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CVSOH BVSc4 > Ophth - bovine > Flashcards

Ophth - bovine Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 3 most common eye conditions in farm animals?

A

Infectious bovine keratoconjunctivitis (New forest eye)
Listeria
Infectious ovine keratoconjunctivitis (pink eye)

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2
Q

What is the alternative name for Infectious bovine keratoconjunctivitis?

A

New forest eye

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3
Q

What causes Infectious bovine keratoconjunctivitis (new forest eye)?

A

Moraxella bovis - gram negative bacillus

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4
Q

How is Infectious bovine keratoconjunctivitis (new forest eye) spread?

A

Flies

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5
Q

What increases the pathogenicity of Infectious bovine keratoconjunctivitis (new forest eye)?

A

UV light

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6
Q

What changes to the eye does Infectious bovine keratoconjunctivitis (new forest eye) cause?

A

Ulcerative keratitis - central
Cellular infiltrate and vascularisation
Descemetocoele
Corneal rupture
Blindness

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7
Q

What clinical signs does Infectious bovine keratoconjunctivitis (new forest eye) cause?

A

Ocular pain - blepharospasm, lacrimation etc.
Dullness, inappetant

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8
Q

How do you treat Infectious bovine keratoconjunctivitis (new forest eye)?

A

Topical antibiotics
Long acting systemic antibiotics
NSAIDs

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9
Q

What is the prognosis of Infectious bovine keratoconjunctivitis (new forest eye)?

A

3-4 weeks
May leave a scar

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10
Q

What is another name for listeriosis in the eye?

A

Silage eye

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11
Q

What causes listeriosis (silage eye)?

A

Gram positive bacteria - listeria monocytogenes
Found in silage if the silage isnt acidic enough/has soil in it

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12
Q

How does the listeria pathogen reach the eye?

A

Infects through excoriations in the mouth
Tracks up the trigeminal nerve to eye
Or straight into eye

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13
Q

What are the clinical signs of listeriosis (silage eye)?

A

Uveitis
Keratitis
NO ULCER

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14
Q

How is listeriosis (silage eye) different to new forest eye?

A

No ulcer

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15
Q

How do you treat listeriosis (silage eye)?

A

Systemic antibiotics - penicillin or tetracyclines
Steroids - dexamethasone

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16
Q

What other diseases can cause uveitis in cows?

A

Malignant catarrhal fever
Infectious bovine rhinotracheitis

17
Q

What causes infectious ovine keratoconjunctivitis (pink eye)?

A

Mycoplasma conjunctivae and chlamydophila psittaci ovis

18
Q

What are the risk factors for infectious ovine keratoconjunctivitis (pink eye)?

A

High stocking density
High UV light
Carrier animals

19
Q

What are the clinical signs of infectious ovine keratoconjunctivitis (pink eye)?

A

Ocular pain - blepharospasm
Initially unilateral then bilateral
Ocular mucopurulent discharge
Corneal vascularisation
Corneal oedema

20
Q

How do you treat infectious ovine keratoconjunctivitis (pink eye)?

A

Tetracyclines - will treat but remain carriers
No topical treatment

21
Q

What species of farm animal get ocular neoplasia the most?

A

Cows - more than sheep

22
Q

What is the most common ocular neoplasia in farm animals?

A

Squamous cell carcinoma

23
Q

What breed of cow gets squamous cell carcinomas on the eye the most?

A

Herefords - white faces

24
Q

Where do ocular neoplasms tend to metastasise to?

A

Parotid lymph node

25
Q

How do you treat ocular neoplasms?

A

Enucleation

26
Q

What can cause congenital cataracts?

A

Bovine viral diarrhoea

27
Q

What can cause cataracts as a secondary condition?

A

Uveitis
Trauma

28
Q

What can cause blindness in farm animals?

A

Meningoencephalitis
Pregnancy toxaemia
Lead poisoning
Hydatid disease in sheep

29
Q

What do you use to identify an ulcer in a cow?

A

Fluoresceine

CVSOH BVSc4 (86 decks)

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