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Clinical Chemistry > Plasma Lipid Analysis > Flashcards

Plasma Lipid Analysis Flashcards

1
Q

chemical method for cholesterol uses

A

alcoholic KOH

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2
Q

product in cholesterol chemical method

A

cholesterol and fatty acids

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3
Q

method involving colorimetry, mix, incubate, and measure to analyze cholesterol levels

A

1-step Method

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4
Q

method involving colorimetry and extraction to analyze cholesterol levels

A

2-step Method

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5
Q

method involving colorimetry, extraction, and saponification for cholesterol analysis

A

3-step Method

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6
Q

method involving colorimetry, extraction, saponification, and precipitation for cholesterol analysis

A

4-step Method

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7
Q

reagent used in Liebermann-Burchardt reaction

A

acetic anhydride

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8
Q

color produced in Liebermann-Burchardt reaction

A

green cholestadienyl monosulfonic acid

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9
Q

reagent used in Salkowski reaction

A

Fe3+

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10
Q

color produced in Salkowski reaction

A

red cholestadienyl disulfonic acid

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11
Q

CDC reference method for cholesterol measurement

A

Modified Abell-Kendall Method

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12
Q

enzymatic method for cholesterol uses

A

peroxidase catalyzed dye oxidation

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13
Q

enzymes used in cholesterol enzymatic method

A

cholesterol esterase, cholesterol oxidase, peroxidase

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14
Q

product of enzymatic cholesterol method

A

quinonimine dye (red)

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15
Q

chromogen used in enzymatic cholesterol method

A

4-aminophenazone, 4-aminoantitipyrine

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16
Q

desirable cholesterol level

A

<200 mg/dL

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17
Q

borderline high cholesterol level

A

200–239 mg/dL

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18
Q

high cholesterol level

A

≥240 mg/dL

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19
Q

moderate risk for CHD in ages 2-19

A

≥170 mg/dL

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20
Q

high risk for CHD in ages 2-19

A

≥185 mg/dL

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21
Q

moderate risk for CHD in ages 20-29

A

≥200 mg/dL

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22
Q

high risk for CHD in ages 20-29

A

≥220 mg/dL

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23
Q

moderate risk for CHD in ages 30-39

A

> 220 mg/dL

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24
Q

high risk for CHD in ages 30-39

A

≥240 mg/dL

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25
Q

moderate risk for CHD in ages 40+

A

≥240 mg/dL

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26
Q

high risk for CHD in ages 40+

A

≥260 mg/dL

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27
Q

Chemical method used for triglyceride analysis

A

Alcoholic KOH

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28
Q

Product formed in triglyceride chemical method

A

formaldehyde (HCHO)

Glycerol + O2 —periodic acid→ formaldehyde (HCHO)

Initial product is Glycerol and 3 fatty acid

29
Q

Color observed in colorimetric triglyceride method (Van Handel-Zilversmith)

A

Pink (CDC), Blue

30
Q

Reagent used in Van Handel-Zilversmith method for triglycerides

A

Chromotropic acid

31
Q

Color observed in fluorometric triglyceride method (Hantzch)

32
Q

Reagent used in fluorometric triglyceride method

A

Diacetyl acetone

33
Q

Enzyme used in triglyceride enzymatic method

34
Q

Enzyme used to convert glycerol to glycerophosphate

A

Glycerokinase

35
Q

Enzyme involved in peroxidase-catalyzed dye oxidation for triglycerides

A

Peroxidase

36
Q

Absorbance measurement wavelength for triglyceride analysis

37
Q

Enzyme involved in converting glycerophosphate to dihydroxyacetone phosphate

A

Glycerophosphate dehydrogenase

38
Q

Enzyme required for triglyceride hydrolysis

39
Q

Enzyme that reacts with chromogen in peroxidase-catalyzed dye oxidation

A

Peroxidase

40
Q

Normal triglyceride reference value

A

< 150 mg/dL

41
Q

Borderline high triglyceride reference value

A

150–199 mg/dL

42
Q

High triglyceride reference value

A

200–499 mg/dL

43
Q

Very high triglyceride reference value

A

≥ 500 mg/dL

44
Q

Plasma appearance for triglycerides <200 mg/dL

45
Q

Plasma appearance for triglycerides >300 mg/dL

A

Hazy or turbid

46
Q

Plasma appearance for triglycerides >600 mg/dL

A

Opaque and milky

47
Q

Hypertriglyceridemia is associated with which conditions?

A

Hyperlipoproteinemia types 1, 3, 4, 5, 2b, nephrotic syndrome, alcoholism, pancreatitis, hypothyroidism

48
Q

Hypotriglyceridemia is associated with which conditions?

A

Malnutrition, malabsorption syndrome, hyperthyroidism

49
Q

Method for HDL-C measurement involving sample density adjustment with potassium bromide

A

Ultracentrifugation

50
Q

Substance used in the homogeneous (direct assay) method for HDL-C to block non-HDL lipoproteins

A

Antibody to apo B-100

51
Q

Method using polyanion-divalent cations for HDL-C measurement

A

Precipitation followed by POD-coupled cholesterol determination

52
Q

CDC reference method for HDL-C measurement

A

Ultracentrifugation, heparin-Mn2+ precipitation, and Abell-Kendall assay

53
Q

Reference value indicating high risk for CHD in HDL-C

A

< 40 mg/dL

54
Q

Desirable reference value for HDL-C

A

> 60 mg/dL

55
Q

Method for LDL-C measurement involving ultracentrifugation and precipitation to remove VLDL and HDL

A

β Quantification

56
Q

Homogeneous method for LDL-C using _________ to block or solubilize non-LDL lipoproteins

A

Detergents or other chemicals

57
Q

Friedewald equation for calculating VLDL in mg/dL

A

VLDL = TG / 5

58
Q

De Long equation for calculating VLDL in mg/dL

A

VLDL = TG / 6.5

59
Q

Condition when Friedewald calculation for LDL is unreliable

A

When TG levels are >200 mg/dL; unacceptably high error at TG >400 mg/dL

60
Q

Optimal reference value for LDL-C

A

< 100 mg/dL

61
Q

LDL-C level considered very high

A

≥ 190 mg/dL

62
Q

Acceptable total error for cholesterol measurements according to NCEP guidelines

63
Q

Acceptable CV and Bias for cholesterol measurements according to NCEP guidelines

A

CV ≤ 3%; Bias ≤ 3%

64
Q

Acceptable total error for triglyceride measurements according to NCEP guidelines

65
Q

Acceptable CV and Bias for triglyceride measurements according to NCEP guidelines

A

CV ≤ 5%; Bias ≤ 5%

66
Q

Acceptable total error for LDL-C measurements according to NCEP guidelines

67
Q

Acceptable CV and Bias for LDL-C measurements according to NCEP guidelines

A

CV ≤ 4%; Bias ≤ 4%

68
Q

Acceptable total error for HDL-C measurements according to NCEP guidelines

69
Q

Acceptable CV and Bias for HDL-C measurements according to NCEP guidelines

A

CV ≤ 4%; Bias ≤ 5%

Clinical Chemistry (43 decks)

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