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Chaminade > Age of Exploration - Global Studies 1 > Flashcards

Age of Exploration - Global Studies 1 Flashcards

1
Q

How did first Americans arrive

A

Bering Strait

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2
Q

Beringla

A

Land bridge between Alaska and Asia, exists due to sea level dropping

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3
Q

Amerindians

A

First Americans/nomads

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4
Q

Where were the first American civilizations

A

Mezoamerica (central)

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5
Q

Staple crop of Amerindians

A

Maize (corn)

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6
Q

“Those who grow maize”

A

Maya Civilization

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7
Q

Yucatán Peninsula

A

Maya Civilization

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8
Q

Cacao tree

A

Provide Mayans chocolate (drink), and cocoa beans

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9
Q

Chimampas

A

Long floating plots of farmland built into riverbeds and shallow lakes

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10
Q

Mayan society

A

Kings, Council & Priests, Nobles, Middle class, and Farmers

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11
Q

Itzamma

A

Mayan god, supreme gods, creator of all things

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12
Q

Mayan Religious practices

A

Human sacrifice, Ball court (ceremonial sacrifice of defeated players)

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13
Q

Long Count

A

Mayan lunar calendar that called for the end of the current cycle of 5,200 years in the solar-calendar

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14
Q

Toltecs

A

Ended Mayan civilization

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15
Q

Quetzalcoatl

A

Half-human, half deity in the form of a serpent (Toltec god)

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16
Q

Tenochititlán

A

Aztec Capital, centered around massive pyramids with shrines

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17
Q

Aztec Society

A

Monarchy, chosen by gods. Commoners sells themselves into slavery when I’m debt then purchase freedom. Rigid social classes

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18
Q

Calpullis

A

Large groups of families in Aztec society, paid taxes as one group, maintained their own schools, chinampas

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19
Q

Aztec religion

A

Polytheistic, over 100 deities, human sacrifices

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20
Q

Quatzalcontal

A

Feathered serpent representing creation, virtue, learning, and culture

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21
Q

South America geography

A

Amazon River, southern prairies and steppes, and Andes Mountains in west

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22
Q

Beginning of South American

A

First settlements at caral along supe river
Moche civilizations develops around Chan Chan on the coast of Peru
Chinor kingdom develops around Chan

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23
Q

Pachakuti

A

lead Incas to conquer Chimor and Peru

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24
Q

Tahuantinsuyu

A

“World of the four corners”, Incan empire divided into provinces

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25
Cuzzo
Incan Capital, surrounded by Andes
26
Incan Roads
24,800 of roads, Columbia to Chile, suspension bridges of branded fiber
27
Incan society
Mostly farmers, Terrace agriculture, labor regulated by state
28
Incan culture
Focused on war, supplies carried by llamas, polytheistic
29
Pachamama
Inca, “the mother of the earth”
30
quipu
Knotted strings to keep records (inca)
31
Portolani
detailed maps and charts from mathmaticians
32
caravels
ships mobile enough to move against the wind
33
sternpost rudder
allowed for better maneuverability of boats
34
Lateen sail
square ring boats, had catapults
35
Sultanate of Malacca
center of spice trade, Islam spread along with spices
36
Prince Henry the Navigator
Portuguese, wanted new trade opportunities, weak Muslim states, and Christianity to spread, opened school for explorers
37
Bartolomeu Dias
Portuguese, found Cape of Good Hope
38
Vasco da Gama
Portuguese, finds India + Malacca
39
Columbus
Spanish, Found Bahammas
40
Pedro Cabral
Portuguese, finds Brazil on accident
41
Amerigo Vespucci
Portuguese, America named after him, discovers Rio
42
Ponce de Leon
Spain, finds Florida (Fountain of Youth)
43
John Cabot
English, finds Newfoundland, Canada
44
Samuel Champlain
France, Finds Canada + New York
45
Admiral Afonso de Albuquerque
conquers Malacca and starts Portuguese spice trade
46
Portuguese successes
militarized, light ships
47
Portuguese challanges
Muslim harassments, lack population to colonize Asia, costs lots of money, disease
48
Dutch Exploration
take Malacca from Portugal, control Cape of Good Hope
49
Boers
Dutch settlers
50
Afrikaans
Dutch dialect
51
Victoria achievement
first to circumnavigate the globe
52
Treaty of Tordesillas
Spain controlled West of line, Portugal owned East
53
Magellan's Voyages
reached South America, but lost 1/5 ship in weather, 1/5 turned back, the last 3 went to Australia, died in battle
54
Hernan Cortes
overthrows Aztec Empire
55
Conquistadors
Spanish conquerors motivated by glory, greed, and religious zeal
56
Franciscan Pizzaro
overthrows Incan Empire
57
Peninsulares
Top of Latin America society, born in Europe but live in America
58
Creoles
2 of Latin America society, American born descendants of Europeans
59
Mestizos
3 or Latin American society, offspring of Europeans and Indians
60
Mulatoes
4 of Latin American society, offspring of Europeans and Africans
61
'Indins'
5 of Ltin American society, native`
62
Africans
6 of Latin American society, brought as slaves to work plantations
63
Latin America Governments
difficult due to distance, Viceroys, goals were economic, gold and silver
64
Plan of Encomienda system
Spanish settlers protect, care, and Christianize Indians, and Indians work part time for settlers
65
Reality of Encomienda system
settlers force long labor, Indians die from disease
66
Jamestown
first permanent English settlement
67
Slavery in ancient empires
Greeks -> Barbarians, didn't speak language Aristotle -> some people are born to be slaves Romans -> 30% of population, batafongus
68
Slavery in modern times
Judeo-Christians -> sinning is cause of slavery | Muslims -> moved into North Africa and made them slaves
69
Triangular Trade
(Caribbean to Europe) Sugar + Tobacco along Middle Passage (Europe to West Africa) Iron, alcohol, gunpowder (West Africa to Caribbean) Slaves
70
"founder crops" of Old world
wheat

Chaminade (51 decks)

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