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Clinical Chemistry > Laboratory Equipment and Supplies > Flashcards

Laboratory Equipment and Supplies Flashcards

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1
Q

Type of glass that tolerates heat, sterilization but has low chemical resistance.

A

Borosilicate (Pyrex, Kimax)

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2
Q

Glass that is 6x stronger than borosilicate and resists scratches and alkali attack.

A

Aluminosilicate (Corex)

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3
Q

Glass with excellent heat, chemical, and electrical tolerance, used for drastic heat shock and acid/alkali treatment.

A

High Silica (Vycor)

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4
Q

Glass that melts when heated, is boron-free, and has high chemical resistance.

A

Soft glass

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5
Q

Most inexpensive glass that releases alkali, causing errors in tests.

A

Flint glass (soda lime glass)

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6
Q

Amber-colored glass used to reduce light transmission for photosensitive substances.

A

Low actinic glass

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7
Q

Plastic materials that are autoclavable.

A

Teflon, Polypropylene, Polycarbonate

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8
Q

Plastic with excellent temperature and chemical resistance.

A

Teflon

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9
Q

Plastic resistant to chemicals, tolerates heat, and is used for pipet tips and cryogenic storage.

A

Polypropylene

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10
Q

Plastic stronger than polypropylene but with lower chemical resistance, used for centrifuge tubes.

A

Polycarbonate

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11
Q

Non-autoclavable plastic materials.

A

Polyethylene, Polystyrene, Polyvinyl chloride

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12
Q

Plastic resistant to most chemicals except concentrated acids, used for alkaline solution storage.

A

Polyethylene

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13
Q

Rigid, clear plastic used for test tubes and graduated tubes.

A

Polystyrene

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14
Q

Soft, flexible, porous plastic often used as tubing.

A

Polyvinyl chloride

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15
Q

Pipette design that holds but does not deliver the exact volume.

A

To Contain (TC)

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16
Q

Pipette design that delivers the exact volume it holds.

A

To Deliver (TD)

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17
Q

Pipette with an etched ring or band near the mouth, requiring blow-out.

A

Blow-out pipette

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18
Q

Pipettes that drain by gravity.

A

Self-draining pipettes

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19
Q

Examples of pipettes designed to contain (TC).

A

Sahli pipette, Lang-Levy, Glass micropipettes

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20
Q

Pipette with a cylindrical bulb, single capacity, and self-draining for nonviscous samples.

A

Volumetric pipette

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21
Q

Pipette with an oval bulb, calibrated to contain (C.M) 1 mL, used for viscous fluids.

A

Ostwald-Folin pipette

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22
Q

Pipette graduated to the tip and requiring blow-out.

A

Serologic pipette

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23
Q

Pipette with point-to-point delivery, self-draining, and requires controlled drainage.

A

Mohr pipette

24
Q

Uses of measuring/graduated pipettes.

A

Serial dilution; measuring reagents

25
Q

Types of semi-automatic micropipettors.

A

Air displacement, Positive displacement

26
Q

Micropipettor that uses suction with a disposable polypropylene tip and no piston contact with liquid.

A

Air displacement micropipettor

27
Q

Micropipettor that operates like a syringe, with no air cushion and constant aspiration for viscous/high-density samples.

A

Positive displacement micropipettor

28
Q

Components of an air displacement pipettor.

A

Piston with air cushion; disposable polypropylene tip

29
Q

Components of a positive displacement pipettor.

A

Disposable piston, disposable capillary, disposable seal

30
Q

Application of positive displacement micropipettor.

A

Discrete automated systems for viscous/high-density samples

31
Q

Calibration frequency

A

Every 6 months

32
Q

Gravimetric method

A

Weight of distilled water (d=1g/mL, 20°C) using analytical balance for accuracy

33
Q

Spectrophotometric method

A

Absorbance of colored solution (K dichromate or p-nitrophenol) delivered

34
Q

Horizontal or swinging bucket centrifuge

A

Max speed 3000 RPM, tubes horizontal during spinning, good for decantation

35
Q

Fixed-angle centrifuge

A

Tubes at fixed angle, capable of up to 7000 RPM, less heat build-up

36
Q

Ultracentrifuge

A

Up to 100,000 RPM, refrigerated for lipoprotein separation, gold standard

37
Q

Cytocentrifuge

A

Used for body fluid cell counts, speed range 200-2000 RPM

38
Q

Units used for centrifuge speed

A

RPM, RCF (g), Svedberg (S)

39
Q

Formula to convert rpm to RCF

A

1.118 x 10^-5 x r (cm) x RPM

40
Q

Centrifuge QC parameters

A

Timer, speed check, refrigerated centrifuge temp check using tachometer

41
Q

Centrifuge calibration frequency

A

Every 3 months

42
Q

Analytic Reagent Grade (ACS) chemicals

A

High purity suitable for most analytical procedures

43
Q

Ultrapure Grades chemicals

A

Used for chromatography, AAS, immunoassays, molecular diagnostics

44
Q

Chemically Pure Grade chemicals

A

Impurity limitations not stated, not suitable for research without further purification

45
Q

USP/NF Grade chemicals

A

Used for drug manufacture, purity may not meet assay requirements

46
Q

Technical/Commercial Grade chemicals

A

Not suitable for clinical laboratory use

47
Q

Primary standard

A

Highly purified chemical with known concentration and purity

48
Q

Secondary standard

A

Lower purity, concentration determined by comparison with primary standard or SRM

49
Q

Max colony count (CFU/mL) Type I

A

<10

50
Q

Max colony count (CFU/mL) Type II

A

<1000

51
Q

Max colony count (CFU/mL) Type III

A

Not specified

52
Q

pH of Type III

A

5.0 to 8.0

53
Q

Silicate (mg/L SiO2) Type I

A

0.05

54
Q

Silicate (mg/L SiO2) Type II

A

0.1

55
Q

Silicate (mg/L SiO2) Type III

A

1

Clinical Chemistry (35 decks)

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