Pathoma: Valvular Disorders Flashcards

1
Q

Antibodies to _______ in ß-hemolytic streptococcus lead to acute rheumatic fever.

A

M proteins

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2
Q

The Jones criteria are used to diagnose __________.

A

acute rheumatic fever

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3
Q

The major Jones criteria for acute rheumatic fever are ___________.

A

JONES (joint problems, such as migratory arthralgia; O looks like a heart, which represents pancarditis; nodules in the skin; erythema marginatum, which is a rash that appears redder at the margins; and Sydenham’s chorea)

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4
Q

What are Aschoff bodies?

A

A focus of chronic inflammation and fibrinoid material with Anitschkow cells–histiocytes with caterpillar nuclei–that is characteristic of myocarditis

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5
Q

How can you distinguish aortic stenosis due to rheumatic heart disease versus wear and tear?

A

The mitral valve will always be affected in rheumatic heart disease, because that is where it starts

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6
Q

Crescendo-decrescendo murmurs are characteristic of ___________.

A

aortic stenosis

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7
Q

The most common cause of aortic regurgitation is ____________.

A

aortic root dilation

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8
Q

In addition to DCM, aortic regurgitation can lead to ____________.

A

increased pulse pressure with the typical findings of pulsatile nail bed and head bobbing with pulse

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9
Q

Mitral valve prolapse results in __________ as a heart sound.

A

mid-systolic click

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10
Q

Mitral valve regurgitation sounds become louder upon _____________.

A

squatting and expiration

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