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CVSOH BVSc4 > Dermatology - key terms > Flashcards

Dermatology - key terms Flashcards

1
Q

What is the difference between pruritus and pruritis?

A

Pruritus - medical term for itchy skin
Pruritis - itching

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2
Q

What is alopecia?

A

Hair loss

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3
Q

What is a bulla?

A

A blister - localised collection of fluid more than 0.5cm in diameter
Larger than a vesicle

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4
Q

What is erythema?

A

A diffuse or localised redness of the skin that can disappear when pressed

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5
Q

How can you test for erythema?

A

Diascopy - use pressure to blanche the skin, it will go white rather than red

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6
Q

What is a macule?

A

A flat circumscribed skin discolouration of less than 1cm in diameter - like a freckle
No surface elevation or depression

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7
Q

What is a nodule?

A

Circumscribed solid elevation greater than 1cm that usually extends into the dermis

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8
Q

What is a papule?

A

A small solid elevation less than 1cm in diameter
Feels solid with oedema and epidermal hyperplasia

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9
Q

What causes a papule to occur?

A

Infiltration of inflammatory cell, fluid or foreign material such as calcium

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10
Q

What is a patch?

A

A localised flat change in skin pigmentation larger that 1cm in diameter
(A big macule)

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11
Q

What is a plaque?

A

A flat topped elevation of the skin more than 0.5cm made up of a coalition of papules
Flatter than a nodule

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12
Q

What is a pustule?

A

A small circumscribed elevation of the epidermis filled with purulent material

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13
Q

What is a vesicle?

A

Small circumscribed elevation of the epidermis filled with clear fluid less than 0.5cm in diameter

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14
Q

What is a wheal?

A

A sharply circumscribed raised lesion consisting of oedema
Usually appears and disappears within minutes to hours

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15
Q

What is another word for a blister?

A

A bulla

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16
Q

What is the name for a diffuse or localised redness of the skin that can disappear when pressed?

A

Erythema

17
Q

What is another word for a freckle?

A

A macule

18
Q

What are the names for big and small solid elevations that extend into the dermis?

A

Big - nodule
Small - papule

19
Q

What is a coalition of papules called?

A

Plaque

20
Q

What is a big macule/freckle called?

A

A patch

21
Q

What is a elevation in the epidermis filled with purulent material compared to clear fluid?

A

Pustule - purulent
Vesicle - clear fluid

22
Q

How are secondary lesions caused?

A

By scratching, chewing, or other trauma to the skin
Also can be as a result of infections
May evolve from primary lesions

23
Q

What is a comedone?

A

Dilated hair follicle filled with cornified cells and sebaceous material
(blackheads)

24
Q

What is crust?

A

Dried exudate, cells, pus and scale adherent to the surface of the epidermis

25
Q

What is an epidermal collarette?

A

A circular lesion with a marginal rim of scale

26
Q

What is excoriation/erosion?

A

Superficial damage to the epidermis

27
Q

What is a fissure?

A

Linear cleavage into the epidermis - crack in the skin

28
Q

What is hyperkeratosis?

A

Increase in thickness of the cornified layer of the skin

29
Q

What is lichenification?

A

Thickening of the skin resulting in a cobblestone appearance

30
Q

What is scale?

A

Accumulation of loose fragments of the cornified layer of the skin

31
Q

What is a scar?

A

Fibrous replacement tissue formed when there has been trauma

32
Q

What is an ulcer?

A

Full thickness loss of the epidermis

33
Q

What is ulceration?

A

Full thickness loss of the epidermis exposing the dermis

34
Q

What is another word for a blackhead?

A

Comedone

35
Q

What is the name for a circular lesion with a marginal rim of scale?

A

An epidermal collarette

36
Q

What is the name for superficial damage to the epidermis?

A

Excoriation/erosion

37
Q

What is the name for increase in thickness of the cornified layer of the skin?

A

Hyperkeratosis

38
Q

What is the name for thickening of the skin resulting in a cobblestone appearance?

A

Lichenification

CVSOH BVSc4 (86 decks)

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