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Lower Extremity Anatomy > Medial Thigh > Flashcards

Medial Thigh Flashcards

1
Q

Medial thigh muscles (names)

A
  • Pectineus
  • Adductor longus
  • Adductor brevis
  • Adductor magnus
  • Gracilis
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2
Q

Medial thigh muscle commonalities

A
  • Most attach proximally to pubic bone and ischiopubic ramus
  • Most innervated by obturator nerve
  • Distal attachment is on the femur
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3
Q

Medial thigh muscles functions

A
  • Hip adduction

- Hip flexion

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4
Q

Pectineus

A
  • Anterior to obturator externus

- Can be grouped with anterior compartment muscles

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5
Q

Pectineus origin

A
  • Pectineal line of pubic bone (pectin pubis)
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6
Q

Pectineus insertion

A
  • Pectineal line of femur
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7
Q

Pectineus innervation

A
  • Femoral nerve or accessory obturator or both
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8
Q

Pectineus bloody supply

A
  • Obturator artery

- Medial femoral circumflex artery

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9
Q

Pectineus function

A
  • Flexion/adduction/medial rotation of thigh
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10
Q

Adductor longus origin

A
  • Pubic body (below pubic crest)
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11
Q

Adductor longus insertion

A
  • Middle 1/3 of medial lip of linea aspera
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12
Q

Adductor longus innervation

A
  • Obturator nerve (anterior branch)
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13
Q

Adductor longus blood supply

A
  • Obturator artery
  • Profunda femoris
  • Medial femoral circumflex artery
  • Femoral artery
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14
Q

Adductor longus function

A
  • Adduct/flex thigh (especially when extended)
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15
Q

Most commonly strained adductor muscle, “pulled groin”

A
  • Adductor longus
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16
Q

Adductor brevis is a landmark for

A
  • Anterior/posterior branches of obturator nerve
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17
Q

Adductor brevis origin

A
  • Inferior pubic ramus

- Pubic body

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18
Q

Adductor brevis insertion

A
  • Pectineal line of femur

- Superior aspect of medial lip of linea aspera

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19
Q

Adductor brevis innervation

A
  • Obturator nerve (anterior branch)
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20
Q

Adductor brevis blood supply

A
  • Obturator artery

- Medial femoral circumflex artery

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21
Q

Adductor brevis function

A
  • Adduct/flex the thigh (especially when extended)
22
Q

Adductor magnus fiber orientation

A
  • Superior muscle fibers are oriented transversely (adductor minimis)
  • The middle fibers are oriented at an oblique angle
  • The inferior fibers are oriented vertically (hamstring part)
  • Hamstring part is palpable at medial knee
23
Q

Adductor magnus origin

A
  • Inferior part of inferior pubic ramus
  • Ischial ramus
  • Ischial tuberosity
24
Q

Adductor magnus insertion

A
  • Gluteal tuberosity
  • Linea aspera
  • Medial supracondylar line
  • Adductor tubercle
25
Q

Adductor magnus innervation

A
  • Posterior branch of obturator nerve (adductor part)

- Tibial part of sciatic nerve (hamstring part)

26
Q

Adductor magnus blood supply

A
  • Femoral a.
  • Medial femoral circumflex a.
  • Perforating arteries (profunda femoris)
  • Obturator a.
  • Popliteal a.
27
Q

Adductor magnus function

A
  • Adduct thigh
  • Extend the thigh (hamstring part)
  • Can also flex thigh
28
Q

Adductor hiatus

A
  • Opening between the hamstring portion and the femur

- Femoral vessles > popliteal vessels

29
Q

Gracilis muscle

A
  • Most medial and superficial

- 2 joint muscle

30
Q

Gracilis origin

A
  • Inferior pubic body
  • Inferior pubic ramus
  • Pubic symphysis (sometimes)
31
Q

Gracilis insertion

A
  • Proximal aspect of medial tibia

- Part of pes anserinus

32
Q

Gracilis innervation

A
  • Obturator nerve (anterior branch)
33
Q

Gracilis blood supply

A
  • Obturator artery
  • Medial femoral circumflex artery
  • Profunda femoris
34
Q

Gracilis function

A
  • Thigh adduction

- Flex and medial rotate leg

35
Q

Obturator artery

A
  • Branch of the internal iliac

- Exits pelvis through obturator canal

36
Q

Obturator artery supplies

A
  • Medial compartment
37
Q

Obturator artery anastomoses with

A
  • Medial femoral circumflex artery

- Inferior gluteal arteries

38
Q

Obturator artery branches

A
  • Anterior branch

- Posterior branch

39
Q

Anterior branch of obturator artery anastomoses with

A
  • Posterior branch
40
Q

Posterior branch of obturator artery supplies

A
  • Procimal aspect of hamstrings

- Acetabular artery

41
Q

Acetabular artery pathway

A
  • Passes through acetabular notch
  • Deep to transverse acetabular ligament
  • Can also arise from MFC
42
Q

Acetabular artery gives off

A
  • Artery of ligamentum teres femoris

- Major supplier of femoral head in the young child (less than 3)

43
Q

Obturator nerve (L2-4)

A
  • Enters thigh by passing through the obturator canal

- 2 branches

44
Q

Branches of obturator nerve

A
  • Anterior branch (anterior to adductor brevis)

- Posterior branch (posterior to adductor brevis)

45
Q

Anterior branch (anterior to adductor brevis) innervates

A
  • Skin over medial thigh
  • Hip joint
  • Adductor longus
  • Gracilis
  • Adductor brevis
  • Contributes to subsartorial plexus
46
Q

Posterior branch (posterior to adductor brevis) innervates

A
  • Can supply adductor brevis, less common
  • Obturator externus
  • Adductor magnus (adductor part)
  • Knee joint
47
Q

Patellar plexus innervation

A
  • Cutaneous innervation around patella
48
Q

Subsartorial plexus innervation

A
  • Located deep to sartorius
  • Around distal part of adductor longus
  • Cutaneous innervation medial thigh
49
Q

Obturator externus function

A
  • Thigh adduction
50
Q

Nerves of patellar plexus

A
  • Intermediate femoral cutaneous
  • Medial femoral cutaneous
  • Lateral femoral cutaneous
  • Saphenous nerve (infrapatellar branch)
51
Q

Nerves of the subsartorial plexus

A
  • Anterior branch of obturator nerve
  • Medial femoral cutaneous nerve
  • Saphenous nerve

Lower Extremity Anatomy (35 decks)

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