Laryngeal muscles and membranes, Muscles of the soft palate and the pharynx

Question 1

What are the attachments of superior constrictor ?

Answer 1

arises from the Pterygomandibular raphe , alveolar process of the mandible and the medial pterygoid plate and inserts into the pharyngeal raphe

Question 2

What are the attachments of Middle constrictor ?

Answer 2

Arises from the stylohyoid ligament and the bony interval between the greater and lesser cornu and inserts into the pharyngeal raphe

Question 3

What are the attachmenets of thyropharyngeus ?

Answer 3

Arises from the oblique line of the thyroid cartilage and inserts into the pharyngeal raphe

Question 4

What are the attachments of cricopharyngeus ?

Answer 4

Arises from the cricoid lamina and inserts into the pharyngeal raphe

Question 5

What is the innervation of the circular constrictor muscles ?

Answer 5

pharyngeal plexus of the vagus

Question 6

What are the attachments of Stylopharyngeus ?

Answer 6

Arises from the styloid process and inserts into the hyoid bone and the thyroid cartilage

Question 7

What is the role of the stylophaaryngeus ?

Answer 7

elevate the pharynx

Question 8

What are the attachments of palatopharyngeus ?

Answer 8

Arises from the opening of the opening of the auditory tube and the palatine aponeurosis and inserts into the thyroid cartilage and the hyoid bone

Question 9

What are the attachments of the salpingopharyngeus ?

Answer 9

arises from the opening of the auditory tube and inserts into the fibres of palatopharyngeus

Question 10

What is the innervation of the longitudinal muscles of the pharynx ?

Answer 10

pharyngeal plexus of the vagus

EXCEPT for stylopharyngeus which is glossopharyngeal

Question 11

What is the role of palatopharyngeus ?

Answer 11

elevate the pharynx and the larynx

seal the oral cavity from the oropharynx

Question 12

What is the role of the salpingopharyngeus ?

Answer 12

control the opening and closing of the auditory tube

Question 13

What are the attachments of palatopharyngeus ?

Answer 13

Arises from the opening of the auditory tube and the palatine aponeurosis and inserts into the thyroid cartilage and the hyoid bone

Question 14

What are the attachments of palatoglossus ?

Answer 14

arises from the palatine aponeurosis and inserts into the lateral aspect of the tongue

Question 15

What are the attachments of levator veli palatini ?

Answer 15

Arises from the opening of the auditory tube and the petrous part of the temporal bone and inserts into the palatine aponeurosis

Question 16

What is the role of levator veli palatini ?

Answer 16

contract to raise the soft palate and seal the nasopharynx from the oropharynx q

Question 17

What are the attachments of tensor veli palatini ?

Answer 17

Arises from the scaphoid fossa, medial pterygoid plate and the opening of the auditory tube and inserts into the tendon that spread across the hamulus

Question 18

What are the attachments of musculus uvulae ?

Answer 18

Arises from the posterior nasal spine and inserts into the uvula

Question 19

What is the role of the musculus uvuluae ?

Answer 19

Seal the nasopharynx

Question 20

What is the innervation of the muscles of the soft palate ?

Answer 20

Pharyngeal plexus of the vagus EXCEPT for tensor veli palatini which is innervated by v3 from the otic ganglion

Question 21

What are the extrinsic laryngeal membranes ?

Answer 21

thyrohyoid

cricotracheal

Question 22

What are the intrinsic laryngeal membranes ?

Answer 22

cricothyroid - conus elasticus

quadrangular

Question 23

What are the attachments of the thyrohyoid membrane ?

Answer 23

joins in the inferior aspect of the hyoid bone

superior border of thyroid cartilage

Question 24

What are the attachments of the cricotracheal membrane ?

Answer 24

joins the cricoid cartilage to the trachea

Question 25

What are the attachments of the cricothyroid membrane ?

Answer 25

between the true vocal folds and the superior border of the cricoid cartilage

Question 26

What are the attachments of the quadrangular membrane ?

Answer 26

from the epiglottis to the arytenoid cartilage

Question 27

What do the false vocal folds consist of ?

Answer 27

the free border of the quadrangular membrane

Question 28

What is the space between the true vocal folds called ?

Answer 28

rima glottidis

Question 29

What is the cricothyroid joint ?

Answer 29

joint between the inferior cornu of the thyroid cartilage and the facets on the cricoid lamina

Question 30

What does the cricothyroid joint allow ?

Answer 30

gliding of the thyroid cartilage on the cricoid cartilage | lengthens and shortens the vocal folds

Question 31

What is the cricoarytenoid joint ?

Answer 31

joint between the facet on the base of the arytenoid cartilages and the facet on the cricoid lamina

Question 32

What does the cricoarytenoid joint allow ?

Answer 32

prevent translatory movements | abduct and adducts the vocal folds

Question 33

What are the attachments of the aryepiglottic muscle ?

Answer 33

Arises from the muscular process of the arytenoid cartilage and inserts into the apex of the opposite arytenoid cartilage and the epiglottis

Question 34

What is the function of the aryepiglottic muscle ?

Answer 34

close the laryngeal inlet

Question 35

What are the attachments of the thyroepiglottic muscle ?

Answer 35

Arises from the thyroid cartilage and inserts into the epiglottis

Question 36

What is the function of thyroepiglottic muscle ?

Answer 36

closes the vestibule

Question 37

What are the attachments of posterior cricoarytenoid ?

Answer 37

Ariese from the posterior aspect of the cricoid lamina and inserts into the muscular process of the arytenoid cartilage ?

Question 38

What is the fucntion of the posterior cricoarytenoid ?

Answer 38

contracts to spin the arytenoid cartilages and abduct the vocal folds - open the rima glottidis

Question 39

What are the attachments of the lateral cricoarytenoid ?

Answer 39

Arises from the lateral aspect of the cricoid cartilage and inserts into arytenoid cartilage

Question 40

What is the role of the lateral cricoarytenoid ?

Answer 40

spins the arytenoid cartilages abduct the vocal folds close the rima glottidis

Question 41

What are the attachments of interarytenoid ?

Answer 41

Arises from the muscular process of the arytenoid cartilage and inserts into the opposite one as either transverse or oblique fibres

Question 42

What is the function of the rima glottidis ?

Answer 42

adduct the vocal folds | close rima glottidis

Question 43

What are the attachments of cricothyroid ?

Answer 43

Arises from the anterior aspect of the cricoid cartilage and inserts into posterior aspect of the thyroid cartilage

Question 44

What is the action of cricothyroid ?

Answer 44

lengthen the vocal folds- the thyroid cartilage moves over the cricoid cartilage

Question 45

What are the attachments of thyroarytenoid ?

Answer 45

arises from the internal aspect of the thyroid lamina and inerts into the lateral aspect of the arytenoid cartilage

Question 46

What is the function of thyroarytenoid ?

Answer 46

closes the vestibule | shorten the vocal folds

Question 47

What are the attachments of vocalis ?

Answer 47

Arises from the thyroarytenoid but inserts into the vocal process

Question 48

What is the fucntion of the voclais ?

Answer 48

shorten the vocal folds ] | control the pitch

Question 49

What is the innervation of the laryngeal muscles ?

Answer 49

recurrent laryngeal nerve EXCEPT for cricothyroid which is the external laryngeal br

Question 50

What is the innervation of vocal folds and above ?

Answer 50

internal branch of superior laryngeal

Question 51

What is the innervation of the vocal folds and below ?

Answer 51

recurrent laryngeal nerve

Question 52

Describe the cough reflex ?

Answer 52

The presence of a foreign body in the supraglottic cavity sends impulses to the brain. There is deep inspiration the vocal folds to adduct tightly this increases intrathoracic pressure and pressure rises and results in a cough which should dislodge the foreign body