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BDS Stage 1 > New Cell physio > Flashcards

New Cell physio Flashcards

1
Q

What is a molar solution ?

A

when 1 mole of a solute is dissolved in 1L of solvent

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2
Q

What is a molal solution ?

A

concnetration of a substance based on the mass of the substance in a mass of solvent

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3
Q

What are the constituents of the ECF ?

A

25% plasma

75% ISF

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4
Q

What is ion movement influenced by ?

A

electrochemical gradients

made by active transport

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5
Q

What affects membrane permeability ?

A

composition of the bilayer
lipophobic/hydrophobic
size and shape of the molecules

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6
Q

What is secondary active transport ?

A

uses the concentration gradient of another molecule to push molecules against the concentration gradient - Sodium/glucose co transporter

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7
Q

What is antiport?

A

2 different molecules being transported

in different directions

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8
Q

Describe receptor mediated endocytosis ?

A

binding of a ligand to a receptor
migration of the ligand receptor complex to the clathrin coated pits
invagination in the membrane
enters endosome- goes to a lysosome

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9
Q

What is the resting membrane potential of excitbable cells ?

A

-60 to -70 mV

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10
Q

What is hyperpolarisation due to ?

A

increased activity of K channels

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11
Q

When does depolarisation take place ?

A

vm < -50

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12
Q

When does hyperpolarisation take place ?

A

Vm> -70

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13
Q

What are anchoring junctions between

A

cell to cell

cell to ECM - use integrin

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14
Q

What do adherens attach to ?

A

actin

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15
Q

What do desmosomes attach to ?

A

intermediate filaments

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16
Q

Is smooth muscle striated ?

A

no

17
Q

What do T-tubules allow for ?

A

action potentials to bypass the cytosol

move rapidly from the cell surface to the interior

18
Q

What is the A-band ?

A

full length of the thick filament

19
Q

What is the H-zone ?

A

central region of the A-band- lighter as no overlap

20
Q

What is not present in smooth muscle ?

A

troponin

21
Q

What is the pattern of myosin head movement ?

A 
myosin head binds to actin - ADP and Pi on surface 
powerstroke 
ADP and Pi Dissociate
ATP binds 
head detaches 
hydrolysis- recocking
binds
22
Q

What is the mechanism of cardiac muscle contraction ?

A 
Sodium ions enter
Alters the DHP receptor
activates RyR receptor
calcium enters from SERCA
stimualtion of contractile apparatus
23
Q

What is the mechanism of cardiac muscle relaxation ?

A 
calcium uptake into SERCA
Na/Ca exchanger
Na/K ATPase
activation of potassium channels 
calcium no longer binds to troponin- tropomyosin recovers binding site
24
Q

Smooth muscle contraction ?

A

calcium binds to calmodulin
calcium-calmodulin complex activates MLCK
Phosphorylate myosin head
cross bridges

25
Q

Smooth muscle relaxation ?

A

Calcium decreases
unbinds from calmodulin
MLCK activity decreasee
Myosin phospatase reduces activity of the myosin head

BDS Stage 1 (39 decks)

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