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Lower Extremity Anatomy > Lateral Compartment of the Leg > Flashcards

Lateral Compartment of the Leg Flashcards

1
Q

Lateral compartment of the leg formed by

A
  • Fibula

- Anterior/posterior intermuscular septa

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2
Q

Muscles of lateral compartment

A
  • Fibularis longus
  • Fibularis brevis
  • Peroneus (fibularis) quartus
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3
Q

Muscles of the lateral compartment attach

A
  • Proximally to lateral fibular shaft
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4
Q

Lateral compartment tendons are visible at

A
  • Lateral ankle

- Posterior to lateral malleolus (retromalleolar groove)

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5
Q

Lateral compartment muscles function

A
  • Evertors

- Aid in plantarflexion

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6
Q

Lateral compartment muscles innervated by

A
  • Superficial fibular nerve
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7
Q

Blood supply to lateral compartment

A
  • Perforating branches from fibular artery and anterior tibial
  • Branches pierce the intermuscular septa
  • No major artery located in the lateral compartment
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8
Q

Fibularis longus origin

A
  • Fibular head
  • Proximal ½ of lateral fibular shaft
  • Crural fascia
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9
Q

Fibularis longus insertion

A
  • Lateral/plantar aspect of medial cuneiform

- 1st metatarsal (tuberosity)

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10
Q

Fibularis longus pathway

A
  • Posterior to lateral malleolus within fibular groove
  • Deep to superior fibular retinaculum
  • Inferior to peroneal (fibular) trochlea, deep to inferior fibular retinaculum
  • Fibular sulcus and groove of cuboid (inferior surface), crosses sole of foot to insert on medial side
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11
Q

Groove of cuboid

A
  • Converted to tunnel by the long plantar ligament
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12
Q

Fibularis longus function

A
  • Eversion and plantarflexion
  • (Pronates subtalar and midtarsal joints)
  • Helps support 1st metatarsal during during propulsion
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13
Q

Fibularis brevis origin

A
  • Distal ½ of lateral fibular shaft and crural fascia
  • Originates medial and inferior to fibularis longus
  • Anterior to fibularis longus as they pass around the lateral malleolus
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14
Q

Fibularis brevis insertion

A
  • Styloid process of 5th metatarsal
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15
Q

Fibularis brevis pathway

A
  • Posterior to lateral malleolus (anterior to fibularis longus tendon)
  • Deep to superior fibular retinaculum
  • Superior to peroneal trochlea, deep to inferior fibular retinaculum
  • Heads anteriorly toward its insertion
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16
Q

Fibularis brevis tendon is located

A
  • Anterior to fibularis longus tendon at the ankle
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17
Q

Fibularis brevis function

A
  • Eversion and plantarflexion

- (Pronation of subtalar joint)

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18
Q

Peroneus (fibularis) quartus

A
  • Common accessory muscle (10-26%)
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19
Q

Peroneus (fibularis) quartus origin can be either

A
  • The actual muscle belly of fibularis brevis or fibularis longus
  • Lateral fibular shaft between origins of the fibularis longus and brevis
20
Q

Peroneus (fibularis) quartus insertion

A
  • Retrotrochlear eminence
  • Cuboid
  • 5th met base
21
Q

Peroneus (fibularis) quartus can cause

A
  • Overcrowding of the retromalleolar region/fibular groove

- This can cause degeneration/dislocation of the fibularis brevis

22
Q

Synovial sheaths of lateral compartment muscle tendons

A
  • Fibular synovial sheath

- Superior/inferior fibular (peroneal) retinacula

23
Q

Fibular synovial sheath

A
  • Begins immediately superior to lateral malleolus (~4cm above)
  • Divides at fibular trochlea
  • Ends at the level of the cuboid
24
Q

Fibular synovial sheath tendons share

A
  • A sheath proximally as they pass posterior to lateral malleolus in the retromalleolar groove
25
Q

Fibular synovial sheath are separated by

A
  • Fascial extensions of the inferior fibular retinaculum that attaches to peroneal trochlea
26
Q

The fibularis longus tendon has a synovial sheath

A
  • As it passes along the plantar foot

- May or may not communicate with the proximal fibular synovial sheath

27
Q

Fibular (peroneal retinacula)

A
  • Thickening of crural fascia and deep fascia of the foot (pedis fascia)
  • Anchor tendons of lateral compartment
28
Q

Superior fibular retinaculum

A
  • Continuous with superior extensor retinaculum (transverse crural ligament)
  • Creates pulley for tendons as they pass posterior to lateral malleolus
29
Q

Superior fibular retinaculum attaches

A
  • Posteroinferior lateral malleolus

- Retrotrochlear eminence

30
Q

Inferior fibular retinaculum

A
  • Continuous with stem (frondiform ligament) of inferior extensor retinaculum
31
Q

Inferior fibular retinaculum attaches

A
  • Sinus tarsi
  • Peroneal trochlea
  • Lateral calcaneus
32
Q

Lateral compartment blood supply

A
  • Branches from fibular and anterior tibial arteries penetrate through the anterior and posterior intermuscular septa
33
Q

Lateral compartment nerve supply

A
  • Common fibular nerve (L4-S2)

- Superficial fibular nerve (L4-S1)

34
Q

Common fibular nerve (L4-S2) pathway

A
  • From sciatic nerve
  • Passes around fibular neck
  • Enters lateral compartment by passing through posterior intermuscular septum
  • Pierces through fibularis longus
  • Bifurcates
35
Q

Common fibular nerve (L4-S2) bifurcates into terminal branches

A
  • Deep fibular nerve

- Superficial fibular nerve

36
Q

Superficial fibular nerve (L4-S1) pathway

A
  • Arises from common fibular in the lateral compartment
  • Descends between the fibularis muscles
  • Pierces anterolateral crural fascia in the distal 1/3 of leg
37
Q

Superficial fibular nerve (L4-S1) supplies

A
  • Lateral compartment muscles

- Cutaneous innervation to distal anterolateral leg, dorsum of foot

38
Q

Branches of superficial fibular nerve (L4-S1)

A
  • Medial dorsal cutaneous nerve

- Intermediate dorsal cutaneous

39
Q

Medial dorsal cutaneous nerve supplies

A
  • Dorsomedial midfoot
  • Cutaneous to medial hallux and adjacent 2nd and 3rd digit
  • Branches will give rise to 3 digital branches
40
Q

Intermediate dorsal cutaneous

supplies

A
  • Dorsolateral midfoot
  • Cutaneous to adjacent 3rd and 4th, 4th and 5th digits
  • Branches will give rise to 4 digital branches
41
Q

Branches of medial dorsal cutaneous

A
  • Proper dorsal digital nerve 1 (dorsomedial hallux)
  • 1st common dorsal digital nerve (2nd intermetatarsal space)
  • 4th proper dorsal digital nerve (dorsolateral 2nd toe)
  • 5th proper dorsal digital nerve (dorsomedial 3rd toe)
42
Q

Branches of intermediate dorsal cutaneous nerve

A
  • 2nd common dorsal digital nerve (3rd intermetatarsal space)
  • 6th proper dorsal digital nerve (dorsolateral 3rd toe)
  • 7th proper dorsal digital nerve (dorsomedial 4th toe)
  • 3rd common dorsal digital nerve (4th intermetatarsal space)
  • 8th proper dorsal digital nerve (dorsolateral 4th toe)
  • 9th proper dorsal digital nerve (dorsomedial 5th toe)
43
Q

Lateral dorsal cutaneous (after lateral malleolus)

A
  • Continuation of sural

- Supplies lateral foot border

44
Q

Branch of lateral dorsal cutaneous nerve

A
  • 10th proper dorsal digital nerve (dorsolateral 5th toe)

- Continuation of lateral dorsal cutaneous

45
Q

Saphenous nerve supplies

A
  • Medial midfoot/arch and medial ankle

Lower Extremity Anatomy (35 decks)

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