Pathoma: Endocarditis

Question 1

Endocarditis is inflammation of the endocardium, usually due to _________.

Answer 1

bacterial infection

Question 2

The most common source of infectious endocarditis is ____________.

Answer 2

Streptococcus viridans

Question 3

Streptococcus viridans is a low-virulence organism, so it requires __________.

Answer 3

previous damage to valves

Question 4

Staphylococcus aureus is the most common cause of infection in __________.

Answer 4

IV drug abusers

Question 5

Unlike S. viridans, Staphylococcus aureus is a high-virulence organism that __________.

Answer 5

does not require prior damage to valves

Question 6

The most common bacteria that infects prosthetic valves is _________.

Answer 6

Staphylococcus epidermis

Question 7

Bacterial endocarditis from colorectal cancer most often is __________.

Answer 7

Streptococcus bovis

Question 8

Endocarditis with negative blood cultures frequently are __________.

Answer 8

due to one of the HACEK bacteria (Hemophilus, Actinobacillus, Cardiobacterium, Eikenella, and Kingella)

Question 9

Signs and symptoms of bacterial endocarditis (irrespective of the cause) include ___________.

Answer 9

fever, heart murmur, Janeway lesions (painless lesions on the palms and soles of the feet), Osler nodes (painful lesions on the hands and feet), and anemia of chronic disease

Question 10

Nonbacterial thrombotic endocarditis can result from ________; they most often present on the ________.

Answer 10

hypercoagulable states and adenocarcinoma; mitral valve

Question 11

Libman-Sacks endocarditis can result from ___________.

Answer 11

SLE