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Lower Extremity Anatomy > Anterior Thigh Part 3 > Flashcards

Anterior Thigh Part 3 Flashcards

1
Q

Anterior thigh muscles

A
  • Sartorius
  • Quadriceps
  • Rectus femoris
  • Vastus lateralis
  • Vastus intermedius
  • Vastus medialis
  • Articularis genu
  • Tensor fascia latae
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2
Q

Sartorius

A
  • 2 joint muscle
  • Longest muscle in the body
  • Travels from anterolateral thigh to posteromedial knee
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3
Q

Sartorius origin

A
  • ASIS
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4
Q

Sartorius insertion

A
  • Medial aspect of proximal tibia

- Contributes to pes anserinus

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5
Q

Sartorius innervation

A
  • Femoral nerve
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6
Q

Sartorius blood supply

A
  • Femoral artery
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7
Q

Sartorius function

A
  • Flex/abduct/lateral rotate thigh (hip)
  • Flex the leg (knee)
  • Tailors muscle
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8
Q

Quadriceps

A
  • Group of 4 muscles that form the bulk of anterior compartment
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9
Q

4 muscles contributing to quadriceps

A
  • Rectus femoris
  • Vastus medialis
  • Vastus intermedius
  • Vastus lateralis
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10
Q

Quadriceps function

A
  • Function together as knee extensors
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11
Q

Quadriceps converge to form

A
  • Patellar (quadriceps) tendon

- Attaches to patella

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12
Q

Patellar ligament

A
  • Spans from the patella to the tibial tuberosity

- Some people also call the patellar ligament the patellar tendon

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13
Q

Quadricep muscles (all 4) innervation

A
  • Femoral nerve, posterior division
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14
Q

Rectus femoris

A
  • 2 heads (origins)

- 2 joint muscle, also a hip flexor

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15
Q

Rectus femoris origin

A
  • Straight (direct) head – ASIS

- Reflected (indirect) head – ilium rim of acetabulum

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16
Q

Rectus femoris insertion

A
  • Base of patella

- Tibial tuberosity (via patellar ligament)

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17
Q

Rectus femoris blood supply

A
  • Lateral femoral circumflex (directly and via its descending branch)
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18
Q

Rectus femoris function

A
  • Extend leg

- Flex thigh

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19
Q

Most commonly strained quadriceps muscle

A
  • Rectus femoris
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20
Q

Vastus lateralis origin

A
  • Superior aspect of intertrochanteric line
  • Anterior/inferior aspect of greater trochanter
  • Gluteal tuberosity
  • Lateral lip of linea aspera
  • Intermuscular septum
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21
Q

Vastus lateralis insertion

A
  • Lateral patellar border (patellar tendon)
  • Tibial tuberosity (via patellar ligament)
  • Tibia (via lateral patellar retiaculum)
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22
Q

Vastus lateralis blood supply

A
  • Descending branch of lateral femoral circumflex artery

- Superior lateral genicular artery

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23
Q

Vastus lateralis function

A
  • Extend leg

- Pull patella laterally

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24
Q

Vastus intermedius located

A
  • Deep to rectus femoris
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25
Q

Vastus intermedius origin

A
  • Superior 2/3 of anterior and lateral shaft of femur

- Intermuscular septum

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26
Q

Vastus intermedius insertion

A
  • Base of patella (patellar tendon)

- Tibial tuberosity (via patellar ligament)

27
Q

Vastus intermedius blood supply

A
  • Descending branch of lateral femoral circumflex artery
28
Q

Vastus intermedius function

A
  • Extend the leg
29
Q

Vastus medialis

A
  • “Teardrop” visible and palpable above medial knee
30
Q

Vastus medialis origin

A
  • Inferior aspect of intertrochanteric line
  • Spiral line
  • Medial lip of linea aspera
  • Superior medial supracondylar line
  • Intermuscular septum
31
Q

Vastus medialis insertion

A
  • Medial patellar border (patellar tendon)
  • Tibial tuberosity (via patellar ligament)
  • Tibia (via medial patellar retinaculum)
32
Q

Vastus medialis blood supply

A
  • Femoral artery
  • Profunda femoris
  • Superior medial genicular atery
33
Q

Vastus medialis function

A
  • Extend the leg

- Pull patella medially

34
Q

The quadriceps aponeuroses, IT band, sartorius contribute to

A
  • Medial and lateral patellar retinacula
35
Q

Medial and lateral patellar retinacula are fibrous expansions that

A
  • Attach to the patella and tibia

- Reinforce joint capsule of the knee and help stabilize patella

36
Q

Articularis genu

A
  • Very small

- Deep to vastus intermedius

37
Q

Articularis genu origin

A
  • Distal shaft of femur
38
Q

Articularis genu insertion

A
  • Suprapatellar bursa/synovial membrane
39
Q

Articularis genu function

A
  • Pulls suprapatellar bursa superiorly

- Prevents compression within knee joint with extension

40
Q

Tensor fascia latae

A
  • Found on the lateral thigh

- Can be grouped with the gluteal muscles based on innervation

41
Q

Tensor fascia latae origin

A
  • Lateral lip of iliac crest from ASIS to tubercle of iliac crest
42
Q

Tensor fascia latae insertion

A
  • Iliotibial band (the band attaches to Gerdy’s tubercle on the lateral proximal tibia)
43
Q

Tensor fascia latae innervation

A
  • Superior gluteal nerve
44
Q

Tensor fascia latae bloody supply

A
  • Ascending branch of lateral femoral circumflex artery

- Superior gluteal arteries

45
Q

Tensor fascia latae function

A
  • Flex/abduct and medially rotate thigh

- Stabilize hip & knee during gait

46
Q

Femoral nerve (L2-4) pathway

A
  • Enters thigh by passing deep to inguinal ligament
  • Through the muscular lacuna
  • Between psoas major and iliacus
  • Lateral to femoral vessels, outside of femoral sheath, within femoral triangle
47
Q

Femoral nerve (L2-4) innervates

A
  • Anterior thigh muscles

- Hip and knee joints, cutaneous

48
Q

Femoral nerve branches

A
  • Nerve to Iliacus
  • Nerve to Pectineus
  • Anterior division (3)
49
Q

Femoral nerve anterior division

A
  • Medial femoral cutaneous (L2,3)
  • Intermediate femoral cutaneous (L2,3)
  • Nerve to sartorius
50
Q

Medial femoral cutaneous (L2,3) pathway

A
  • Follows along with Sartorius
51
Q

Medial femoral cutaneous (L2,3) supplies

A
  • Anteromedial thigh
  • Superior medial knee
  • Contributes to Patellar and Subsartorial plexuses
52
Q

Intermediate femoral cutaneous (L2,3) supplies

A
  • Supplies central anterior thigh

- Contributes to Patellar plexus

53
Q

Femoral nerve posterior division

A
  • Saphenous nerve
  • Branches to quadriceps femoris muscles
  • Branch to knee and hip joinrs
54
Q

Saphenous nerve (L3,4) pathway

A
  • Travels with femoral vessels in adductor canal

- Becomes superficial inferomedial thigh

55
Q

Saphenous nerve (L3,4) supplies

A
  • Skin of medial half of leg and patellar surface
  • Contributes to Patellar and Subsartorial plexuses
  • Medial side of the foot (portion of the medial arch)
56
Q

Branches to quadriceps femoris muscles

A
  • They are named by what they intervate

- Nerve to vastus intermedius, etc…

57
Q

Adductor canal (Subsartorial canal, Hunter’s canal)

A
  • Located middle 1/3 of thigh, deep to Sartorius
  • Between anterior and medial compartments
  • Begins at apex of femoral triangle, ends at the aductor hiatus
58
Q

Adductor canal (Subsartorial canal, Hunter’s canal) boundaries

A
  • Anterolateral: vastus medialis
  • Posterior: adductor longus and adductor magnus
  • Anteromedial: Sartorius muscle
59
Q

Adductor canal (Subsartorial canal, Hunter’s canal) contents

A
  • Femoral artery/vein
  • Nerve to vastus intermedius
  • Saphenous nerve
60
Q

Femoral artery in adductor canal

A
  • Becomes anterior to vein inferiorly
61
Q

Femoral vein in adductor canal becomes

A
  • Descending genicular artery
62
Q

Most lateral content in adductor canal

A
  • Nerve to vastus medialis

Most lateral in adductor canal

63
Q

Saphenous nerve in adductor canal

A
  • Will pierce fascia and become cutaneous
  • Travels with great saphenous vein
  • Does not pass through adductor hiatus
64
Q

At adductor hiatus, femoral vessels pass through and become

A
  • Popliteal vessels (in popliteal fossa)

Lower Extremity Anatomy (35 decks)

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