Neurological Basis of Psychiatric Dysfunction Flashcards
What is the primary neurotransmitter of the dorsal raphe nucleus?
Serotonin
For what brain structure is histamine the primary neurotransmitter?
Tuberomamillary nucleus
From what amino acid is serotonin derived?
Tryptophan
What monoamine neurotransmitter is most associated with chronic pain disorders and depression?
Norepinephrine
What neurotransmitter is primarily in the locus coeruleus?
Norepinephrine
From what amino acid is acetylcholine derived?
Serine
What is the metabolite of norepinephrine?
MHPG
From what amino acid is histamine derived?
Histidine
What neurotransmitter is most often implicated in sleep disorders?
Histamine
What is the neurotransmitter activity in patients with depression?
Decreased dopamine, serotonin, and norepinephrine
What monoamine neurotransmitter is most associated with depression and other mood disorders?
Serotonin
Typical antipsychotics generally target what neurotransmitter receptors?
Dopamine > Serotonin
What is the metabolite of serotonin?
5-HIAA
Dopamine is primarily an (excitatory/inhibitory) neurotransmitter.
Both excitatory and inhibitory depending upon the receptor
What is the metabolite of dopamine?
HVA
Atypical antipsychotics generally target what neurotransmitter receptors?
Dopamine < Serotonin
Glutamate and GABA are the primary neurotransmitters. From what amino acids are they derived?
Both are derived from glutamine. GABA is derived from glutamate
Phenylalanine derives what monoamine neurotransmitters?
Epinephrine, norepinephrine, dopamine
What monoamine neurotransmitter is most often implicated in substance abuse disorders and schizophrenia?
Dopamine
Dopamine is the primary neurotransmitter in what brain structure?
Ventral tegmental area & substantia nigra
What is the primary neurotransmitter of the Basal Nucleus of Meynert?
Acetylcholine
What is the neurotransmitter activity in patients with schizophrenia?
Increased dopamine and serotonin, with increased or decreased glutamate
GABA and serotonin levels are decreased in people with anxiety disorders. What neurotransmitter level is increased?
Norepinephrine
What is the primary neurotransmitter for the synaptic vesicles?
Glutamate & GABA
What is the safest treatment option for a mood disorder in a pregnant woman?
Electroshock Therapy