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Lower Extremity Anatomy > Internal Iliac Artery and Sacral Plexus > Flashcards

Internal Iliac Artery and Sacral Plexus Flashcards

1
Q

Internal iliac artery supplies

A
  • Pelvic region
  • Perineum
  • Gluteal regions
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2
Q

Internal iliac artery

A
  • Begins L5/S1 disc level
  • Variation in branching patterns
  • Divides into anterior/posterior divisions
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3
Q

Obturator artery pathway

A
  • Exits pelvis through obturator canal

- Gives of pubic branches

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4
Q

If obturator artery is absent

A
  • Replaced by a large pubic branch from inferior epigastric

- At risk during femoral hernia surgery

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5
Q

Internal pudendal artery pathway

A
  • Leaves pelvis between piriformis and coccygeus
  • Through GSF
  • Re-enters through LSC
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6
Q

Internal pudendal artery supplies

A
  • Perineum
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7
Q

Inferior gluteal artery pathway

A
  • Can arise from posterior division
  • Passes between S1/2 or S2/3 sacral nerves
  • Exits pelvis through GSF
  • Inferior to piriformis
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8
Q

Inferior gluteal artery supplies

A
  • Gluteal region muscles

- Sciatic nerve

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9
Q

Corona Mortis

A
  • Anastomosis between external iliac or inferior epigastric and obturator artery and/or vein
  • Common variant
  • Different patterns
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10
Q

Branches of internal iliac artery posterior division

A
  • Iliolumbar artery
  • Lateral sacral artery
  • Superior gluteal artery
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11
Q

Iliolumbar artery

A
  • 1st branch of posterior trunk
  • Ascends anterior to SI joint and lumbosacral trunk
  • Lumbar and iliac branches
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12
Q

Lumbar branch of iliolumbar artery supplies

A
  • Psoas major

- Iliacus

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13
Q

Iliac branch of iliolumbar artery supplies

A
  • Iliacus
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14
Q

Lateral sacral artery

A
  • Can be multiple branches

- Enters anterior sacral foramina

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15
Q

Lateral sacral artery supplies

A
  • Sacral ala and dorsum

- Sacral nerve roots

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16
Q

Lateral sacral artery anastomoses with

A
  • Median sacral artery
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17
Q

Superior gluteal artery pathway

A
  • Largest branch
  • Passes between lumbosacral trunk and S1 sacral nerves
  • Exits pelvis through GSF, above piriformis
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18
Q

Superficial branch of superior gluteal artery supplies

A
  • Gluteus maximus
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19
Q

Deep branch of superior gluteal artery supplies

A
  • Gluteus medius
  • Gluteus minimus
  • TFL
  • Hip
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20
Q

Median sacral artery

A
  • Posterior surface of abdominal aorta

- Descends along midline of lower lumbar and sacrum

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21
Q

Collateral circulation in pelvis, gluteal, and hip regions

A
  • Allows for continued perfusion if external iliac or femoral becomes occluded
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22
Q

Anastomoses of pelvis, gluteal, and hip regions

A
  • Gluteal and branches of profunda femoris (trochanteric and cruciate anastomoses
  • External iliac (inferior epigastric) and obturator artery
  • Obturator with medial circumflex femoral and inferior gluteal
  • Deep and superficial circumflex iliacs, iliac branch of iliolumbar and ascending branch of lateral circumflex femoral (ASIS anastomosis)
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23
Q

Sacral plexus

A
  • Ventral rami S1-S4
  • Loacated anterior to piriformis
  • Lumbosacral trunk contributes ventral rami from L4 and L5
  • Most branches exit pelvis through GSF
24
Q

Branches of sacral plexus

A
  • Superior gluteal
  • Inferior gluteal
  • Nerve to piriformis
  • Perforating cutaneous nerve
  • Sciatic
  • Posterior cutaneous nerve of thigh
  • Nerve to quadratus femoris
  • Nerve to obturator internus
  • Pudendal
25
Q

Superior gluteal nerve (dorsal divisions of L4-S1)

A
  • Passes superior to piriformis
  • Motor to gluteus medius, gluteus minimus and TFL
  • Sensory to hip joint
26
Q

Inferior gluteal nerve (dorsal divisions of L5-S2)

A
  • Passes inferior to piriformis

- Motor to gluteus maximus

27
Q

Nerve to piriformis (dorsal divisions of S1,2)

A
  • Motor to piriformis

- Doesn’t exit pelvic cavity

28
Q

Perforating cutaneous nerve (dorsal divisions of S2,3)

A
  • Pierces sacrotuberous ligament

- Sensory to skin over medial gluteal region

29
Q

Superior gluteal nerve root

A
  • Dorsal divisions of L4-S1
30
Q

Inferior gluteal nerve root

A
  • Dorsal divisions of L5-S2
31
Q

Nerve to piriformis root

A
  • Dorsal divisions of S1,2
32
Q

Perforating cutaneous nerve root

A
  • Dorsal divisions of S2,3
33
Q

Sciatic (dorsal divisions of L4-S2 and ventral divisions of L4-S3)

A
  • Sensory to hip joint
  • Will divide into the common fibular and tibial nerves
  • Major sensorimotor supplier to leg and foot
34
Q

Posterior cutaneous nerve of thigh (dorsal divisions of S1,2 and ventral divisions of S2,3)

A
  • Sensory to skin posterior thigh, popliteal fossa, upper calf
  • Gives of inferior cluneal nerves that curve around lower border of glut max to supply skin over lower gluteal region
35
Q

Nerve to quadratus femoris (ventral divisions of L4-S1)

A
  • Motor to quadratus femoris and inferior gemellus muscles

- Sensory to hip joint

36
Q

Nerve to obturator internus (ventral divisions of L5-S2)

A
  • Motor to obturator internus and superior gemellus muscles
37
Q

Pudendal (ventral divisions of S2-4)

A
  • Major motor and sensory innervation of the perineum
38
Q

Pelvic splanchnic (S2-4)

A
  • Parasympathetic
39
Q

Sciatic nerve root

A
  • Dorsal divisions of L4-S2

- Ventral divisions of L4-S3

40
Q

Posterior cutaneous nerve of thigh root

A
  • Dorsal divisions of S1,2

- Ventral divisions of S2,3

41
Q

Nerve to quadratus femoris root

A
  • Ventral divisions of L4-S1
42
Q

Nerve to obturator internus root

A
  • Ventral divisions of L5-S2
43
Q

Pudendal nerve root

A
  • Ventral divisions of S2-4
44
Q

Lumbosacral plexus roots

A
  • Ventral rami of L1-S4
45
Q

Subcostal nerve root

A
  • T12
46
Q

Iliohypogastric nerve root

A
  • Ventral division of L1
47
Q

Ilioinguinal nerve root

A
  • Ventral division of L1
48
Q

Genitofemoral nerve root

A
  • Ventral divisions of L1,2
49
Q

Lateral femoral cutaneous nerve root

A
  • Dorsal divisions of L2,3
50
Q

Nerve to psoas root

A
  • Dorsal divisions of L2-4

- Also L1

51
Q

Nerve to iliacus root

A
  • Dorsal divisions of L2-4

- Branch of femoral

52
Q

Femoral nerve root

A
  • Dorsal divisions of L2-4
53
Q

Obturator nerve root

A
  • Ventral divisions of L2-4
54
Q

Accessory obturator nerve root

A
  • Ventral divisions of L3,4
55
Q

Lumbosacral trunk root

A
  • L4,5

Lower Extremity Anatomy (35 decks)

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