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HOS II Founding of the Church Flashcards

1
Q

Pentecost

A

birthday of the Church, when Apostles went out to preach Good news (50 days)1

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2
Q

Those baptized on Pentecost devoted themselves to

A

the apostle’s teachings, the breaking of the bread, and prayer

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3
Q

Apostolos

A

“one who is sent”

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4
Q

Additional Apostles

A

Matthias, St. Paul, and Barnabas (St. Paul’s companion)

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5
Q

Gentiles

A

Non-Jews, no knowledge of OT, polythiest, eating non-kosher meals, uncircumcised males, may need moral instruction

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6
Q

Why are Apostles preeminent

A

direct witnesses, their deeds after Pentecost, sacramental character flows through them

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7
Q

Apostolic Tradition

A

power + authority of the Apostles has been passed on to the bishops of the church today

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8
Q

St. Paul’s Hebrew name

A

Saul

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9
Q

St. Paul background

A

born in Tarsus, Roman citizen but a Jew, well educated, him and family were tent-makers

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10
Q

St. Paul’s tutor

A

Gamaliel

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11
Q

St. Paul’s early thoughts on Chirstians

A

dedicated life to persecution of Christ’s followers, worked in Jerusalem and was presnet at St. Stephen’s stoning, dispatched to Damacus

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12
Q

Ananias

A

a Christian who seeks out Saul to heal him, give him is mission, and baptize him

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13
Q

What does conversion of St. Paul reveal about God

A

God reaches out to all, even when we go against hi

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14
Q

Opening the Mission to the Gentiles

A

Jewish Law forbade association with Gentiles and Apostles struggled w/ Jesus’ instructions to reach to all

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15
Q

Cornelius

A

Roman Centurion, “a God fearing Gentiles” Sends for Peter after a vision

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16
Q

Peter

A

Vision ends with the arrival of Cornelius’ men, meaning of vision is to open church to all

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17
Q

Cornelius and Peter’s vision

A

sees white sheet from sky w/ different animals. God says, “kill, take, eat” even through it was “dirty meant”.

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18
Q

How Catholic Church opens to Gentiles

A

Peter agrees to baptize the Gentiles after witnessing the descent of the Holy Spirit

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19
Q

St. Paul’s writings

A

oldest in NT, 13 Epistles in NT, Focused on his missionary work, provides historical evidence of the time period

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20
Q

St. Paul’s Theology

A

Doctrine of the Cross, Mystical Body of Christ, Power of Grace, Value of Charity

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21
Q

Church Council

A

An authorized gathering of bishops, guided by Holy Spirit, to discuss ecclesiastical matters with the aim of passing decrees on the themes under discussion

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22
Q

First Church Council

A

Council of Jerusalem

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23
Q

Council of Jerusalem Theme

A

Settle the question between the Gentile converts and Jewish Christians regarding the observance of Jewish Law

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24
Q

Two sides of theme of Jerusalem Council

A

All Christians must follow Jewish law vs Mosaic Law could be lifted

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25
Peter and Cornelius' vision only determined
that faith should be open to Gentile converts.
26
St. Peter speaking with authority as head of Church declares
Gentiles should avoid eating meat tat had been sacrificed to idols, etc.. but Jewish Laws of Kosher and circumcision need not be kept
27
Effects of early Church decision of St. Peter
Judicators might be upset, more Gentile converts, separations between church and Jewish community
28
Missionary work of the Apostles
Both before and after the Council of Jerusalem these uneducated men set out to preach the Gospel to all the world, quickly became menaces to Roman state resulting in all the Apostles (except John) being martyred
29
Baptism's NT Biblical Roots
Jesus' Baptism and Jesus' conversion of Nicodemus
30
Effects of Baptism
Sins forgiven (Original Sin), enterance into the church, participation in other sacraments, receive gifts of Holy Spirit
31
Adult Covnerts - Baptism
Must go through Catechumen Process ( 2-3 years), allows time to learn Gospel message
32
Infants - Baptism
Debated within early Church (Tertullian vs. Origen), becomes common during 3rd century
33
Tertullian
Argued it is better to wait until adulthood for Baptism
34
Reasons for Sacrament of Baptism
Infant mortality rates, more deeply routed in the faith
35
Apostolic father
taught by an Apostle
36
Church father
their teaching early on in Church history
37
Agape
"love" in Greek, refers to early religious meal that was related to Eucharist
38
Early Church and Eucharist
Eucharist was high point, strongly believed Christ's true presence in the Eucharist, using his exact words at Last Supper
39
Why is Sunday the Sabbath
Resurrection of Jesus was Sunday, originally Saturday
40
symbol of fish
secret sign, "icthus", "Jesus Christ, Son of God, savior"
41
Sign of the cross
been around since early church, same use as today
42
symbol of anchor
looks like the cross, represents safety
43
Early Church views on Abortion and Infanticide
univerally rejected, is a violent, rejection of human dignity, violates 5th commandment
44
Early Church on Sexual Intercourse
good and blessed when in marriage, intrinsic purposes was procreation, artificial prevention of procreation was looked down upon (contraception)
45
Apoligists
defenders of something (the church)
46
Apoligist's writings
explained Christian beliefs and practices to Pagans, show Christians as exemplary citizens, address the spiritual poverty of paganism
47
Didache
Greek for "teaching". Short exposition on Christian morals, unknown author, many early Church Fathers are referenced
48
St. Hippolytus
important writer and father of the Church, wrote 2nd Eucharistic Prayer
49
Martyr
"witness" in Greek, someone who is killed for their faith
50
Martyrdom in Early Church
Christians prepared to die in the face of Jewish and Roman persecutions
51
Deaths of the Apostles
With one exception, all of the apostles were martyred for their testimony that Christ rose from the dead
52
St. John
was exiled to island of Patmos after surviving being boiled in a pot of oil
53
Island of Patmos
where St. John wrote book of Revelation
54
St. Peter's Death
crucified upside down (humility).
55
Quo Vadis Story
Jesus asks Peter "Where are you going" when he chickens out of defending faith
56
St. Paul's death
beheaded
57
Emperor Nero Personality
violent, arguable psychotic (murdered moth and wife, etc..)
58
Domus Aurea
"House of God"
59
Great Fire of Rome
AD 64, historians blame Nero for causing fire, perhaps to make room for Domus Aurea. Nero blamed Christians starting persecution
60
Christiani Non Sint
"Let there be no Christian", offical Roman policy outlawing Christianity
61
Diocletioan divided
the Empire into Eastern and Western halves, then subdivided further into dioceses
62
At first Diocletian was
merciful towards Christians, only because he was focused on defending the Empire from barbarians
63
After Diocledtian dealt with barbarians
he instituted the first empire-wide persecution of Christians, known as Great Persecution
64
Diocletian's Four Edicts
Diocletian enacted his persecutions with a series of four edicts targeted at the Christians
65
1st Edict
Commanded the destruction of all churches, the burning of all Scriptures, and banned all Christian gatherings
66
2nd Edict
Clergy imprisoned
67
3rd Edict
Clergy required to offer pagan sacrifices
68
4th Edict
All Christians required to offer pagan sacrifices, results in deaths of thousands of Christians
69
Emperor Constantine
Inherited rule over western part of Empire from his father, had friendly attitude toward the Christians, though he was not one himself
70
Battle of Milvian Bridge
312 AD, Constantine vs Maxentius for control over Western Empire, Constantine was outnumbered, Constantine's vision, wins battle
71
Constantine's vision
"in hoc signo vinces" (in this sign you will conquer), He has his men place symbol of the cross on their shields, Constantine wins, attributes victory to God
72
Edict of Milan
313 AD, granted Christians freedom to practice their religion freely
73
Motives of Edict of Milan
Bring religious unity, Constantines becomes first Christian emperor
74
Constantine supports Christianity by
freeing taxes of Priests and churches, work on Sunday forbidden, End of Crucifixion
75
Constantinople
dedicated city to protection of Mary
76
Emperor Teodosius
391 AD, makes Christianity official religion of Empire
77
ffects of Emperor Theodosius
Danger of lukewarmness creeping in, opportunity to evangelize, church and state bound together
78
heresy
corruption of the truth claiming to be correct Christian teaching
79
material heresy
false belief itself
80
formal heresy
consciously chosen heresy
81
Gnosticis
family of heresies
82
gnosis
greek for knowledge
83
Gnosticis teachings
salvation is gained by acquiring secret knowledge, Demiurge created material universe, "Divine being created spiritual world and sent a redeemer to give knowledge
84
Mani
founder of Mancaeism
85
Manichaeism
strict asceticism, appealed to intellectuals like St. Augustine
86
oikoumene
greek word for "the whole inhabited world"
87
Ecumenical Council
A gathering of the world's bishops in union with the Pope to respond to crises in the Church and to define church teaching on matters of faith and morals
88
total # of Ecumenical Councils
23
89
first 7 Ecumenical Councils
dealt with question "Who/What is Jesus?"
90
Extraordinary Magisterium
where not the world's bishops are with the pope (Ex. Cathedra Statement -> Just the Pope)
91
Four characteristics of Church Fathers
Orthodoxy, Holiness, Notoriety, Antiquity
92
Patristics
study of Church Fathers
93
Apostolic Father
knew Apostle directly
94
Doctor of the Church
Title granted by the Pope for a person's contributions to theology
95
Ambrose
Born in Trier Germany, selected to be bishop on popularity despite only being catechumen, mentor to St. Augustine
96
Ambrose challenged Emperors by
excommunicating Emperor Theodosius to do public penance after Theodosius killed 7,000
97
St. Jerome
Ascetic & Scholar, learned Hebrew while being a desert monk in Syria, translated bible into Latin (Vulgate, vulgus, common)
98
"the theologian"
St. Augustine
99
St. Augustine Early life
well educated in Latin and rhetoric, struggled with heresy and lust prior to conversion. Fathers a son with a mistress and becomes involved in Manichaeism
100
St. Monica
mother of St. Augustine, prayed for his conversion b/c father was pagan
101
St. Augustine conversion
begins conversion due to St. Ambrose, turns away from lust and heresy, baptized by St. Ambrose
102
Tolle et Lege
"Take and Read", involved with St. Augustine's conversion
103
ST. Augustine Post conversion
established monastic community called the Augustinians, becomes a priest and eventually a bishop, makes contributions to Christian theology
104
Confessions
Augustine's autobiography
105
ARianism
Christological heresy that denies the divinity of Jesus, teaches that Jesus is not equal to father, Jesus is a mere creature
106
Threat of Arianism
many bishops subscribed to idea, took 100s of years to rid the church of this errror
107
First Ecumenical Council
Council of Nicaea (325 AD)
108
Coucil of Nicaea
requested by Constantine to end religious divide caused by Arianism
109
St. Athanasius
led effort to promote the orthodox understanding of Jesus in Council of Nicaea
110
homoousios
same substance, orthodox
111
homoiosios
similar substance, Arian
112
Donatus
founder of Donatism
113
Donatism
Rejects validity of any sacrament offered by a priest or bishop who betra
114
Donatism
Rejects validity of any sacrament offered by a priest or bishop who betrayed his faith, opposed by St. Augustine
115
Pelagianism
Teaches that man can be redeemed and sanctified without grace, relying only on his own free will, denies Original Sin, sacraments are unneeded b/c man can save themsilve

Chaminade (51 decks)

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