Pharmacology of Antivirals

Question 1

What NRTI is associated with hypersensitivity reaction in a small percentage of patients?

Answer 1

Abacavir

Question 2

What integrase inhibitors are used in HIV treatment?

Answer 2

Raltegravir, elvitegravir, dolutegravir, bictegravir

Question 3

What ADR is associated with cidofovir?

Answer 3

Nephrotoxicity

Question 4

Ribavirin & IFNa are used in the treatment of…?

Answer 4

Hepatitis C

Question 5

What neuraminidase inhibitors may be used to treat influenza?

Answer 5

Zanamivir & Oseltamivir

Question 6

What ADRs are associated with acyclovir?

Answer 6

Nephrotoxicity

Question 7

What NRTIs are commonly used in HIV treatment?

Answer 7

Tenofovir & Emtricitabine

Question 8

What protease inhibitor is used in HIV treatment and has many drug-drug interactions due to its metabolism by Cyp450 enzymes?

Answer 8

Ritonavir

Question 9

What drug is used daily to treat recurrent HSV flares?

Answer 9

Valacyclovir

Question 10

What ADRs are associated with Efavirenz?

Answer 10

CNS disturbances - dizziness, nightmares, delusions

Question 11

Bone marrow suppression and myelosuppression are ADRs associated with which antiviral?

Answer 11

Ganciclovir

Question 12

A patient fails HSV treatment with acyclovir and cidofovir. What is the next antiviral drug of choice?

Answer 12

Foscarnet

Question 13

True/False. Acyclovir must be phosphorylated by a viral kinase for activation.

Answer 13

True - phosphorylation by a viral kinase and then two cell kinases

Question 14

What is the MOA of acyclovir & valacyclovir?

Answer 14

Guanisine nucleoside analog that inhibits DNA synthesis when inserted

Question 15

What antiviral is effective in treating varicella and shingles?

Answer 15

Valacyclovir

Question 16

What antiviral can be used to treat resistant HSV, CMV, and ZVZ?

Answer 16

Cidofovir & forcarnet

Question 17

What NNRTIs may be used in HIV treatment?

Answer 17

Efavirenz, Nevirapine, Delaviridine