(P) Lec 3: Free-Living Pathogenic Amoeba Flashcards
These parasites, classified under free-living amoeba, can cause disease among humans thus, more appropriately called?
opportunist
FREE-LIVING PATHOGENIC AMOEBA
TOF. They exist in the environment mainly in dry, fresh water and plants.
F
Opportunist amoeba may be classified under 2 genera
Naegleria & Acanthaamoeba
This species are classified as ameboflagellate, whereby stages of development consist of flagellate- and amoeboid (non-flagellate) form
Naegleria
TOF. Acanthamoeba species do also have flagellate forms.
F
In general, Naegleria fowleri causes?
Primary Amoebic Meningoencephalitis (PAM)
TOF. Acanthamoeba culbertsoni are also able to produce PAM but to a lesser extent than that of Naegleria.
T
Naegleria fowleri
People usually get infected when contaminated water enters the body through the?
Nose
Naegleria fowleri also known as the?
brain-eating amoeba
Naegleria fowleri
TOF. This cannot cause infections from swallowing water contaminated with Naegleria.
T
Naegleria fowleri
two forms of tropho
amoeboid and flagellate forms
Naegleria fowleri
non-motile resistant form
cysts
Naegleria fowleri
colonizes water and moist soil
Tropho
Naegleria fowleri
- pear shaped
- move forward rapidly or spin
- transform into the amoeboid form, at which stage division occurs
flagellate form
Naegleria fowleri
- elongated anterior and distinctly tapered posterior end forming a single clear pseudopod at the forward end
- uroid process, posterior end
Amoeboid
Naegleria Fowleri: Trophozoite
knob- like structure called?
uroid process
Naegleria fowleri
amoeboid: size when active
7 X 20 μm
Naegleria fowleri
amoeboid: rounded size
10-5 μm (diameter)
Naegleria fowleri: Amoeboid
TOF. Each organism has a single nucleus with a small karyosome at the anterior part of the endoplasm
F (large)
Naegleria fowleri: Amoeboid
TOF. cytoplasm is filled with granules and one or more contractile vacuoles.
T
Naegleria fowleri
- forms in agar culture media and the one found in nature
- pherical with a single nucleus, measuring 7-10 μm in diameter, with a smooth, heavy, and thick wall
Cysts
Naegleria fowleri
The nucleus is not usually evident, and cyst looks empty.
Cyst
Naegleria fowleri
TOF. Stained organism will show the nucleus having the same appearance as that in the trophozoite although smaller in size.
T
This infection is acquired through instillation of trophozoite into the nose when the person swims in infected bodies of water
Naegleria fowleri infection or Primary Amebic Meningoencephalitis (PAM)
NAEGLERIA FOWLERI
TOF. The trophozoites can go into the brain via the first cranial nerve.
T
olfactory nerve epithelium
NAEGLERIA FOWLERI
TOF. The cyst form is aquatic in nature
F (tropho)
NAEGLERIA FOWLERI
unable to cause infection in experimental animals
Cyst
NAEGLERIA FOWLERI
A. Pathology is generally limited in the brain
B. Blood congestion of the Meninges
C. Olfactory bulbs become hemorrhagic with necrosis
D. Moderately purulent appearance of the Meninges
All
NAEGLERIA FOWLERI
TOF. Infection is dramatic.
T
NAEGLERIA FOWLERI
leads to neck stiffness or generalized seizure or convulsion
Meningeal irritation
NAEGLERIA FOWLERI
Symptoms (select all the possible answers)
A. Prodromal symptoms
B. Nausea and vomiting
C. Shortness of breath
D. Diarrhea
A & B
NAEGLERIA FOWLERI
Involved regions in the brain
olfactory, frontal, temporal, and cerebellar regions
NAEGLERIA FOWLERI
Involvement of this results to disturbances in the sense of smell and/or taste
olfactory bulb