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Lower Extremity Anatomy > Plantar Foot: Part 3 > Flashcards

Plantar Foot: Part 3 Flashcards

1
Q

Nerve supply to plantar foot

A
  • Medial/lateral plantar nerves
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2
Q

Lateral plantar nerve location

A
  • Found between layers 1 and 2

- Medial to lateral plantar artery

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3
Q

Lateral plantar nerve motor innervation

A
  • Abductor digiti minimi
  • Quadratus Plantae
  • Lumbricals (2-4)
  • Adductor hallucis
  • Flexor digiti minimi brevis
  • Opponens digiti minimi
  • Plantar and dorsal interossei
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4
Q

Lateran plantar nerve cutaneous innervation

A
  • Lateral 1/3 of midfoot and forefoot

- Plantar aspect of lateral 1 ½ toes and dorsal nailbeds

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5
Q

Lateral plantar nerve articular innervation

A
  • Calcaneocuboid
  • Lateral cuneonavicular
  • 3rd cuneometatarsal
  • Lateral intercuneiform (between intermediate and lateral cuneiform)
  • Cuneocuboid
  • Cuboidonavicular
  • 2-5th MTP joint
  • 2-4th intermetatarsal joint
  • 5th IP joint
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6
Q

Lateral plantar nerve branches to

A
  • ADM muscle (inferior calcaneal nerve; “Baxters nerve”)

- QP muscle

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7
Q

Superficial branch (lateral plantar nerve) muscular innervation

A
  • FDMB
  • 3rd plantar interosseous
  • 4th dorsal interosseous
  • (Interossei in the 4th intermetatarsal space)
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8
Q

Superficial branch (lateral plantar nerve) articular innervation

A
  • 4th and 5th MTP
  • 4th intermetatarsal joint (between 4th and 5th met bases)
  • 4th and 5th IP joints
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9
Q

Superficial branch (lateral plantar nerve) cutaneous innervation

A
  • Lateral plantar foot
  • Lateral and medial plantar 5th toe
  • Lateral plantar 4th toe
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10
Q

Deep branch (lateral plantar nerve) pathway

A
  • Passes deep to adductor hallucis

- Between layers 3 and 4

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11
Q

Deep branch (lateral plantar nerve) muscular innervation

A
  • Lumbricals 2-4
  • Adductor hallucis
  • Plantar interossei 1-2
  • Dorsal interossei 1-3
  • (Interossei in the 1st – 3rd intermetatarsal spaces)
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12
Q

Deep branch (lateral plantar nerve) articular innervation

A
  • 2nd and 3rd intermetatarsal joints (between 2nd and 3rd and 3rd and 4th metatarsal bases)
  • 2-4 MTP joints
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13
Q

Branches of superficial branch

A
  • Proper plantar digital nerve 10
  • 4th common plantar digital nerve
  • Communicating branch
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14
Q

Proper plantar digital nerve 10

A
  • Lateral plantar cutaneous of 5th digit
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15
Q

4th common plantar digital nerve pathway

A
  • 4th intermetatarsal space
  • Passes plantar to deep transverse metatarsal ligament
  • Becomes cutaneous near MTP joint
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16
Q

Communicating branch

A
  • Connects with 3rd common digital plantar nerve from medial plantar
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17
Q

Proper plantar digital nerves innervate

A
  • Nailbeds and dorsum of the distal digits
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18
Q

Medial plantar nerve pathway

A
  • Larger than lateral plantar nerve
  • Lateral to medial plantar artery
  • Passes within the 1st layer between abductor hallucis and FDB muscles (deep to abductor hallucis)
  • Some also say between layers 1 and 2
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19
Q

Medial plantar nerve motor innervation

A
  • Abductor hallucis
  • FDB
  • FHB
  • 1st lumbrical
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20
Q

Medial plantar nerve cutaneous innervation

A
  • Medial 2/3 of midfoot and forefoot

- Plantar aspect medial 3 ½ toes and dorsal nailbeds

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21
Q

Medial plantar nerve articular innervation

A
  • Talonavicular, cuneonavicular (medial and intermediate cuneiforms)
  • Medial intercuneiform (between medial and intermediate)
  • Joint between medial cuneiform and base of 2nd metatarsal
  • IP joints of digits 1-4
  • 1st MTP joint
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22
Q

Medial plantar nerve innervation and branching

A
  • Abductor hallucis
  • FDB
  • Branches into medial and lateral branches
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23
Q

Proper plantar digital nerve 1 (of hallux)

A
  • Cutaneous of plantar medial hallux
  • Also called the medial branch of the medial plantar nerve
  • Also supplies motor branch to FHB
24
Q

1st-3rd common plantar digital nerves pathway

A
  • Travel in their respective metatarsal spaces
  • Plantar pass plantar to deep transverse metatarsal ligament
  • Becomes cutaneous near MTP joint
  • Arise from the lateral branch of medial plantar nerve
  • Give off proper digital plantar nerves
25
Q

1st common plantar digital nerve (1st metatarsal space) motor supply

A
  • FHB

- 1st lumbrical

26
Q

2nd Common plantar digital nerve (2nd intermetatarsal space) cutaneous supply

A
  • Proper plantar digital nerve 4: lateral plantar aspect of 2nd toe
  • Proper plantar digital nerve 5: medial plantar aspect of 3rd toe
27
Q

3rd common plantar digital nerve (3rd intermetatarsal space) cutaneous supply

A
  • Proper plantar digital nerve 6: lateral plantar aspect of 3rd toe
  • Proper plantar digital nerve 7: medial plantar aspect of 4th toe
  • Receives communicating branch from lateral plantar nerve
28
Q

The proper plantar digital nerves give off

A
  • Articular branches to MTPJ and IPJ of their respective digits
29
Q

Proper digital nerves can also be called by what they innervate

A
  • Medial plantar cutaneous nerve of the hallux
  • Lateral plantar cutaneous nerve of the hallux
  • Medial plantar cutaneous nerve of the 2nd toe/digit
  • Lateral plantar cutaneous nerve of the 2nd toe/digit
  • Etc…….
30
Q

Dorsal digital nerves can also be called by what they innervate

A
  • Medial dorsal cutaneous nerve of the 2nd toe

- Medial dorsal digital nerve of the 2nd toe

31
Q

Dorsal digital nerves can also be called by what they branch from

A
  • Lateral branch of the 2nd common plantar digital nerve

- Medial branch of the 4th common plantar digital nerve

32
Q

Arterial supply to plantar foot

A
  • Lateral and medial plantar arteries

- Branch from posterior tibial within tarsal tunnel

33
Q

Lateral plantar artery

A
  • Larger than medial plantar artery
  • Passes thorough porta pedis
  • Passes between muscle layers 1 and 2 through the calcaneal compartment
  • Angled toward 5th met styloid process
34
Q

Branches of lateral plantar artery

A
  • Calcaneal branches
  • Anastomotic branches to lateral tarsal and lateral malleolar plexus
  • Proper plantar digital artery 10 (of the 5th digit): supplies lateral plantar 5th digit
  • Deep Plantar Arch
35
Q

Deep plantar arch

A
  • Continuation of lateral plantar artery at 5th met base
  • Passes along met bases medially between oblique head adductor hallucis and plantar interossei
  • Between layers 3 and 4
36
Q

Deep plantar arch anastomoses with

A
  • Deep plantar artery (terminal branch of dorsalis pedis)
37
Q

Deep plantar arch gives off (plantar)

A
  • 4 plantar metatarsal arteries that travel in intermetatarsal space in the interosseous compartment
  • Gives rise to 8 plantar digital proper arteries
38
Q

Deep plantar arch gives off (perforating)

A
  • 1 proximal and 1 distal perforating artery per intermetatarsal space
  • Both anastomose with dorsal metatarsal artery counterpart
  • The proximal connects with deep plantar arch
  • Sometimes absent
39
Q

4th plantar metatarsal artery branches

A
  • Proper plantar digital artery 9

- Proper plantar digital artery 8

40
Q

3rd plantar metatarsal artery branches

A
  • Proper plantar digital artery 7

- Proper plantar digital artery 6

41
Q

2nd plantar metatarsal artery branches

A
  • Proper plantar digital artery 5

- Proper plantar digital artery 4

42
Q

1st plantar metatarsal artery arises

A
  • At the anastomosis between deep plantar and deep plantar arch
43
Q

1st plantar metatarsal artery branches

A
  • Proper plantar digital artery 3
  • Proper plantar digital artery 2
  • Anastomosing branch branch to 1st proper plantar digital
44
Q

Medial plantar artery pathway

A
  • Anterior branch of posterior tibial artery
  • Smaller than lateral plantar
  • Pass through porta pedis
  • Passes between abductor hallucis and FDB within the 1st layer
45
Q

Superficial medial branch (medial plantar artery) pathway

A
  • 1st Proper plantar digital artery (of hallux): supplies medial plantar hallux
  • Anastomotic connection from 1st plantar metatarsal artery
  • Passes dorsal to FHL tendon
46
Q

Superficial lateral branch (medial plantar artery) pathway

A
  • Superficial plantar digital branches

- Anastomoses with 1st – 3rd plantar metatarsal arteries

47
Q

Deep branch of medial plantar artery

A
  • Forms anastomoses with deep plantar arch and dorsal circulation
48
Q

Malleolar arterial plexuses

A
  • Arterial plexuses formed around the malleoli
  • Each formed by 5 (6) arteries
    Supplies the ankle
49
Q

Medial malleolar arterial plexus

A
  • Anterior medial malleolar artery
  • Posterior medial malleolar artery
  • Branch from medial tarsal artery
  • Branch from medial plantar artery
  • Branch from medial calcaneal artery
50
Q

Lateral malleolar arterial plexus

A
  • Anterior lateral malleolar artery
  • Posterior lateral malleolar artery
  • Branch from lateral tarsal artery
  • Branch from lateral plantar artery
  • Branch from lateral calcaneal artery
  • Perforating fibular artery can also be included
51
Q

Ankle blood supply is derived from

A
  • Fibular
  • Anterior/posterior tibial
  • Dorsalis pedis
  • Medial/lateral plantar plantar arteries
52
Q

Medial/lateral planter nerve pathway

A
  • Branch in the tarsal tunnel (from tibial, deep to flexor retinaculum)
  • Passes through tarsal tunnel
  • Exits porta pedis to enter foot
53
Q

Lateral plantar nerve divides into

A
  • Superficial/deep branches

- Around base of 5th met

54
Q

Proper planter digital nerve 10 cutaneous innervation

A
  • Plantar lateral 5th toe
  • Digital tuft
  • Nail
55
Q

Proper plantar digital nerve 10 motor innervation

A
  • FDMB
  • 3rd plantar interosseous
  • 4th dorsal interosseous
56
Q

4th common plantar digital nerve branches

A
  • 8th proper plantar digital nerve (lateral plantar 4th toe)

- 9th proper plantar digital nerve (medial plantar 5th toe)

57
Q

1st common plantar digital nerve (1st metatarsal space) cutaneous

A
  • Proper plantar digital nerve 2: lateral plantar aspect of hallux
  • Proper plantar digital nerve 3: medial plantar aspect of 2nd toe

Lower Extremity Anatomy (35 decks)

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