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Lower Extremity Anatomy > Posterior Thigh > Flashcards

Posterior Thigh Flashcards

1
Q

Posterior compartment muscles

A
  • Biceps femoris (short/long heads)
  • Semitendinosus
  • Semimembranosus
  • Hamstring muscles
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2
Q

Deeper muscles of posterior compartment

A
  • Short head of biceps femoris

- Semimembranosus

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3
Q

All posterior compartment muscles originate from

A
  • Ischial tuberosity

- EXCEPT short head of biceps femoris

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4
Q

All posterior compartment muscles are

A
  • 2 joint muscles

- EXCEPT short head of biceps femoris

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5
Q

All posterior compartment muscles innervated by

A
  • Tibial part of sciatic nerve

- ECXEPT short head of biceps femoris

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6
Q

All posterior compartment muscles supplied by

A
  • Perforating arteries of profunda femoris
  • Superior genicular branches of popliteal
  • Inferior gluteal
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7
Q

Short head of biceps femoris blood supply

A
  • Perforating arteries

- Lateral superior genicular artery (branch of popliteal)

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8
Q

Biceps femoris

A
  • 2 heads

- Long and short

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9
Q

Biceps femoris LONG head origin

A
  • Inferomedial aspect of posterior ischial tuberosity (along with semitendinosus)
  • Sacrotuberous ligament
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10
Q

Biceps femoris SHORT head origin

A
  • Inferior 2/3 of lateral lip of linea aspera

- Supracondylar line

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11
Q

Biceps femoris insertion (BOTH heads blend and have same insertion)

A
  • Lateral aspect of fibular head
  • Fibular collateral ligament
  • Lateral tibial condyle
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12
Q

Biceps femoris LONG head innervation

A
  • Tibial part of sciatic nerve
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13
Q

Biceps femoris SHORT head innervation

A
  • Common fibular part of sciatic nerve
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14
Q

Biceps femoris function

A
  • Extend thigh
  • Flex knee (leg)
  • Laterally rotate the knee
  • (Short head only flexes and laterally rotates the knee)
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15
Q

Biceps femoris tendon is palpable at

A
  • Posterolateral knee
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16
Q

Semitendinosus

A
  • Long, slender distal tendon
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17
Q

Semitendinosus origin

A
  • Inferomedial aspect of posterior ischial tuberosity (common with long head of biceps femoris)
  • Sacrotuberous ligament
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18
Q

Semitendinosus insertion

A
  • Proximal medial tibia

- Part of pes anserinus

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19
Q

Semitendinosus is palpable at

A
  • Posteromedial knee when contracted
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20
Q

Semitendinosus function

A
  • Extend thigh

- Flex/medially rotate the leg

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21
Q

Semimembranosus

A
  • Proxmial membranous tendon
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22
Q

Semimembranosus origin

A
  • Superolatral aspect of posterior ischial tuberosity
23
Q

Semimembranosus insertion

A
  • Groove on posterior aspect of medial tibial condyle
  • Oblique popliteal ligament
  • Fascia over popliteus muscle
24
Q

Oblique popliteal ligament (one of the semimembranosus insertions)

A
  • Attaches to lateral femoral condyle
25
Q

Semimembranosus function

A
  • Extend thigh

- Flex/medially rotate leg

26
Q

Pes anserinus (“gooses foot”)

A
  • Shape of the insertion of the 3 tendons
  • Proximal, medial tibia
  • One muscle from each thigh compartment
27
Q

Sartorius contribution to pes anserinus

A
  • Most anterior

- Extends more superior

28
Q

Gracilis contribution to pes anserinus

A
  • Posterior
  • More superior than semitendinosus
  • Slightly more anterior than semitendinosus
29
Q

Semitendinosus contribution to pes anserinus

A
  • Posteroinferior
30
Q

Nerves of the posterior thigh

A
  • Posterior cutaneous nerve of the thigh (S1-3)

- Sciatic nerve (L4-S3)

31
Q

Posterior cutaneous nerve of thigh level

32
Q

Posterior cutaneous nerve of thigh (S1-3) pathway

A
  • Usually medial to sciatic nerve

- Travels deep to fascia lata

33
Q

Posterior cutaneous nerve of thigh (S1-3) branches supply

A
  • Posterior thigh
  • Skin over popliteal fossa
  • Superior calf
  • Perineum
  • Gluteal region
34
Q

Gluteal region is also supplied by

A
  • Inferior cluneal nerves

- Pass around inferior edge of glut max

35
Q

Sciatic nerve level

36
Q

Sciatic nerve (L4-S3)

A
  • Largest nerve (~ 2cm wide)
37
Q

Sciatic nerve (L4-S3) passes midway between

A
  • PSIS and ischial tuberosity

- Greater trochanter and ischial tuberosity

38
Q

Sciatic nerve (L4-S3) travels deep to

A
  • Long head of biceps femoris
39
Q

Sciatic nerve (L4-S3) usually separates in

A
  • Distal thigh/popliteal fossa
40
Q

Sciatic nerve (L4-S3) separates into

A
  • Tibial nerve (L4-S3)

- Common fibular (L4-S2)

41
Q

Tibial nerve (L4-S3) travels to

A
  • Posterior leg
42
Q

Common fibular nerve (L4-S2) pathway

A
  • Passes below biceps femoris tendon

- Around head of fibula (palpable)

43
Q

Sciatic nerve (L4-S3) innervates

A
  • Posterior thigh, leg, and foot muscles

- Cutaneous innervation of most leg/foot

44
Q

Sciatic nerve (L4-S3) varies in relationship to

A
  • Piriformis muscle
45
Q

Arteries of the posterior thigh

A
  • Inferior gluteal
  • Perforating arteries
  • Popliteal artery
46
Q

Inferior gluteal artery is located

A
  • Inferior to piriformis
47
Q

Inferior gluteal artery can give off artery to

A
  • Sciatic nerve

- Supplies sciatic nerve

48
Q

Inferior gluteal artery branches supply

A
  • Gluteus maximus
  • Deep gluteal muscles
  • Proximal hamstring muscles
49
Q

Proximal hamstring muscles receiving blood supply from inferior gluteal artery

A
  • Long head of biceps femoris
  • Semitendinosus
  • Semimembranosis
50
Q

Perforating arteries branch from

A
  • Deep artery of thigh (deep femoral/profunda femoris)
51
Q

Perforating arteries pierce

A
  • Adductor magnus
52
Q

Perforating arteries supply

A
  • Posterior thigh compartment

- Inferior gluteus maximus

53
Q

Popliteal artery supplies

A
  • Distal aspect of posterior thigh muscles

- Knee joint

Lower Extremity Anatomy (35 decks)

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