Cranial Nerve Neuropathies

Question 1

What is Giant Cell Arteritis/Temporal Arteritis?

Answer 1

Inflammation or damage to vessels in the head that may lead to blindness when involving the carotid and opthalamic arteries

Question 2

What symptoms are associated with Giant Cell Arteritis/Temporal Arteritis?

Answer 2

Headaches, claudication (pain in jaw), temporal tenderness, diplopia, vision changes/loss

Question 3

How is Giant Cell Arteritis/Temporal Arteritis diagnosed?

Answer 3

Inflammation markers, biopsy of vessel

Question 4

True/False. A patient is suspected to have temporal arteritis due to claudication and vision changes. Treatment should not be started until lab tests are completed.

Answer 4

False. In cases of suspected temporal arteritis, treatment with corticosteroids should be initiated immediately to prevent permanent vision loss.

Question 5

What steroid is commonly used to treat uncomplicated temporal arteritis with or without vision loss?

Answer 5

Prednisone

Question 6

A patient presents with facial weakness, drooling mouth, hearing loss, and an erythematous rash near the ear. What is a potential diagnosis?

Answer 6

Ramsy Hunt Syndrome

Question 7

What is Ramsy Hunt Syndrome?

Answer 7

Acute peripheral neuropathy associated with hearing loss and a rash in or around the ear

Question 8

What is HZO?

Answer 8

Reactivation of the varicella zoster virus in CN V1

Question 9

Huntinson’s sign is strongly associated with what disease?

Answer 9

Herpes zoster opthalmicus

Question 10

What is Hutchinson’s sign?

Answer 10

Lesion of the nose associated with HZO

Question 11

What symptoms are associated with HZO?

Answer 11

Hutchinson’s sign, vision changes, corneal lesions, hyperesthesia of the face

Question 12

How can Bell’s Palsy be differentiated from stroke by symptoms?

Answer 12

With Bell’s Palsy, patients cannot move muscles of the forehead/wrinkle forehead

Question 13

True/False. Eye care is especially important during treatment for Bell’s Palsy.

Answer 13

True. Patients cannot close their eyes and become prone to dryness, irritation, and corneal lesions

Question 14

What artery is most often involved in Trigeminal Neuralgia and wraps around the trigeminal nerve?

Answer 14

Superior cerebellar artery

Question 15

Carbamazepine is the first-line drug for treatment of trigeminal neuralgia. What other drugs may be used, if carbamazepine is ineffective or not tolerated?

Answer 15

Lamotrigine, Phenytoin, Baclofen

Question 16

What nerves are most commonly involved in trigeminal neuralgia?

Answer 16

V2 & V3

Question 17

What symptoms are associated with HZO?

Answer 17

Hutchinson’s sign, vision changes, corneal lesions, hyperesthesia of the face

Question 18

What disease may be associated with trigeminal neuralgia, especially in young patients <30?

Answer 18

Multiple Sclerosis

Question 19

What is the most common cause of Cavernous Sinus Syndrome?

Answer 19

Neoplastic lesion

Question 20

True/False. Cavernous Sinus Syndrome often presents with multiple cranial neuropathies.

Answer 20

True

Question 21

What is Cavernous Sinus Syndrome?

Answer 21

A condition characterized by multiple cranial neuropathies that presents with ptosis, ophthalmoplegia, and facial weakness

Question 22

What cranial nerves are most commonly invlolved with cavernous sinus syndrome?

Answer 22

CN III, IV, V1, V2, VI

Question 23

What symptoms are associated with HZO?

Answer 23

Hutchinson’s sign, vision changes, corneal lesions, hyperesthesia of the face

Question 24

What symptoms are associated with HZO?

Answer 24

Hutchinson’s sign, vision changes, corneal lesions, hyperesthesia of the face

Question 25

What symptoms are associated with HZO?

Answer 25

Hutchinson’s sign, vision changes, corneal lesions, hyperesthesia of the face

Question 26

What symptoms are associated with HZO?

Answer 26

Hutchinson’s sign, vision changes, corneal lesions, hyperesthesia of the face

Question 27

What symptoms are associated with HZO?

Answer 27

Hutchinson’s sign, vision changes, corneal lesions, hyperesthesia of the face

Question 28

What symptoms are associated with HZO?

Answer 28

Hutchinson’s sign, vision changes, corneal lesions, hyperesthesia of the face

Question 29

What symptoms are associated with HZO?

Answer 29

Hutchinson’s sign, vision changes, corneal lesions, hyperesthesia of the face

Question 30

What symptoms are associated with HZO?

Answer 30

Hutchinson’s sign, vision changes, corneal lesions, hyperesthesia of the face

Question 31

What symptoms are associated with HZO?

Answer 31

Hutchinson’s sign, vision changes, corneal lesions, hyperesthesia of the face

Question 32

What symptoms are associated with HZO?

Answer 32

Hutchinson’s sign, vision changes, corneal lesions, hyperesthesia of the face

Question 33

What symptoms are associated with HZO?

Answer 33

Hutchinson’s sign, vision changes, corneal lesions, hyperesthesia of the face

Question 34

What symptoms are associated with HZO?

Answer 34

Hutchinson’s sign, vision changes, corneal lesions, hyperesthesia of the face

Question 35

What symptoms are associated with HZO?

Answer 35

Hutchinson’s sign, vision changes, corneal lesions, hyperesthesia of the face