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Human Anatomy BIO244 > Nervous System II > Flashcards

Nervous System II Flashcards

1
Q

4 main parts of the brain

A

cerebrum, diencephalon, brain stem, cerebellum

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2
Q

What is the cerebrum?

A

the largest part of the brain, two hemispheres, connected by the corpus callosum, gyri and sulci, 5 lobes

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3
Q

What are the 5 lobes of the cerebrum?

A

frontal, parietal, temporal, occipital, isula

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4
Q

The function of the frontal lobe?

A

voluntary muscles

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5
Q

The function of the parietal lobe?

A

general sensation

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6
Q

The function of the occipital lobe?

A

visual

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7
Q

The function of the temporal lobe?

A

olfactory, auditory

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8
Q

The function of the insula lobe?

A

gustatory (taste)

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9
Q

What are the meninges?

A

dura mater, arachnoid mater, pia mater

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10
Q

What is dura mater?

A

directly beneath the skull, two layers (periosteal, meningeal), forms dural folds and venous sinuses

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11
Q

What is arachnoid mater?

A

the squishy film between dura and pia, subarachnoid space holds CSF

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12
Q

What is pia mater

A

thin inner layer attached to the brain, very delicate

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13
Q

What do the ventricles of the brain do?

A

contain cerebrospinal fluid, 4 chambers, cerebral aqueduct, interventricular foramen

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14
Q

What is the diencephalon?

A

between cerebrum and brain stem, integrates sensory and motor information, three main parts

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15
Q

What are the three main parts of the diencephalon?

A

thalamus, hypothalamus, epithalamus

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16
Q

What is the thalamus?

A

sensory relay center, interthalamic adhesion, most sensory neurons transmitting to the cortex synapse here

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17
Q

What is the hypothalamus?

A

Connected to pituitary by infundibulum

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18
Q

What is the epithalamus?

A

pineal gland

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19
Q

What is the brain stem?

A

connects brain to spinal cord, autonomic functions

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20
Q

What is the mid brain?

A

visual, auditory, tactile reflexes

21
Q

What is the pons?

A

connects cerebrum and cerebellum

22
Q

What is the medulla oblongata?

A

autonomic functions

23
Q

What does CN I do?

A

Olfactory, smell

24
Q

What does CN II do?

A

Optic, vision

25
Q

What does CN III do?

A

Oculomotor, moves eyeball

26
Q

What does CN IV do?

A

Trochlear, helps move the eyeball

27
Q

What does CN V do?

A

Trigeminal, facial sensation, mastication

28
Q

What does CN VI do?

A

Abducens, helps move the eyeball

29
Q

What does CN VII do?

A

Facial, movement of face, anterior taste, lacrimation

30
Q

What does CN VIII do?

A

Vestibulochochlear, hearing and equilibrium

31
Q

What does CN IX do?

A

Glossopharyngeal, taste posterior tongue, gag reflex, salivation

32
Q

What does CN X do?

A

Vagus, phonation, HR, BP, visceral smooth muscles and glands

33
Q

What does CN XI do?

A

Spinal Accessory, SCM, trapezius

34
Q

What does CN XII do?

A

Hypoglossal, tongue movement

35
Q

What are spinal nerves?

A

31 pairs of nerves that exit the vertebral column through intervertebral foramina

36
Q

What are dorsal and ventral roots?

A

dorsal: Sensory, cell body
ventral: Motor

37
Q

What is the spinal cord external anatomy?

A

18 inches long, posterior and anterior groove, ends L1/L2 at conus medullaris

38
Q

What are the parts of the cerebrum?

A

cortex, white matter, basal nuclei

39
Q

What is the cortex?

A

grey matter, conscience area

40
Q

What is white matter?

A

myelinated axons that form the medulla, connect parts of the cortex to each other, and have three fiber types:
association
commissural
projection

41
Q

What is the basal nuclei?

A

pockets of grey matter, deep to medulla, motor, corpus striatum

42
Q

What is the corpus striatum?

A

caudate nucleus and lentiform nucleus

43
Q

What are dural venous sinuses?

A

Superior sagittal sinus
Transverse sinus
Straight sinus

44
Q

What are dural folds?

A

Falx cerebri
Tentorium cerebelli
Falx cerebelli

45
Q

Where is CSF formed?

A

In the choroid plexuses

46
Q

What is hydrocephalus?

A

reabsorption of CSF blocked, swollen skull

47
Q

What is the limbic system?

A

Emotions, memory, etc.

Includes parts of

- cerebrum
- thalamus
- hippocampus
- amygdala
- hypothalamus
- fornix
48
Q

What is the circle of Willis?

A

arterial supply to the brain

Human Anatomy BIO244 (32 decks)

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