MICRONUTRIENTS

Question 1

Formula for % saturation or transferrin saturation

Answer 1

(Serum Fe / TIBC) x 100

Question 2

Reference range for % saturation or transferrin saturation

Answer 2

20-50%

Question 3

Reference range for ferritin (women)

Answer 3

12-125 µg/L

Question 4

Reference range for ferritin (men)

Answer 4

30-250 µg/L

Question 5

Characteristic finding that shows decreased serum iron, % saturation, and ferritin

Answer 5

Iron deficiency anemia (↑TIBC)

Question 6

Characteristic finding that shows decreased serum iron, % saturation, and TIBC, with increased ferritin

Answer 6

Anemia of chronic inflammation

Question 7

Characteristic finding that shows increased serum iron, % saturation, and ferritin with decreased TIBC

Answer 7

Hemochromatosis (iron overload)

Question 8

Relationship of Ferritin and TIBC”.”Inversely proportional

Question 9

Characteristic finding that shows deficiency in zinc

Answer 9

Acrodermatitis enteropathica, Chronic liver and kidney disease, Alcoholism, diets low in zinc

Question 10

Characteristic finding that shows overload/toxicity of zinc

Answer 10

Administration of high doses, Exposure to ZnO fumes

Question 11

Characteristic finding that shows deficiency in copper

Answer 11

Chronic copper loss, Aceruloplasminemia, Menke’s syndrome (kinky hair)

Question 12

Characteristic finding that shows overload/toxicity of copper

Answer 12

Wilson’s disease (failure to excrete Cu in bile), Excess copper in liver, brain, eyes (Kayser-Fleischer rings)

Question 13

Characteristic finding that shows deficiency in Vitamin A

Answer 13

Night blindness

Question 14

Function of Vitamin A

Answer 14

Component of retinal rod

Question 15

Characteristic finding that shows deficiency in Vitamin D

Answer 15

Rickets, Osteomalacia

Question 16

Function of Vitamin D

Answer 16

Absorption of Ca and P

Question 17

Characteristic finding that shows deficiency in Vitamin E

Answer 17

Mild hemolytic anemia, Red cell fragility, Ataxia

Question 18

Function of Vitamin E

Answer 18

Antioxidant, RBC integrity

Question 19

Characteristic finding that shows deficiency in Vitamin K

Answer 19

Hemorrhage, bruising, post-traumatic bleeding

Question 20

Function of Vitamin K

Answer 20

Cofactor of procoagulant

Question 21

Characteristic finding that shows deficiency in Vitamin C

Answer 21

Scurvy

Question 22

Function of Vitamin C

Answer 22

Hydroxylation of collagen

Question 23

Characteristic finding that shows deficiency in Vitamin B1

Answer 23

Beri-beri, Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome

Question 24

Function of Vitamin B1

Answer 24

Coenzyme in decarboxylation reactions

Question 25

Characteristic finding that shows deficiency in Vitamin B2

Answer 25

Angular stomatitis, Dermatitis, Photophobia, Neurologic changes

Question 26

Function of Vitamin B2

Answer 26

Converted to flavin coenzyme

Question 27

Characteristic finding that shows deficiency in Vitamin B3

Answer 27

Pellagra

Question 28

Function of Vitamin B3

Answer 28

Component of NAD and NADP, redox reactions

Question 29

Characteristic finding that shows deficiency in Vitamin B5

Answer 29

Paresthesia, Depressed immune system, Muscle weakness

Question 30

Function of Vitamin B5

Answer 30

Incorporated in coenzyme A

Question 31

Characteristic finding that shows deficiency in Vitamin B6

Answer 31

Facial seborrhea, Cheilosis, Glossitis, Dermatitis, Peripheral neuropathy

Question 32

Function of Vitamin B6

Answer 32

Coenzyme in many intermediary reactions

Question 33

Characteristic finding that shows deficiency in Vitamin B7

Answer 33

Dermatitis, Glossitis, Hair loss, Depression

Question 34

Function of Vitamin B7

Answer 34

Cofactor in carboxylation reactions

Question 35

Characteristic finding that shows deficiency in Vitamin B9

Answer 35

Megaloblastic anemia, NTD (Neural tube defects)

Question 36

Function of Vitamin B9

Answer 36

DNA and amino acid synthesis

Question 37

Characteristic finding that shows deficiency in Vitamin B12

Answer 37

Megaloblastic anemia

Question 38

Function of Vitamin B12

Answer 38

Folate metabolism and DNA synthesis