New anatomy Flashcards
What is the motor innervation of the tongue ?
XII except for Palatoglossus - pharyngeal plexus of X
What is the function of tonsils ?
present antigens to leukocytes
What provides sensory innervation to the majority of the pharynx ?
IX
What are the 2 regions of the pharynx not innervated by IX ?
Soft palate- V2 (lesser palatine)
Laryngeal inlet- X
What are the considerations that must be made when fitting a prosthesis in relation to the soft palate ?
prosthesis must be made far away enough from the vibrating line so that it doesn’t move when the soft palate moves
Burning mouth syndrome- Poorly made prosthesis push on the incisive fossa and cause pain
Name 3 ways the airways are protected during swallowing ?
epiglottis is lowered
vocal folds are adducted and the rima glottidis is closed
ventilation is suspended
Describe the process of the cough reflex ?
- Foreign body detected in the supraglottic cavity
- Deep inspiration and vocal fold adduction
- Increase in thoracic pressurre
- Vocal folds forcefully opened and foreign body dislodged.
Describe the stages involved in phonation (sound production) ?
- Vocal folds adducted during expiration
- Pressure rises
- Vocal folds abducted
- Pressure decreases and the vocal folds adduct again.
What is the safety muscle ?
Genioglossus
Where can you find V3 in the infratemporal fossa ?
between the lateral and medial pterygoid muscles
What does the parotid duct pierce ?
buccinator
Where does the long buccal nerve pass ?
between the 2 heads of lateral pterygoid around the masseter and pierces the buccinator
Where does the inferior alveolar nerve pass ?
lateral to the lingual nerve and superficial to the lateral pterygoid muscles.
What does the pterygoid plexus venus communicate with ?
cavernous sinus
inferior opthalmic vein
Where is zygomaticus major in relation to minor ?
major is more lateral than minor
What muscle type are the muscles of facial expression derived from ?
panniculus canosus
What is the derivation of the muscles of facial expression ?
2nd pharyngeal arch mesoderm
What are the attachments of the pterygomandibular raphe ?
arises from the hamulus of the medial pterygoid and inserts into the posterior part of the mylohyoid line
What is the importance of buccinator ?
keeps cheeks taught
attachment determines infection spread
How can you test the zygomatic branch of VII ?
close eyes tightly
How can you test buccal branch of VII ?
blow out
How can you test mandibular branch of VII
whistle
What are the actions of styloglossus ?
create a trough
What are the attachments of thyroarytenoid ?
Arises from the internal aspect of the thyroid cartilage and inserts into the lateral aspect of the arytenoid cartilage