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Lower Extremity Anatomy > Popliteal Fossa > Flashcards

Popliteal Fossa Flashcards

1
Q

Popliteal fossa

A
  • Diamond-shaped area posterior to knee

- Fat-filled, confined compartment

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2
Q

Popliteal fossa boundaries

A
  • Superolateral: biceps femoris
  • Superomedial: semimembranosus/semitendinosus
  • Inferolateral: lateral head of gastrocnemius, plantaris muscle
  • Inferomedial: medial head of gastrocnemius
  • Roof: skin, superficial fascia and deep fascia (popliteal fascia)
  • Floor: popliteal surface of femur, investing fascia over popliteus, knee joint capsule and oblique popliteal ligament
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3
Q

Popliteal fossa SUPEROLATERAL boundary

A
  • Biceps femoris
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4
Q

Popliteal fossa SUPEROMEDIAL boundary

A
  • Semimembranosus

- Semitendinosus

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5
Q

Popliteal fossa INFEROLATERAL boundary

A
  • Lateral head of gastrocnemius

- Plantaris muscle

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6
Q

Popliteal fossa INFEROMEDIAL boundary

A
  • Medial head of gastrocnemius
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7
Q

Popliteal fossa ROOF

A
  • Skin
  • Superficial fascia
  • Deep fascia (popliteal fascia)
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8
Q

Popliteal fossa FLOOR

A
  • Popliteal surface of femur
  • Investing fascia over popliteus
  • Knee joint capsule
  • Oblique popliteal ligament
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9
Q

Polpiteal fossa content

A
  • Small saphenous vein
  • Popliteal artery and branches
  • Popliteal vein and tributaries
  • Tibial nerve
  • Medial sural cutaneous
  • Common fibular nerves
  • Posterior cutaneous nerve of thigh
  • Popliteal lymph nodes
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10
Q

Common fibular nerves (content of popliteal fossa)

A
  • Lateral sural cutaneous nerve

- Sural communicating (fibular communicating)

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11
Q

Deep to superficial popliteal fossa content

A
  • Popliteal artery
  • Popliteal vein
  • Nerves
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12
Q

Medial to lateral politeal fossa content

A
  • Popliteal artery
  • Popliteal vein
  • Tibial nerve & common fibular nerve
  • Sciatic nerve
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13
Q

Tibial nerve (L4-S3) located in

A
  • In the superficial fascia
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14
Q

Common fibular nerve (L4-S2) pathway

A
  • Follows biceps femoris & tendon

- Passes around fibular neck

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15
Q

Tibial nerve (L4-S3) gives off

A
  • Medial sural cutaneous (S1,2)
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16
Q

Common fibular nerve gives off

A
  • Lateral sural cutaneous (L5-S2)

- Sural (fibular) communicating branch (S1,2)

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17
Q

Lateral sural cutaneous (L5-S2) supplies

A
  • Superior/lateral leg
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18
Q

Sural (fibular) communicating branch (S1,2)

A
  • Joins medial sural cutaneous

- Forms sural nerve (S1,2)

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19
Q

Popliteal sciatic nerve block

A
  • Blocks sciatic nerve superior pop fossa (or slightly above)
  • Lateral or posterior approach
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20
Q

Popliteal artery

A
  • Continuation of femoral, deep in popliteal fossa

- Supplies knee joint and surrounding musculature

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21
Q

Popliteal pulse

A
  • Difficult to feel

- Easier more superior and medial to midline

22
Q

Popliteal artery pathway

A
  • Passes into posterior leg compartment

- Deep through fibrous arch of soleus

23
Q

Branches of popliteal artery

A
  • Superior medial/lateral genicular
  • Sural arteries
  • Inferior medial/lateral genicular
  • Anterior/posterior tibial artery (terminal branches)
24
Q

Superior lateral genicular artery

A
  • Passes deep to and biceps femoris
25
Q

Superior medial genicular artery

A
  • Passes deep to medial hamstring muscles/adductor magnus above medial femoral condyle
26
Q

Sural arteries are muscular branches to

A
  • Gastrocnemius
  • Soleus
  • Plantaris
27
Q

Middle genicular artery

A
  • Pierces oblique popliteal ligament

- Supplies internal knee structures

28
Q

Inferior lateral genicular artery

A
  • Passes deep to gastrocnemius/plantaris
  • Superficial to popliteus
  • Passes around lateral tibial condyle
29
Q

Inferior medial genicular artery

A
  • Follows along superior border of popliteus

- Toward medial tibial condyle

30
Q

Anterior tibial artery (terminal branch of popliteal)

A
  • Branches off popliteal artery near inferior border of popliteus
  • Passes through superior opening of interosseous membrane
  • Enters anterior compartment
31
Q

Branches of anterior tibial artery

A
  • Posterior tibial recurrent

- Anterior tibial recurrent

32
Q

Posterior tibial recurrent artery

A
  • Branches off before entering the anterior compartment
  • Passes deep to popliteus
  • Joins with genicular anastomosis
33
Q

Anterior tibial recurrent artery

A
  • Branches right after passing through superior opening in the interosseous membrane
  • Passes superiorly to anastomose with inferior genicular arteries
34
Q

Posterior tibial artery (terminal branch of popliteal)

A
  • Deep posterior compartment
35
Q

Branches of posterior tibial artery

A
  • Circumflex fibular

- Fibular artery

36
Q

Circumflex fibular artery

A
  • Wraps around neck of fibula

- Joins with inferior genicular arteries

37
Q

Fibular artery

A
  • Descends posterior to fibula
38
Q

Anterior/posterior tibial venous drainage

A
  • Anterior/posterior tibial vein > Popliteal vein > Femoral vein
39
Q

Superior lateral genicular artery anastomoses with

A
  • Superior medial genicular
  • Inferior lateral genicular
  • Descending branch of lateral femoral circumflex
40
Q

Superior medial genicular artery anastomoses with

A
  • Superior lateral genicular
  • Inferior medial genicular
  • Descending genicular
41
Q

Inferior lateral genicular artery

anastamoses with

A
  • Inferior medial genicular
  • Superior lateral
  • Circumflex fibular
  • Anterior/posterior tibial recurrent
42
Q

Inferior medial genicular artery

anastomoses with

A
  • Inferior lateral genicular
  • Superior medial genicular
  • Anterior tibial recurrent
  • Descending genicular (saphenous branch) arteries
43
Q

Inferior medial genicular artery

supplies

A
  • Popliteus muscle
44
Q

Anterior tibial recurrent

anastomoses with

A
  • Inferor medial/lateral genicular arteries

- Circumflex fibular

45
Q

Posterior tibial recurrent

anastomoses with

A
  • Inferior genicular arteries
46
Q

Circumflex fibular artery

anastomoses with

A
  • Inferior lateral genicular

- Anterior tibial reccurent

47
Q

Descending genicular (highest genicular) artery

A
  • Last branch off of femoral artery
48
Q

Descending genicular (highest genicular) branches

A
  • Saphenous artery

- Articular branch

49
Q

Saphenous artery

A
  • Supplies medial knee
  • Joins genicular anastomosis
  • Anastomoses with inferior medial genicular artery
50
Q

Descending genicular artery anastomoses with

A
  • Inferior medial genicular artery
51
Q

Articular branch

A
  • Supplies knee joint

- Joins genicular anastomosis

52
Q

Descending branch of lateral femoral circumflex anastomoses with

A
  • Superior lateral genicular artery

Lower Extremity Anatomy (35 decks)

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