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Chaminade > HOS II Founding of the Church > Flashcards

HOS II Founding of the Church Flashcards

1
Q

Pentecost

A

birthday of the Church, when Apostles went out to preach Good news (50 days)1

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2
Q

Those baptized on Pentecost devoted themselves to

A

the apostle’s teachings, the breaking of the bread, and prayer

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3
Q

Apostolos

A

“one who is sent”

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4
Q

Additional Apostles

A

Matthias, St. Paul, and Barnabas (St. Paul’s companion)

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5
Q

Gentiles

A

Non-Jews, no knowledge of OT, polythiest, eating non-kosher meals, uncircumcised males, may need moral instruction

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6
Q

Why are Apostles preeminent

A

direct witnesses, their deeds after Pentecost, sacramental character flows through them

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7
Q

Apostolic Tradition

A

power + authority of the Apostles has been passed on to the bishops of the church today

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8
Q

St. Paul’s Hebrew name

A

Saul

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9
Q

St. Paul background

A

born in Tarsus, Roman citizen but a Jew, well educated, him and family were tent-makers

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10
Q

St. Paul’s tutor

A

Gamaliel

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11
Q

St. Paul’s early thoughts on Chirstians

A

dedicated life to persecution of Christ’s followers, worked in Jerusalem and was presnet at St. Stephen’s stoning, dispatched to Damacus

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12
Q

Ananias

A

a Christian who seeks out Saul to heal him, give him is mission, and baptize him

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13
Q

What does conversion of St. Paul reveal about God

A

God reaches out to all, even when we go against hi

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14
Q

Opening the Mission to the Gentiles

A

Jewish Law forbade association with Gentiles and Apostles struggled w/ Jesus’ instructions to reach to all

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15
Q

Cornelius

A

Roman Centurion, “a God fearing Gentiles” Sends for Peter after a vision

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16
Q

Peter

A

Vision ends with the arrival of Cornelius’ men, meaning of vision is to open church to all

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17
Q

Cornelius and Peter’s vision

A

sees white sheet from sky w/ different animals. God says, “kill, take, eat” even through it was “dirty meant”.

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18
Q

How Catholic Church opens to Gentiles

A

Peter agrees to baptize the Gentiles after witnessing the descent of the Holy Spirit

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19
Q

St. Paul’s writings

A

oldest in NT, 13 Epistles in NT, Focused on his missionary work, provides historical evidence of the time period

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20
Q

St. Paul’s Theology

A

Doctrine of the Cross, Mystical Body of Christ, Power of Grace, Value of Charity

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21
Q

Church Council

A

An authorized gathering of bishops, guided by Holy Spirit, to discuss ecclesiastical matters with the aim of passing decrees on the themes under discussion

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22
Q

First Church Council

A

Council of Jerusalem

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23
Q

Council of Jerusalem Theme

A

Settle the question between the Gentile converts and Jewish Christians regarding the observance of Jewish Law

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24
Q

Two sides of theme of Jerusalem Council

A

All Christians must follow Jewish law vs Mosaic Law could be lifted

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25
Q

Peter and Cornelius’ vision only determined

A

that faith should be open to Gentile converts.

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26
Q

St. Peter speaking with authority as head of Church declares

A

Gentiles should avoid eating meat tat had been sacrificed to idols, etc.. but Jewish Laws of Kosher and circumcision need not be kept

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27
Q

Effects of early Church decision of St. Peter

A

Judicators might be upset, more Gentile converts, separations between church and Jewish community

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28
Q

Missionary work of the Apostles

A

Both before and after the Council of Jerusalem these uneducated men set out to preach the Gospel to all the world, quickly became menaces to Roman state resulting in all the Apostles (except John) being martyred

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29
Q

Baptism’s NT Biblical Roots

A

Jesus’ Baptism and Jesus’ conversion of Nicodemus

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30
Q

Effects of Baptism

A

Sins forgiven (Original Sin), enterance into the church, participation in other sacraments, receive gifts of Holy Spirit

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31
Q

Adult Covnerts - Baptism

A

Must go through Catechumen Process ( 2-3 years), allows time to learn Gospel message

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32
Q

Infants - Baptism

A

Debated within early Church (Tertullian vs. Origen), becomes common during 3rd century

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33
Q

Tertullian

A

Argued it is better to wait until adulthood for Baptism

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34
Q

Reasons for Sacrament of Baptism

A

Infant mortality rates, more deeply routed in the faith

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35
Q

Apostolic father

A

taught by an Apostle

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36
Q

Church father

A

their teaching early on in Church history

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37
Q

Agape

A

“love” in Greek, refers to early religious meal that was related to Eucharist

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38
Q

Early Church and Eucharist

A

Eucharist was high point, strongly believed Christ’s true presence in the Eucharist, using his exact words at Last Supper

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39
Q

Why is Sunday the Sabbath

A

Resurrection of Jesus was Sunday, originally Saturday

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40
Q

symbol of fish

A

secret sign, “icthus”, “Jesus Christ, Son of God, savior”

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41
Q

Sign of the cross

A

been around since early church, same use as today

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42
Q

symbol of anchor

A

looks like the cross, represents safety

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43
Q

Early Church views on Abortion and Infanticide

A

univerally rejected, is a violent, rejection of human dignity, violates 5th commandment

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44
Q

Early Church on Sexual Intercourse

A

good and blessed when in marriage, intrinsic purposes was procreation, artificial prevention of procreation was looked down upon (contraception)

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45
Q

Apoligists

A

defenders of something (the church)

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46
Q

Apoligist’s writings

A

explained Christian beliefs and practices to Pagans, show Christians as exemplary citizens, address the spiritual poverty of paganism

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47
Q

Didache

A

Greek for “teaching”. Short exposition on Christian morals, unknown author, many early Church Fathers are referenced

48
Q

St. Hippolytus

A

important writer and father of the Church, wrote 2nd Eucharistic Prayer

49
Q

Martyr

A

“witness” in Greek, someone who is killed for their faith

50
Q

Martyrdom in Early Church

A

Christians prepared to die in the face of Jewish and Roman persecutions

51
Q

Deaths of the Apostles

A

With one exception, all of the apostles were martyred for their testimony that Christ rose from the dead

52
Q

St. John

A

was exiled to island of Patmos after surviving being boiled in a pot of oil

53
Q

Island of Patmos

A

where St. John wrote book of Revelation

54
Q

St. Peter’s Death

A

crucified upside down (humility).

55
Q

Quo Vadis Story

A

Jesus asks Peter “Where are you going” when he chickens out of defending faith

56
Q

St. Paul’s death

A

beheaded

57
Q

Emperor Nero Personality

A

violent, arguable psychotic (murdered moth and wife, etc..)

58
Q

Domus Aurea

A

“House of God”

59
Q

Great Fire of Rome

A

AD 64, historians blame Nero for causing fire, perhaps to make room for Domus Aurea. Nero blamed Christians starting persecution

60
Q

Christiani Non Sint

A

“Let there be no Christian”, offical Roman policy outlawing Christianity

61
Q

Diocletioan divided

A

the Empire into Eastern and Western halves, then subdivided further into dioceses

62
Q

At first Diocletian was

A

merciful towards Christians, only because he was focused on defending the Empire from barbarians

63
Q

After Diocledtian dealt with barbarians

A

he instituted the first empire-wide persecution of Christians, known as Great Persecution

64
Q

Diocletian’s Four Edicts

A

Diocletian enacted his persecutions with a series of four edicts targeted at the Christians

65
Q

1st Edict

A

Commanded the destruction of all churches, the burning of all Scriptures, and banned all Christian gatherings

66
Q

2nd Edict

A

Clergy imprisoned

67
Q

3rd Edict

A

Clergy required to offer pagan sacrifices

68
Q

4th Edict

A

All Christians required to offer pagan sacrifices, results in deaths of thousands of Christians

69
Q

Emperor Constantine

A

Inherited rule over western part of Empire from his father, had friendly attitude toward the Christians, though he was not one himself

70
Q

Battle of Milvian Bridge

A

312 AD, Constantine vs Maxentius for control over Western Empire, Constantine was outnumbered, Constantine’s vision, wins battle

71
Q

Constantine’s vision

A

“in hoc signo vinces” (in this sign you will conquer), He has his men place symbol of the cross on their shields, Constantine wins, attributes victory to God

72
Q

Edict of Milan

A

313 AD, granted Christians freedom to practice their religion freely

73
Q

Motives of Edict of Milan

A

Bring religious unity, Constantines becomes first Christian emperor

74
Q

Constantine supports Christianity by

A

freeing taxes of Priests and churches, work on Sunday forbidden, End of Crucifixion

75
Q

Constantinople

A

dedicated city to protection of Mary

76
Q

Emperor Teodosius

A

391 AD, makes Christianity official religion of Empire

77
Q

ffects of Emperor Theodosius

A

Danger of lukewarmness creeping in, opportunity to evangelize, church and state bound together

78
Q

heresy

A

corruption of the truth claiming to be correct Christian teaching

79
Q

material heresy

A

false belief itself

80
Q

formal heresy

A

consciously chosen heresy

81
Q

Gnosticis

A

family of heresies

82
Q

gnosis

A

greek for knowledge

83
Q

Gnosticis teachings

A

salvation is gained by acquiring secret knowledge, Demiurge created material universe, “Divine being created spiritual world and sent a redeemer to give knowledge

84
Q

Mani

A

founder of Mancaeism

85
Q

Manichaeism

A

strict asceticism, appealed to intellectuals like St. Augustine

86
Q

oikoumene

A

greek word for “the whole inhabited world”

87
Q

Ecumenical Council

A

A gathering of the world’s bishops in union with the Pope to respond to crises in the Church and to define church teaching on matters of faith and morals

88
Q

total # of Ecumenical Councils

A

23

89
Q

first 7 Ecumenical Councils

A

dealt with question “Who/What is Jesus?”

90
Q

Extraordinary Magisterium

A

where not the world’s bishops are with the pope (Ex. Cathedra Statement -> Just the Pope)

91
Q

Four characteristics of Church Fathers

A

Orthodoxy, Holiness, Notoriety, Antiquity

92
Q

Patristics

A

study of Church Fathers

93
Q

Apostolic Father

A

knew Apostle directly

94
Q

Doctor of the Church

A

Title granted by the Pope for a person’s contributions to theology

95
Q

Ambrose

A

Born in Trier Germany, selected to be bishop on popularity despite only being catechumen, mentor to St. Augustine

96
Q

Ambrose challenged Emperors by

A

excommunicating Emperor Theodosius to do public penance after Theodosius killed 7,000

97
Q

St. Jerome

A

Ascetic & Scholar, learned Hebrew while being a desert monk in Syria, translated bible into Latin (Vulgate, vulgus, common)

98
Q

“the theologian”

A

St. Augustine

99
Q

St. Augustine Early life

A

well educated in Latin and rhetoric, struggled with heresy and lust prior to conversion. Fathers a son with a mistress and becomes involved in Manichaeism

100
Q

St. Monica

A

mother of St. Augustine, prayed for his conversion b/c father was pagan

101
Q

St. Augustine conversion

A

begins conversion due to St. Ambrose, turns away from lust and heresy, baptized by St. Ambrose

102
Q

Tolle et Lege

A

“Take and Read”, involved with St. Augustine’s conversion

103
Q

ST. Augustine Post conversion

A

established monastic community called the Augustinians, becomes a priest and eventually a bishop, makes contributions to Christian theology

104
Q

Confessions

A

Augustine’s autobiography

105
Q

ARianism

A

Christological heresy that denies the divinity of Jesus, teaches that Jesus is not equal to father, Jesus is a mere creature

106
Q

Threat of Arianism

A

many bishops subscribed to idea, took 100s of years to rid the church of this errror

107
Q

First Ecumenical Council

A

Council of Nicaea (325 AD)

108
Q

Coucil of Nicaea

A

requested by Constantine to end religious divide caused by Arianism

109
Q

St. Athanasius

A

led effort to promote the orthodox understanding of Jesus in Council of Nicaea

110
Q

homoousios

A

same substance, orthodox

111
Q

homoiosios

A

similar substance, Arian

112
Q

Donatus

A

founder of Donatism

113
Q

Donatism

A

Rejects validity of any sacrament offered by a priest or bishop who betra

114
Q

Donatism

A

Rejects validity of any sacrament offered by a priest or bishop who betrayed his faith, opposed by St. Augustine

115
Q

Pelagianism

A

Teaches that man can be redeemed and sanctified without grace, relying only on his own free will, denies Original Sin, sacraments are unneeded b/c man can save themsilve

Chaminade (51 decks)

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