Gastrointestinal Tract Flashcards
Where do the fleshy fibres of the central tendon of the diaphragm converge ?
at the central tendon
What type of muscle is the diaphragm ?
skeletal muscles
What are the 2 recesses of the diaphragm ?
the costomediastinal and the costodiaphragmatic recess
What are the attachments of the diaphragm ?
sternal
costal
vertebral
What is the sternal attachment of the diaphragm ?
the xiphoid process
What is the costal attachment of the diaphragm ?
lower 6 costal cartilages
What are the vertebral attachments of the diaphragm ?
the left and right crus and the lumbocostal arches
What are the parts of the diaphragm that arise from the vertebra known as ?
the right and left crus
Where does the right crus arise from ?
arises from L1-L3 and some fibres of the oesophageal opening
Where does the left crus arise from ?
arises from L1-L2
What are the types of lumbocostal arches ?
the median and lateral
What are the 3 diaphragmatic apertures ?
aortic , caval and oesophageal
What is the vertebral level of the aortic opening ?
T12
What is the vertebral level of the oesophageal opening ?
T10 - it passes through the right crus not the central tendon of the diaphragm ?
What is the vertebral level of the caval opening ?
T8- though the central tendon
What structures pass through the caval hiatus ?
Inferior vena cava
right phrenic nerve
What structures pass through the oesophageal hiatus ?
oesophagus
right and left Vagus
Left gastric artery and vein
What structures pass through the aortic hiatus ?
aorta
thoracic duct
azygous vein
sympathetic chain
What is the motor innervation of the diaphragm ?
c3,c4 and c5 anterior ramii that form the phrenic nerve
What is the sensory Innervation of the Diaphragm ?
Centrally- phrenic nerve
laterally- lower 5 intercostal nerves
What are the functions of the diaphragm ?
ventilation - pull down the central tendon to increase thoracic volume
What are the muscles of the anterior abdominal wall ?
rectus abdominis
external oblique
internal oblique
trasnversus abdominis
What runs deep to the transversus abdominis
the transvercalis fascia
What are the directions of the fibres of external oblique ?
Inferomedially