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Boards Prep > Pain & Pain Syndromes > Flashcards

Pain & Pain Syndromes Flashcards

1
Q

A nerve is completely transected. How would you describe the level of damage?

A

Neurotmesis

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2
Q

What is the cause of giant cell arteritis?

A

Granulomatous inflammation of cranial branches of the temporal artery

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3
Q

Hyper-reflexive reflexes and antalgic gait may be indicative of what spinal disorder?

A

Spinal stenosis

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4
Q

What is axontmesis?

A

Focal demyelination of a nerve and axonal damage

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5
Q

What may be the causes of spinal stenosis?

A

Facet hypertrophy, ligamentum flavum hypertrophy, disc bulge

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6
Q

A patient presents with weakness along the anterolateral of the shin and dorsum of the foot. The foot is dropped, with weak F/E. What is a possible diagnosis?

A

Peroneal Neuropathy

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7
Q

The myelin sheath of a nerve is affected, but the nerve remains undamaged. How would the level of damage be described?

A

Neuropraxia

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8
Q

Temporomandibular disorders are characterized by…?

A

Pain around the TMJ

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9
Q

How do trigger points differ from CS points?

A

Trigger points are caused by local hypoxia and result in referred pain. CS points do not refer pain

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10
Q

How does fibromyalgia present?

A

Chronic, prolonged, severe pain often in women causing poor sleep and brain fog

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11
Q

True/False. Symptoms of spinal stenosis improve with extension.

A

False. Symptoms improve with flexion. This is called the shopping cart sign

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12
Q

This type of pain arises from disc infection or herniation and presents in a dermatomal pattern.

A

Discogenic pain

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13
Q

Prompt diagnosis of this pain disorder is necessary to prevent blindness.

A

Giant cell arthritis - poor blood flow to the eye leads to optic ischemia

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14
Q

What is sympathetically-mediated pain?

A

Pain maintained by the sympathetic NS or circulating catecholamines

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15
Q

This type of pain is accompanied by fatigue, sleep, memory, and mood changes.

A

Nocioplastic pain

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16
Q

Where is radiculopathy most likely to occur?

A

C5-C6, C6-C7, L4-L5, L5-S1

17
Q

What are the symptoms of a migraine?

A

Unilateral, moderate to severe pain. Photophobia, phonophobia, nausea. Improves with rest and medication. May or may not have aura.

18
Q

What medication can be used to treat trigeminal neuraliga?

A

Carbamazepine

19
Q

How does nociceptive pain differ from neuropathic pain?

A

Nociceptive pain is a result of the activation of nociceptors. Neuropathic pain arises from damage to the nerves.

20
Q

Who is at greatest risk of meralgia paresthetica?

A

Pregnant women and obese persons sitting for prolonged periods (ex: truck drivers)

21
Q

What is carpal tunnel syndrome?

A

Compression of the median nerve passing between the carpal bones and flexor retinaculum characterized by tingling/numbness of the first four fingers

22
Q

What are red flags for back pain that may be indicative of a more serious or emergent issue?

A

Weight loss, fever/night sweats, saddle anesthesia, incontinence

23
Q

What is phantom pain?

A

Pain the appears to be from an amputated limp

24
Q

What type of complex regional pain syndrome is not caused by trauma/defined event?

A

Type 1 CRPS. Type 2 is caused by a triggering event

25
Q

What nerve is compressed in cubital tunnel syndrome?

A

Ulnar nerve

26
Q

What is radicular pain?

A

Pain caused by irritation of a nerve root due to a herniated nucleus pulposus or neuroforaminal narrowing

27
Q

How does tarsal tunnel syndrome present?

A

Numbness and pain in the sole of the foot that spares the heel

28
Q

A 30yo man with a 10 pack-year history presents pain around the eye, ptosis, and rhinorrhea. What is a possible diagnosis?

A

Cluster headache

29
Q

What symptoms are associated with trigeminal neuralgia?

A

Unilateral, episodic pain around branches of the trigeminal nerve. Quickly fades, with persisting aching feeling. May have lacrimation.

30
Q

True/False. Phantom pain does not present in patients with a congenial limb deficiency.

A

True

31
Q

A patient presents with a headache. They have been under a lot of stress at work and have pericranial tenderness. What is the likely diagnosis?

A

Tension type headache

32
Q

True/False. Chronic regional pain syndrome follows a dermatomal pattern.

A

False. CRPS does NOT follow a dermatomal pattern and often presents in just one limb

33
Q

What symptoms are associated with radiculopathy?

A

Sensor and motor deficits, decreased reflexes

Boards Prep (116 decks)

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