Osteosarcoma Flashcards
What is Osteosarcoma?
Most common primary malignant bone cancer
Where does osteosarcoma occur?
In the metaphyseal of long bones
What bones are typically affect?
Femur
Tibia
Humerus
How does osteosarcoma present?
- Persistent bone pain
- Bone swelling
- Palpable mass
When is the bone pain worse with Osteosarcoma?
At night
How is osteosarcoma diagnosed?
X-ray within 48 hours of presenting with unexplained bone pain
How does osteosarcoma present on an x-ray?
- Sun burst appearance in periosteum
- Fluffy appearance due to destruction of normal bone
- Poorly defined lesions in the bone
- X-ray may show Codman triangle (from periosteal elevation)
What other investigations would you do?
Blood test
What would you find on a blood test?
Raised ALP
Lactate dehydrogenase
What does the level of lactate dehydrogenase indicate?
The higher the level, the worse the prognosis
Where does osteosarcoma metastasise to?
The lungs
How is osteosarcoma staged?
- CT/MRI
* Bone scan and bone biopsy
What is the management of osteosarcoma?
Resection of the tumour-sometimes require amputation
Mutation of which gene increases risk of Osteosarcoma?
Rb gene
What are pre-disposing factors for Osteosarcoma?
Paget’s disease of the bone
Radiotherapy
