(M) Nematodes: Morphology of Adenophorea and Secernentea [ascaradida] (lecture based)

Question 1

Diagnostic feature of TRICHURIS TRICHIURA egg

Answer 1

Football or barrel shaped

Question 2

TRICHURIS TRICHIURA: Gross

The worm has narrower anterior 3/5th than the posterior thus called

Answer 2

whipworm

Question 3

3-layered shelloutermost of which is brown in color, with protruding bipolar mucus plugs and laid unsegmented (without embryo)

Answer 3

Trichuris trichiura

Question 4

DF of Adult Male A. lumbricoides

Answer 4

covered with a pineal sheath

Question 5

Female: 35-40mm with attenuate anterior (3/5th), straight posterior with blunt or rounded end (gross)
Male: 0-45mm, tail end coiled to 360

Answer 5

Trichuris trichiura (whipworm)

Question 6

DF of Egg of T. spiralis

saury, larvae**

Answer 6

tightly coiled larva (or larvae)

Question 7

Male: 1.2mm (average) long x 60 micrometer in diameter
Female: 2.2mm (average) in length, about 1 1⁄2 times bigger than males

Answer 7

Trichinella spiralis (Trichina worm or Pork muscle roundworm)

Question 8

DF of adult male T. spiralis

Answer 8

pair of conical papillae

Question 9

DF Adult female T. spiralis

Answer 9

Uterus filled with semi-coiled larvae (diagnostic)

Question 10

Gross: both male and females are tiny

Answer 10

T. spiralis

Question 11

The uterus of the gravid female contains?

Answer 11

stichosomes (gland-like cells lining the esophagus)

Question 12

45 x 21μm, laid unsegmented, has slightly constricted mid-part (peanut-shaped)

Answer 12

Capillaria philippinensis (egg)

Question 13

DF Egg C. philippinensis

Answer 13

Coursely pitted shell with flattened bipolar mucus plugs

Question 14

Male: 2.3–3.17mm, with a long chitinous copulatory spicule originating in the later part of the posterior 1/4 end and extends beyond the terminal part of the posterior portion.
Female: 2.5 – 4.3mm long, body divided into the anterior with the esophagus and esophageal glands (stichosomes)

Answer 14

C. philippinensis

Question 15

DF Adult male Capillaria philippinensis

Answer 15

The spicule usually has a thin membrane attached; a ventro-lateral expansion at caudal end: (overhanging sheath)

Question 16

Flesh-colored with cylindrical body, gradually tapered posterior with a lateral whitish streak line along the entire length and with 3 lips at the anterior part (mouth)

Answer 16

Gross Ascaris lumbricoides (giant intestinal roundworm)

Question 17

Size: 88-94 x 39-44
Shape: Elongated, golden yellow in color
→ Eggshell: 2 layers, relatively thin middle shell (glycogen) layer, with little or no outer mamillated shell
→ Disorganized yolk cells (refractile masses of lecithin,
appearing like bubbles) and can’t undergo
embryonation

Answer 17

Unfertilized egg A. lumbricoides

Question 18

Size: 45-75 x 35-50 µm
Shape:a Broadly ovoid with thick eggshell which is described as golden brown in color, which consists of 4 layers
→ thick transparent innermost vitelline layer w/ mammilated outer albuminous layer
→ organized coarse mass of lecithin granules

Answer 18

Fertilized egg A. lumbricoides

Question 19

Shape: Without the outermost shell layer, thus it is broad, ovoid, and colorless
Eggshell: 2 layers (thick transparent shell, without albuminous layer)
→ Contains a mass of coarse lecithin granules, thus can develop into the embryonated stage when placed in shaded, environment soil, with moisture and good source of carbon, such as trash or dried plants and leaves.
→ Oganized yolk inside

Answer 19

Fertilized egg, decorticated A. lumbricoides

Question 20

Size: 20-35cm x 3-6mm diameter
Straight posterior end
→ Straight posterior end
→ Genitalia includes vulva at mid-ventral near the junction
of the anterior and middle 3rd of the body
→ The vulva is continuous with a single vagina that
branches to form a pair of genital tubules, each of which consists of uterus, seminal receptacle, oviduct,
and ovary that are coiled in the middle and posterior
3rd of the body.

Answer 20

Adult female A. lumbricoides

Question 21

Size: 15-31cm long x 2-4mm diameter
Shape: Curved caudal posterior
Genital: a long, single tubule made
up of testis, vas deferens, and ejaculatory duct located at the posterior half of the body and opens into the cloaca

Answer 21

Adult Male Ascaris lumbricoides (giant intestinal roundworm)

Question 22

DF of fertilized egg A. lumbricoides

Answer 22

thick transparent innermost vitelline layer w/ mammilated outer albuminous layer

Question 23

a. Slightly spherical
b. Thick coarsely pitted shell

Answer 23

Egg Toxocara canis

Question 24

a. Anterior: long and narrow cervical alae
b. Cylindrical body with tapered anterior and posterior

Answer 24

Gross TOXOCARA CANIS

Question 25

DF of Gross TOXOCARA CANIS

Answer 25

Anterior: long and narrow cervical alae

Question 26

DF of Egg TOXOCARA CANIS

Answer 26

Thick coarsely pitted shell

Question 27

a. Anterior: short and broad cervical alae
b. Cylindrical body, tapered anterior and posterior end

Answer 27

Gross Toxocara cati

Question 28

DF Gross Toxocara cati

Answer 28

Anterior: short and broad cervical alae

Question 29

a. Slightly spherical
b. Thin and finely pitted shell

Answer 29

Egg Toxocara cati

Question 30

Thin and finely pitted shell

Answer 30

Egg Toxocara cati

Question 31

The egg of toxocariasis is described as

Answer 31

Ovoid.

Question 32

Adult form of toxocariasis

The Head is Long and Narrow.

Answer 32

T. canis

Question 33

Adult form of toxocariasis

The Head is Short and Broad.

Answer 33

T. cati