(M) Plasmodium (module-based)

Question 1

Suborder

Answer 1

Haemosporina

Question 2

Phylum

Answer 2

Sporozoa

Question 3

important and cause human disease (5)

Answer 3

Plasmodium falciparum Plasmodium vivax
Plasmodium malariae
Plasmodium ovale

Question 4

discovered in some parts of Malaysia, which seems to be similar to Plasmodium falciparum and P. malariae in some aspects but, not much information, about the organism, is available at present

Answer 4

P. knowlesi

Question 5

The first reported case of P. knowlesi was in

Answer 5

2006

Question 6

P. knowlesi is normally a parasite of?

Answer 6

long tailed macaques monkey (Macaca fascicularis, Macaca irus)

Question 7

Plasmodia species, being under phylum Sporozoa, are obligate intracellular parasites, like the?

Answer 7

Eimeriina

Question 8

one of the oldest diseases of mankind

Answer 8

Malaria

Question 9

parasites undergo two different processes of multiplication, namely:

Answer 9

• sporogony
• schizogony

Question 10

the sexual process since it is described with union of sex cells with sporozoites as the end products

Answer 10

sporogony

Question 11

the asexual cycle, for which the parasites reproduce through binary fission with merozoites as the resulting organisms.

Answer 11

schizogony

Question 12

intermediate host

Answer 12

man

Question 13

definitive host

Answer 13

mosquitos

Question 14

host

supports the asexual process of multiplication

Answer 14

man

Question 15

host

having sporogony cycle in them

Answer 15

mosquitos

Question 16

first 2 being the most common species of malaria vectors in the world

Answer 16

Anopoheles flavirostris, A. minimus

Question 17

. Female mosquitoes need animal’s hemoglobin to produce their eggs and generally, they feed at night, between

Answer 17

4PM - 4AM

night-biters

Question 18

According to the Department of Health (DOH) in 2019, endemic places are as follows:

Answer 18

Palawan (approximately 90% of cases), Sulu provinces, Mindoro Occidental, and Sultan Kudarat.

Question 19

dormant form, which is present only in Plasmodium vivax and P. ovale

Answer 19

Hypnozoite (H)

Question 20

Hypnozoite is only present in?

Answer 20

P. ovale and vivax

Question 21

What plasmodiums (2) have both primary and secondary exo-erythrocytic merozoites (EEM)

Answer 21

Ovale and vivax

Question 22

These plasmodium have simply merozoites only.

Answer 22

P. falciparum and P. malariae

Question 24

already in the blood stream, have a short life span, just like sporozoites, because they are obligate intracellular parasites, thus, should be able to find the next host cells, the red blood cells.

Answer 24

Merozoites

Question 25

How is it possible for merozoites to invade rbcs?

Answer 25

the RBC has a receptor for merozoites

Question 26

Plasmodium that prefer to invade young RBC including reticulocytes

Answer 26

vivax and ovale

Question 27

prefers old or senescent RBC

Answer 27

Plasmodium malariae

Question 28

infects RBC regardless of maturity or age

Answer 28

P. falciparum

Question 29

Full entry of the merozoite inside the RBC. The parasite, inside the
host RBC, is called?

Answer 29

young trophozoite

Question 29

Young trophozoite, with a chromatin dot and thin ring of cytoplasm thus, also referred as?

Answer 29

ring form

Question 30

he parasite, as it grows, utilizes what for its nourishment?

Answer 30

hgb through through acid digestion resulting to splitting of heme (with iron) from the globin fractions

Question 31

serves as food for the parasite

Answer 31

globin

Question 32

converted to hemozoin or the malarial pigment, which may begin to appear on the cytoplasm of the parasite during this stage of development (growing tropho)

Answer 32

heme

Question 33

It causes the red blood cell to have fimbriations or become oval-shaped and these changes increase as the parasite matures

Answer 33

P. ovale

Question 34

host red blood cell may become bigger than non-infected ones

Answer 34

Plasmodium vivax

Question 35

This plasmodium has red blood cells do not necessarily change their sizes

Answer 35

P. falciparum and P. malariae

Question 36

The membrane of the host RBC will also change resulting to formation of knobs, which are referred as?

Answer 36

stippling

Question 37

The stippling are named based on the species such as

Answer 37

• Schuffner’s dot = vivax
• Zeinmman’s dot = malariae
• James’ dots = ovale
• Christopher dots, Maurer’s cleft or Garnham bodies = falciparum

Question 38

Each species has a particular period to complete the ES cycle, such as: P. vivax and ovale

Answer 38

48hrs

Question 39

Each species has a particular period to complete the ES cycle, such as: P. malariae

Answer 39

72 hours

Question 40

Each species has a particular period to complete the ES cycle, such as: P. falciparum

Answer 40

36-48 hours