternum/clavicle
I- mastoid process
A- neck flexion/rotation, forceful inhalation
N- Accessory nerve, CN XI
Scalenes
A- lateral flexion of neck and head
Stylohyoid
temporal styloid process
Digastric
digastic fossa of mandible/mastoid notch
Mylohyoid
mylohyoid line of mandible
Sternohyoid
O- manubrium
I- inferior border of hyoid
Thyrohyoid
O- oblique thyroid cartilage
I- inferior border and greater horn of hyoid
Occipitalis
O- occipital bone
I- epicranial aponeurosis
A- moves scalp backwards
N- CN VII
Omohyoid
O- Sup. border of scapula
I- Inf. border of hyoid, lateral to sternohyoid
Trapezius
O- Sup. nuchal line, occipital protuberance, spine C7-T12
I- Clavicle, acromion, spine of scapula
A- rotates, elevates, adducts, depresses scapula
N- CN XI, 3, 4
Latissimus dorsi
O- T7-L5, sacrum, iliac crest, ribs 10-12
I- humerus
A- extends, abducts, medially rotates humerus
N- Thoracodorsal nerve
Rhomboid major
I- Medial border of scapula
A- adducts and elevates scapula
N- Dorsal scapular nerve
Rhomboid minor
I- Medial border of scapula spine
A- adducts and elevates scapula
N- Dorsal scapular nerve
Levator scapulae
I- upper medial border of scapula
A- elevates scapula
N- Dorsal scapular nerve
Serratus posterior superior
upper back, spine C7-T3 to scapular ribs
A- elevates ribs 2-5
N- Ant. rami of spinal nerves
Serratus posterior inferior
lower back, spine T11-L3, deep to latissimus
A- depresses ribs 9-12
N- Ant. rami of spinal nerves
Splenius
back of neck, skull to vertebrae
A- pull/rotate head
Semispinalis
back of neck, skull to vertebrae, under splenius
A- pull/rotate head
Spinalis
most medial erector spinae
A- extension of head, cervical and thorax
N- lateral post. rami of spinal nerves
Longissimus
intermediate erector spinae
A- extension of head, neck and spine, lateral flexion
N- lateral post. rami of spinal nerves
Iliocostalis
most lateral erector spinae
A- extension and lateral flexion of spine
N- lateral post. rami of spinal nerves
Deltoid
O- acromion, clavicle, lower spine
I- deltoid tuberosity of humerus
A- abducts, lateral/medial rotation of humerus
N- Axillary
Supraspinatus
O- supraspinatous fossa
I- greater tubercle of humerus
A- abducts arm
N- suprascapular
Infraspinatus
O- infraspinatous fossa
I- greater tubercle of humerus
A- laterally rotates arm
N- suprascapular
Teres Major
O- Inf. angle of scapula
I- Medial lip of intertubercular sulcus
A- medial rotation of arm
N- Lower scapular nerve
Subscapularis
O- subscapular fossa
I- leser tubercle
A- medial rotation of arm
N- upper/lower scapular nerves
Pectoralis Major
O- Clavicle, sternum, costal cartilage
I- crest of greater tubercle fo humerus
A- flexes,adducts, medially rotates arm
N- medial/lateral pectoral nerve
Pectoralis Minor
O- ribs 3-5
I- coracoid process
A- forward, medial, downward scapula
N- medial pectoral
Subclavius
between clavicle and rib 1
Serratus anterior
1-8 Ribs under pecs
N- Long thoracic nerve
External oblique
lower 8 ribs, along sides
A- flexes and laterally bends trunk
Internal oblique
lower 8 ribs, under externals
A- flexes and laterally bends trunk
Transversus abdominus
muscle that goes across abdomen
A- compresses abdomen
Rectus abdominus
muscle that goes down abdomen
A- flexes trunk
Biceps Brachii
O- L head (supraglenoid tubercle) S head (coracoid process)
I- radial tuberosity
A- flexion, forearm supination
N- Musculocutaneous nerve
Brachialis
O- distal ant. humerus
I- ulnar tuberosity
A- flexion of forearm
N- Musculocutaneous/radial nerve
Coracobrachialis
O- coracoid process
I- midshaft of humerus
A- flextion of arm
N- Musculocutaneous nerve
Palmaris Longus
O- medial epicondyle of humerus
I- palmar aponeurosis
A- flexion of wrist
N- Median nerve
Flexor Carpi Radialis
O- medial epicondyle of humerus
I- 2-3 metacarpal bases
A- flexes wrist, abducts hand
N- Median nerve
Pronator Teres
O- Medial coronoid process of ulna
I- lateral side of radius, medial
A- pronates forearm
N- Median nerve
Flexor Digitorum Profundus
I- base of ends of distal phalanx 2-5
A- flexes phalangeal joint
N- median/ulnlar nerve
Flexor Pollicis Longus
I- base of distal thumb
A- flexes thumb
N- median nerve
Pronator Quadratus
I- ant. distal radius
A- pronates forearm
N- median nerve
Brachioradialis
O- supracondylar ridge of humerus
I- lateral base, styloid process of radius
A- flexes elbow, pronate/supinate
N- radial nerve
Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus
O- supracondylar ridge of humerus
I- dorsum of second metacarpal
A- extends wrist, abducts hand
N- deep radial nerve
Extensor Carpi Radialis Brevis
O- supracondylar ridge of humerus
I- dorsum of third metacarpal
A- extends wrist, abducts hand
N- radial nerve
Extensor Digitorum
O- common extensor tendon
I- extensor expansion of digits 2-5
A- extends hand and digits 2-5
N- deep radial nerve
Extensor Digiti Minimi
O- common extensor tendon
I- joins extensor digitorum to 5th digit
A- extends 5th digit
N- deep radial nerve
Extensor Carpi Ulnaris
O- common extensor tendon/ulna
I- medial base of 5th metacarpal
A- extends wrist, adducts hand
N- deep radial nerve
Supinator
I- lateral side of proximal radius
A- supinates forearm
N- deep radial nerve
Abductor Pollicis Longus
I- radial base of first metacarpal
A- abducts thumb
N- deep radial nerve
Extensor Pollicis Brevis
I- base of proximal thumb
A- extends thumb
N- deep radial nerve
Extensor Pollicis Longus
I- base of distal thumb
A- extends thumb
N- deep radial nerve
Extensor Indicis
O- distal ulna
I- extensor digitorum 2nd digit
A- extends index
N- deep radial nerve
Gluteus Maximus
superficial lower gluteal
A- extension, external rotation, abduction of leg
N- inf. gluteal
Gluteus Medius
intermediate upper gluteal
A- abducts and internally rotates leg
N- sup. gluteal
Gluteus Minimus
deep upper gluteal
A- abducts and internally rotates leg
N- sup. gluteal
Piriformis
sacrum to top of femur
A- abductor and external rotator
N- nerve to piriformis
Obturator Internus
obturator foramen to top of femur
A- abductor and external rotator
N- nerve to obturator internus
Superior Gemellus
small, bottom of hip to femur
A- abductor and external rotator
N- nerve to obturator internus
Inferior Gemellus
small, bottom of hip to femur
A- abductor and external rotator
N- nerve to quadratus femoris
Quadratus Femoris
bottom of hip to femur
A- external femoral rotation
N- nerve to quadratus femoris
Iliopsoas
lumbar vertebrae to femur
Iliacus
ilia to femur
Psoas Major
lumber vertebrae to femur
A- flexes thigh, bends lumbar vertebrae
Tensor Fasciae Latae
sides of hips, lateral femur and hip
A- flexes, abducts, medially rotates thigh
N- superior gluteal nerve
Rectus Femoris
I- patella and tibial tuberosity
A- hip flexion, knee extension
N- femoral nerve
Vastus Medialis
I- patella and medial reticulum
A- knee extension
N- femoral nerve
Vastus Lateralis
I- patella and medial reticulum
A- knee extension
N- femoral nerve
Vastus Intermedius
I- patella
A- knee extension
N- femoral nerve
Sartorius
I- medial surface of tibia
A- hip flexion and rotation, knee flexion
N- femoral nerve
Biceps Femoris
I- fibula and tibia
A- knee flexion, hip extension
N- sciatic nerve
Semimembranosus
I- tibia
A- knee flexion, hip extension
N- sciatic nerve
Adductor Magnus
front hip to back femur
A- adducts, medial rotation
N- obturator nerve
Adductor Longus
front hip to back femur
A- adducts, medial rotation
N- obturator nerve
Adductor Brevis
front hip to back femur
A- adducts, medial rotation
N- obturator nerve
Pectineus
pubis to under head of femur
A- adducts, medial rotation
N- femoral nerve
Gracilis
most medial portion of thigh
A- adducts, medial rotation
N- obturator nerve
Tibialis Anterior
most anterior foreleg
A- dorsiflexion
N- deep fibular nerve
Extensor Digitorum Longus
top of tibia to toes 2-5
A- extension of 2-5 toes
N- deep fibular nerve
Extensor Hallucis Longus
top of tibia to big toe
A- extension of big toe
N- deep fibular nerve
Fibularis Longus
top of fibula to lateral foot
A- plantar flection and eversion
N- superficial fibular nerve
Fibularis Brevis
fibula to lateral foot
A- plantar flection and eversion
N- superficial fibular nerve
Gastrocnemius
I- calcaneal
A- flexes leg and foot
N- tibial nerve
Soleus
I- calcaneal
A- flexes foot
N- tibial nerve
Plantaris
I- calcaneal
A- flexes leg and foot
N- tibial nerve
Popliteus
femur to tibia at joint
A- flexes, rotates leg
N- tibial nerve
Tibialis Posterior
back of leg to back of lower leg
A- flexes foot, inverts foot
N- tibial nerve
Flexor Hallucis Longus
I- base of distal big toe
A- flexes big toe and foot
N- tibial nerve
Extensor Digitorum Brevis
I- extensor expainsion toes 2-5
A- extends 2-5 toes
N- deep fibular nerve