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Chaminade > Plague and Renaissance - Global Studies 1 > Flashcards

Plague and Renaissance - Global Studies 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Spread of Black Death

A

Spread by rats infested with fleas

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2
Q

When does the Black Death reach Europe

A

From Asia, it reaches Europe in October 1347

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3
Q

Flagellants

A

response to black death; flogged each other with whips to beg for God’s forgiveness

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4
Q

Pogroms

A

response to Black Death; organized massacres

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5
Q

Who was given blame for Black Death

A

Jews accused of poisoning wells

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6
Q

Jews were not punished in Russia and Poland b/c

A

they offered them protection

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7
Q

Results of the Black Death

A

less travel, shortage of workers, fewer people, peasants convert labor to rent, higher government taxes, rural revolts

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8
Q

William the Conquer years and titles

A

1028-1087, King, Duke, Conqueror

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9
Q

What was unique about Willaim the Conqueror’s rule

A

he was a French vassal, yet the king of England

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10
Q

Henry Plantagent years and titles

A

1133-1189, King Henry

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11
Q

Wife of King Henry II and problems caused

A

Eleanor of Aquitaine, she own land that is closer to France than to England

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12
Q

Treaty of Paris

A

England lose land in France but keep Gascony and Aquitaine

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13
Q

Death of Charles IV

A

no male heir, possible heirs are Edward of England and Phillip of France

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14
Q

Cause of 100 years War

A

Phillip VI becomes French king and takes Gascony, an English province

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15
Q

Battle of Crecy

A

English take advantage of their longbows that are able to pierce through French armored cavalry

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16
Q

Cause of English Peasant’s Revolt

A

monarchy imposes poll tax to help pay for war, peasants refuse to pay and sack Tower of London

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17
Q

King Richard II

A

14 years of age; arrests rebels and ends English Peasant’s Revolt

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18
Q

Effects of English Peasant’s Revolt

A

Poll tax eliminated, rebels are pardoned, decline of feudalism in England

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19
Q

Battle of Agincourt

A

The heavily armored French cavalry suffers from the muddy field, disastrous French defeat

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20
Q

Joan of Arc

A

17 years of age; inspires French army to liberate the city of Orleans; ‘maid of orleans’

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21
Q

Battle of Castillon

A

ends 100 years war; French victory; uses cannons and gunpowder

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22
Q

Political Disintegration in 1300’s

A

Feudalism falls -> Kings use taxes to hire soldiers. Political fights between royal heirs and noble families, Catholic Church declines in power

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23
Q

King Phillip IV vs Pope Boniface IIV

A

Phillip tries to tax clergy, Boniface denies and argues he is above state and church, Phillip calls Estates General and sends French soldiers to bring Boniface to trial. Boniface dies

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24
Q

Pope Clement V

A

French Pope appointed by Phillip, moves Papal residence to France and receives out lash

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25
Q

Pope Gregory XI

A

returns papacy to Rome and his death leads to Great Schism

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26
Q

The Great Schism

A

two popes rule concurrently in Rome and Avignon, leads to loss of faith in Church

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27
Q

Rise of Conilarism

A

belief that only a general council of the church, and not the pope, could bring the needed reforms

28
Q

Great Schism ends

A

Council of Constance leads to both popes resigning and a new Pope is elected that all sides support

29
Q

Renaissance is French for

A

“rebirth’, began in Italy, rebirth of Greek and Roman culture

30
Q

universal person

A

well rounded personality capable of achievements in many areas of life

31
Q

“the humanities”

A

grammar, rhetoric, poetry, ethics, and history

32
Q

Petrarch

A

studied Latin manuscripts, emphasized use of pure Latin, lived intellectual life of solitude

33
Q

Filippo Brunelleschi

A

developed Classical Architecture, inspired Roman models, columns, rounded arches, and coffered ceilings. Human sized measurements -> Human centered world, ex. Church of San Lorenzo in Florence

34
Q

Johannes Gutenburg

A

developed printing press, used metal printing blocks with each letter for moveable type, mass produced using casting

35
Q

Results of Printing Press

A

printed 180 copies of Bible, allows for greater distribution of ideas worldwide

36
Q

Early Renaissance

A

depended on support from guilds and patrons

37
Q

High Renaissance

A

considered heroes and artists geniuses Ex. Michelangelo, Raphael, da Vinci

38
Q

Leonardo da Vinci

A

Medical studies - dissected human bodies
Scientific studies - helicopter
Paintings - Mona Lisa and Last Supper

39
Q

Raphael

A

One of Italy’s best painters, Madonnes - illustrated ideal human beauty, Frescoes in the Vatican Palace

40
Q

Michelangelo

A

Known as “il Divino” - the devine one
Sistine Chapel
Sculpture - David

41
Q

Neoplatonism

A

ideal human beings with perfect proportions

42
Q

Renaissance Painting Developments

A 
Focus on Human Beings
Realistic human anatomical structure
outdoor space and light
movement
perspective
43
Q

Middle Ages Painting - materials

A

Paint on wood or wet plaster
Mosaics
Illustrated manuscripts

44
Q

Renaissance Painting - materials

A

Oil on canvas

marble sculptures

45
Q

Renaissance painting - colors

A

bright and detailed

46
Q

Painting Position of Subjects

A

Middle Ages - simple and 2D - less emotions

Renaissance - more detail, 3D - more emotions

47
Q

Nicolo Machiavelli

A

Wrote ‘The Prince’, suggests maintaining order should be done through getting political power. Realistic not idealistic, Prince acts on behalf of the states, not his conscience

48
Q

Duchy of Milan

A

taxes generated enormous revenues for the government

49
Q

Republic of Florence

A

center of cultural Renaissance , Oligarchy and politics controlled by Cosimo de-Medici

50
Q

Republic of Venice

A

maritime commercial empire

51
Q

Papal States

A

central Italian states, controlled by the Pope

52
Q

Kingdom of Naples

A

southern Italian states, eventually ruled by Spain

53
Q

“Italian Wars”

A

France vs. Spain, Spain dominates much of Italy during 16th century

54
Q

Treaty of Verdun caused

A

Civil wars

55
Q

What is the true beginning of the Holy Roman Empire

A

Ottoman family aquired the “Emperor of the Romans”

56
Q

Habsburg

A

controled Holy Roman Empire imperial throne, Austria, Netherlands and Spain all in their control

57
Q

War of the Roses

A

civil war over control of monarchy, York - white rose, Lancaster - red rose

58
Q

King Henry VII

A

establishes Tudor dynasty, abolishes noble’s private armies, keeps taxes low

59
Q

Nationalism

A

grew in France after 100 years war

60
Q

King Louis XI

A

used nationalism to re-establish monarchy

61
Q

Tailee

A

annual direct tax on land, provided monarchy with regular source of income

62
Q

Poland Renaissance

A

Nobles gain right to elect kings, weakens royal authority

63
Q

Russian Renaissance

A

Prince Ivan III, drives out Mongols and unifies Russian lands

64
Q

Moscow

A

“Third Rome”

65
Q

Marriage of Isabella of Castile and Ferdinand of Aragon

A

unifies Spain’s strongest kingdoms, strengthens royal government

Chaminade (51 decks)

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