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Lower Extremity Anatomy > Dorsum of the Foot > Flashcards

Dorsum of the Foot Flashcards

1
Q

Muscles of the dorsum of the foot

A
  • Extensor digitorum brevis

- Extensor hallucis brevis

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2
Q

Extensor digitorum brevis origin

A
  • Sinus tarsi
  • Superolateral calcaneus
  • Interosseous talocalcaneal ligament
  • Cruciate crural ligament
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3
Q

Extensor digitorum brevis insertion

A
  • Lateral aspect of EDL tendons 2-4
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4
Q

Extensor digitorum brevis innervation

A
  • Lateral terminal branch of deep fibular
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5
Q

Extensor digitorum brevis blood supply

A
  • Lateral tarsal artery
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6
Q

Extensor digitorum brevis function

A
  • Dorsiflex toes 2-4
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7
Q

Extensor hallucis brevis

A
  • Tendon crosses dorsal to dorsalis pedis artery
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8
Q

Extensor hallucis brevis origin

A
  • Sinus tarsi
  • Superolateral calcaneus
  • Interosseous talocalcaneal ligament
  • Cruciate crural ligament
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9
Q

Extensor hallucis brevis insertion

A
  • Dorsal aspect of proximal phalanx of hallux
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10
Q

Extensor hallucis brevis innervation

A
  • Lateral terminal branch of deep fibular
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11
Q

Extensor hallucis brevis blood supply

A
  • Lateral tarsal artery
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12
Q

Extensor hallucis brevis function

A
  • Dorsifelx hallux
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13
Q

Arteries of dorsum of foot

A
  • Dorsalis pedis

- Dorsal metatarsal arteries

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14
Q

Dorsalis pedis artery

A
  • Continuation of anterior tibial artery

- Can arise from the perforating fibular artery (variation)

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15
Q

Dorsalis pedis location

A
  • Between the tendons of EHL and EDL (lateral to EHL)

- Deep to muscles/tendons, cruciate crural ligament (inferior ext retinaculum)

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16
Q

Branches of dorsalis pedis artery

A
  • Medial/lateral tarsal arteries
  • Arcuate artery
  • 1st dorsal metatarsal (terminal branch)
  • Deep plantar artery (terminal branch)
  • Artery of the sinus tarsi (sometimes)
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17
Q

Lateral tarsal artery

A
  • Can be more than 1

- Deep to EDB & EHB

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18
Q

Lateral tarsal artery supplies

A
  • Bones, joints, and ligaments that it passes by
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19
Q

Lateral tarsal artery anastomoses with

A
  • Lateral malleolar plexus
  • Perforating fibular
  • Arcuate
  • Lateral plantar
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20
Q

Medial tarsal artery

A
  • A couple of small branches
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21
Q

Medial tarsal artery supplies

A
  • Bones, joints, ligaments that it passes
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22
Q

Medial tarsal artery anastomoses with

A
  • Medial malleolar network

- Medial plantar artery

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23
Q

Arcuate artery (much varation)

A
  • Passes laterally across met bases

- Gives off 2-4 metatarsal arteries

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24
Q

If arcuate artery is absent

A
  • Lateral tarsal artery can take over area
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25
Q

Deep plantar artery (terminal branch) pathway

A
  • Passes through proximal end of intermetatarsal space
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26
Q

Deep plantar artery (terminal branch) anastomoses with

A
  • Lateral plantar artery on plantar side of foot
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27
Q

Artery to sinus tarsi arises from the anastomotic connection with

A
  • Lateral tarsal artery

- Perforating fibular artery

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28
Q

Dorsal metatarsal arteries are found in

A
  • Intermetatarsal space on top of the dorsal interossei
29
Q

Branches of 1st Dorsal metatarsal (terminal branch of dorsalis pedis)

A
  • 1st dorsal digital artery (medial 1st toe)
  • 2nd dorsal digital artery (lateral 1st toe)
  • 3rd dorsal digital artery (medial 2nd toe)
  • Distal perforator (anastomosis with 1st plantar metatarsal)
  • Nutrient artery to 1st metatarsal
30
Q

Branches from arcuate artery

A
  • 2nd, 3rd, and 4th dorsal metatarsal

- Proper dorsal digital artery of 5th digit

31
Q

2nd dorsal metatarsal artery gives off

A
  • 4th dorsal digital artery (lateral 2nd toe)
  • 5th dorsal digital artery (medial 3rd toe)
  • Proximal and distal perforators
32
Q

3rd dorsal metatarsal artery (from arcuate artery) gives off

A
  • 6th dorsal digital artery (lateral 3rd toe)
  • 7th dorsal digital artery (medial 4th toe)
  • Proximal and distal perforators
33
Q

4th dorsal metatarsal artery (from arcuate artery) gives off

A
  • 8th dorsal digital artery (lateral 4th toe)
  • 9th dorsal digital artery (medial 5th toe)
  • Proximal and distal perforators
34
Q

Proper dorsal digital artery of 5th digit gives off

A
  • 10th dorsal digital artery
  • Lateral side of 5th toe
  • Can branch off 4th metatarsal artery or arcuate artery
35
Q

The perforating arteries communicate with

A
  • Plantar metatarsal arteries
36
Q

Perforating arteries location

A
  • Proximal located around met base

- Distal around MPJ

37
Q

Plantar arteries can be a major source of

A
  • Dorsal metatarsal arteries
38
Q

Common fibular nerve (L4-S2) pathway

A
  • Passes around fibular neck
  • Enters lateral compartment via posterior intermuscular septum
  • Bifurcates into terminal branches
39
Q

Common fibular nerve (L4-S2) terminal branches

A
  • Deep fibular nerve

- Superficial fibular nerve

40
Q

Common fibular nerve (L4-S2) arises from

A
  • Sciatic nerve
41
Q

Anterior and lateral compartment, dorsum of the foot nerve supply (names)

A
  • Common fibular (L4-S2)
  • Medial/lateral terminal branches of deep fibular nerve
  • Superficial fibular nerve (L4-S1)
42
Q

Lateral terminal branch of deep fibular nerve innervates

A
  • EHB
  • EDB
  • Joints of lateral foot
43
Q

Medial terminal branch of deep fibular nerve communicates with

A
  • Superficial fibular nerve

- (communicating branch of superficial fibular nerve)

44
Q

Medial terminal branch of deep fibular nerve innervates

A
  • 1st dorsal interossei muscle

- Joints of medial foot

45
Q

Branches of medial terminal branch

A
  • Proper dorsal digital nerve 2

- Proper dorsal digital nerve 3

46
Q

Proper dorsal digital nerve 2

A
  • Cutaneous innervation of dorsolateral hallux
47
Q

Proper dorsal digital nerve 3

A
  • Cutaneous innervation of dorsomedial 2nd toe
48
Q

Injury to Deep fibular nerve can result in

A
  • Footdrop (increased tripping with gait)
  • Weak toe extension
  • Weak ankle dorsiflexion
  • Steppage gait
  • Altered sensation 1st web space
49
Q

Superficial fibular nerve (L4-S1)

arises from

A
  • Common fibular in the lateral compartment
50
Q

Superficial fibular nerve (L4-S1) pathway

A
  • Descends between the fibularis muscles

- Pierces anterolateral crural fascia in the distal 1/3 of leg

51
Q

Superficial fibular nerve (L4-S1)

muscular innervation

A
  • Lateral compartment muscles

- (Descends between fibularis muscles)

52
Q

Superficial fibular nerve (L4-S1)

cutaneous innervation

A
  • Distal anterolateral leg
  • Dorsum of foot
  • (Pierces anterolateral crural fascia in distal 1/3 of leg)
53
Q

Branches of the superficial fibular nerve (L4-S1)

A
  • Medial dorsal cutaneous

- Intermediate dorsal cutaneous

54
Q

Medial dorsal cutaneous nerve innervates

A
  • Medial hallux
  • Adjacent 2nd and 3rd digit
  • Branches will give rise to 3 digital branches
55
Q

Intermediate dorsal cutaneous nerve innervates

A
  • Adjacent 3rd and 4th, 4th and 5th digits
  • Branches will give rise to 4 digital branches
  • Lateral ankle
  • (NOT the lateral side of the 5th digit)
56
Q

Injury to superficial fibular nerve may be caused by

A
  • Chronic inversion ankle sprains
57
Q

Injury to superficial fibular nerve (chronic inversion ankle sprains) symptoms

A
  • Loss of eversion

- Altered sensation dorsum of foot

58
Q

Medial dorsal cutaneous (crosses ankle centrally) supplies

A
  • Dorsomedial midfoot
59
Q

Branches of medial dorsal cutaneous

A
  • P-roper dorsal digital nerve 1 (dorsomedial hallux)
    1st common dorsal digital nerve (2nd intermetatarsal space)
  • 4th proper dorsal digital nerve (dorsolateral 2nd toe)
  • 5th proper dorsal digital nerve (dorsomedial 3rd toe)
  • Communicating branch to deep fibular nerve
60
Q

Intermediate dorsal cutaneous nerve (anterior to lateral malleolus) supplies

A
  • Dorsolateral midfoot
61
Q

Branches of intermediate dorsal cutaneous nerve

A
  • 2nd common dorsal digital nerve (3rd intermetatarsal space)
  • 6th proper dorsal digital nerve (dorsolateral 3rd toe)
  • 7th proper dorsal digital nerve (dorsomedial 4th toe)
  • 3rd common dorsal digital nerve (4th intermetatarsal space)
  • 8th proper dorsal digital nerve (dorsolateral 4th toe)
  • 9th proper dorsal digital nerve (dorsomedial 5th toe)
62
Q

Lateral dorsal cutaneous (after lateral malleolus)

A
  • Continuation of sural

- Supplies lateral foot border

63
Q

Branches of lateral dorsal cutaneous

A
  • 10th proper dorsal digital nerve (dorsolateral 5th toe)

- Continuation of lateral dorsal cutaneous

64
Q

Saphenous nerve supplies

A
  • Medial midfoot/arch

- Medial ankle

65
Q

Superior leg (relationships)

A
  • Anterior tibial artery and deep fibular nerve are between TA and EDL
66
Q

Inferior leg (relationships)

A
  • Anterior tibial artery and deep fibular nerve are between TA and EXL
67
Q

Distal to ankle joint (relationships)

A
  • Dorsalis pedis and deep fibular nerve are between EHL and EDL
68
Q

Medial terminal branch of deep fibular nerve pathway

A
  • Follows dorsalis pedis and 1st dorsal metatarsal arteries

Lower Extremity Anatomy (35 decks)

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