Child & Adolescent Psychiatry Flashcards
What non-stimulant is approved to treat ADHD when stimulants are ineffective or contraindicated?
Atomoxetine (SSRI)
What drugs are approved to treat autism-related irritability in children?
Risperidone & aripiprazole
What is the only medication class shown to effectively treat anxiety disorders in children?
SSRIs
What is first-line treatment of separation anxiety disorder in children?
CBT, play therapy, treatment of parental anxiety disorders
This pediatric psychiatric disorder involves angry, irritable, and/or argumentative mood against an adult or individual of authority.
Oppositional Defiant Disorder
What is the neurochemical basis of ADHD?
Dysfunction of the NE and dopaminergic systems
This pediatric psychiatric disorder involves repetitive and persistent behaviors that violate social norms of the rights of others.
Conduct disorder - diagnosed before 18yo
A 12yo patient presents to the clinic for f/u of major depressive disorder. They were started on fluoxetine 8 weeks ago and report no change in symptoms. What is the next best step?
Consider an alternative treatment strategy - responses are assessed in 4 week intervals with recommended changes in treatment if no response within 8 weeks
True/False. Anti-depressants themselves increase the risk of suicide in pediatric patients.
False. Anti-depressants resolve underlying symptoms that may increase the risk of suicide. For example, a suicidal patient may lack the motivational and energy to complete suicide. If these symptoms are resolved before thoughts of suicide, they may be more likely to act upon them
Selective mutism is a failure to speak in specific social settings. How long must this last for a diagnosis of a disorder?
One month
This pediatric psychiatric disorder is associated with a higher risk of developing antisocial personality disorder.
Conduct disorder
What are the criteria for diagnosis of disruptive mood dysregulation disorder?
Before age 10, irritable or angry mood, severe temper outbursts, difficulty functioning, symptoms at least 12 months
What is the first-line treatment for selective mutism in children?
Exposure-based therapies
What are the criteria for a diagnosis of separation anxiety disorder in children?
At least 3 symptoms for 4+ weeks
What is the recommended treatment for a child diagnosed with ADHD <5yo?
Community support - medications reserved until later in childhood
What major ADR is associated with stimulants used to treat ADHD?
Increased HR and sudden cardiac death
What is the use of Paroxetine in children?
Treatment of specific phobias
What are the criteria to diagnose ADHD in children?
6+ symptoms for 6 months in two different settings
What medications may be used to treat schizophrenia in children?
12+ - paliperidone
13+ - risperidone, quietiapine, aripiprazole, olanzipine
What are the diagnosis criteria for Tourette’s Syndrome in children?
2+ motor tics and one verbal tic for at least one year before 18yo
True/False. Selective mutism often progresses to social anxiety disorder and/or social phobia.
True
True/False. Autism is more common in females and they are more likely to be severely impaired.
False - ASD is more common in males, but females are more likely to be severely impaired
What drugs may be used to treat GAD in children?
Fluvoxamine, Fluoxetine, Sertaline
Patients with this pediatric psychiatric condition often have a co-morbid epilepsy diagnosis.
Autism spectrum disorder
What is the most common pediatric psychological disorder?
Anxiety disorders - specifically specific phobia
Girls most often have what type of ADHD presentation?
Predominantly inattentive ADHD - as such they often go undiagnosed
What are the criteria for diagnosis of persistent depressive disorder in children?
At least 3+ symptoms for 1 year
