Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

BDS Stage 1 > Anatomy theme 2 > Flashcards

Anatomy theme 2 Flashcards

1
Q

How many vertebrae does the neck contain ?

A

7 cervical vertebrae

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is the structure of the hyoid bone ?

A

body
lesser cornue
greater cornue
from the lateral aspect a concave inferior surface is visible

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What are the typical features of a vertebra ?

A 
body
bony pedicle
lamina 
vertebral foramen 
bilateral superior and inferior articulating facets
spinous process 
transverse process
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What does C1 not have ?

A

a body

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is different about c2 and c7 ?

A

c2 has a dens - the body of the C1

c7 has a slender spinous process rather than a slender spinous process

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What are different about cervical vertebrae ?

A

they have a bifid spinous process

they have a transverse foramen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is the atlanto occipital joint between ?

A

the occipital condyles and the superior articulating facets of the atlas

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

How can the atlanto-occipital joint be described ?

A

bilateral , synovial joint

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What does the atlanto-occipital joint allow for ?

A

YES movements

lateral flexion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What does the atlanto-axial join ?

A

articulation between the superior articulating facets of the axis and the inferior articulating facets of the atlas
also an articulation between the dens of the axis and the anterior arch of the atlas

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What does the atlanto-axial joint allow for ?

A

No movements

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What ligament runs between the axis and the atlas ?

A

the transverse band of the cruciform ligament

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What does the transverse band of the cruciform ligament run between ?

A

the dens of the axis and the anterior arch of the atlas

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What ligament runs between the atlas and the skull ?

A

atlanto-occipital membrane

between the anterior arch of the atlas and the tip of the foramen magnum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Which ligaments run between the axis and the skull ?

A

posterior longitudunal ligament
bilateral alar ligaments
apical ligament

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What does the posterior longitudinal ligament run between ?

A

it connects the dens of the axis and the basioccipit

it continues superiorlry as the tectorial membrane

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What do the bilateral alar ligaments run between ?

A

tip of the dens to the foramen magnum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What does the apical ligament run between ?

A

in the midline

tip of the dens to the foramen magnum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What are the boundaries of the posterior triangle of the neck ?

A

posterior border of sternocleidomastoid
anterior border of trapezius
middle third of the clavicle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Where does the apex of the posterior triangle lie ?

A

on the superior nuchal line

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What does the superficial fascia of the neck contain ?

A

the platysma

cutaneous nerves and vessles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

What does the deep investing layer of cervial fascia run around in the neck

A

it runs across the whole circumference and splits into 2 to encase the sternocleidomastoid and the trapezius

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

What does the pre-tracheal fasccia encase ?

A

the oesophagus
the thyroid gland
the trachea

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

What does the pre-vertebral fascia encase ?

A

the cervical vertebrae

the muscles of the roof of the posterior triangle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

What does the carotid sheath contain ?

A

the internal jugular vein
the common carotid artery
and the vagus nerve

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

What does the sternocleidomastoid arise from ?

A

medial third of the clavicle

manubrium sterni

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

Where does the sternocleidomastoid insert ?

A

mastoid process

lateral third of the superior nuchal line

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

What innervates sternocleidomastoid ?

A

spinal accessory nerve

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

What is the action of sternocleidomastoid ?

A

acts bilaterally flex the neck

can act individually to rotate the neck and place the mastoid process on the shoulder

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

Where does trapezius originate from ?

A

medial half of the superior nuchal line

external occipital protuberance

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

Where does trapezius insert ?

A

into the lateral third of the clavicle

the scapula

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

What innervates the trapezius ?

A

spinal accessory

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

What is the action of sternocleidomastoid ?

A

contracts to rotate and elevate the scapula

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

Where does the platysma arise from ?

A

the superficial fascia of the neck

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

What does the platysma do ?

A

tightens the skin of the neck

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
36
Q

What innervates the platysma ?

A

cervical branches of the facial nerve

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
37
Q

Where do scalenus anterior and scalenus medius insert into ?

A

first rib

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
38
Q

What are the cutaneous nerves of the posterior triangle ?

A

lesser occipital
supraclavicular
greater auricular
transverse cervical

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
39
Q

Where is the lesser occipital nerve ?

A

posterior border of sternocleidomastoid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
40
Q

What does the lesser occipital nerve innervate >

A

skin behind the ear

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
41
Q

Where is the greater auricular nerve ?

A

ascends on the sternocleidomastoid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
42
Q

What does the greater auricular nerve innervate ?

A

skin overlying the mastoid process

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
43
Q

Where is the transverse cervical nerve ?

A

crosses sternocleidomatoid laterally

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
44
Q

What does the transverse cervical nerve innervate ?

A

skin overlying the anterior neck ?

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
45
Q

Where are the suprclavicular nerves ?

A

they run over the clavicle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
46
Q

What do the supraclavicular nerves innervate ?

A

the upper chest

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
47
Q

What is the root value of the lesser occipital nerve ?

A

C1-C2

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
48
Q

What is the root value of the gretser auruvualr nerve ?

A

C2-C3

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
49
Q

What is the root value of the transverse cervical nerve ?

A

C2-C3

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
50
Q

What is the root value of the supraclavicular nerves ?

A

C3-C4

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
51
Q

What is the positon of the spinal accessory nerve ?

A

lies on levator scapulae

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
52
Q

What is the psotion iof the phrenic nerve ?

A

lies in scalenus anterior

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
53
Q

What is the root value of the phrenic nerve ?

A

c3-c5

54
Q

What does the phrenic nerve innervate ?

A

the diaphram

55
Q

Where is the brachial plexus and what does it innervate ?

A

superior to the clavicle

innervates the arm

56
Q

What is the root value of the brachial plexus ?

A

C5-C8 and T1

57
Q

What are the boundaries of the anterior triangle of the neck ?

A

The midline
the inferior border of the mandible
anterior border of sternocleidomastoid

58
Q

What is the apex of the anterior triangle ?

A

the sternum

59
Q

What do the infrahyoid muscles do ?

A

depress the hyoid bone
lengthen the vocal tract
lower the larynx

60
Q

Where are the infrahyoid muscles ?

A

they are below the hyoid bone

they are strap muscles

61
Q

What are the 4 infrahyoid muscles ?

A

omohyoid
sternohyoid
sternothyroid
thyrohyoid

62
Q

Which of the infrahyoid muscles are deep ?

A

thyrohyoid

sternothyroid

63
Q

Which of the infrahyoid muscles are superficial ?

A

omohyoid

sternohyoid

64
Q

What are the attachments of the omohyoid muscle ?

A

the superior belly originates from the lower body of the hyoid bone and inserts into the tendon
the inferior belly originates from the tendon and inserts into the scapula

65
Q

What innervates omohyoid ?

A

Ansa cervicalis

C1-C3

66
Q

What are the origins and insertions of Sternohyoid

A

originates from the sternum

inserts into the hyoid bone

67
Q

What innervates sternohyoid ?

A

ansa cervicalis C1-C3

68
Q

Where is sternohyoid ?

A

anterior to the trachea and medial to omohyoid

69
Q

What are the origins and insertions of the sternothyroid ?

A

originates from the thyroid cartilage

and inserts into the sternum

70
Q

What innervates sternothyroid ?

A

Ansa cervicalis - C1-C3

71
Q

Where can sternothyroid be found ?

A

depp to sternohyoid

72
Q

What are the origins and insertions of thyrohyoid ?

A

originates from the thyroid cartilage and inserts into the hyoid bone

73
Q

What innervates thyrohyoid ?

A

C1 fibres that hitchike along the hypoglossal nerve

74
Q

What is the function of the suprahyoid muscles ?

A

raise the hyoid bone and the larynx

depresses the mandible

75
Q

What are the suprahyoid muscles ?

A

post/ant bellies of digastric
geniohyoid
mylohyoid
stylohyoid

76
Q

What are the origins and insertions of the ant belly of digastric ?

A

originates from the digastric fossa of the mandible and inserts into a tendon on the hyoid bone

77
Q

What are the origins and insertions of the post belly of digastric ?

A

originates from the tendon on the hyoid bone and inserts into the mastoid process

78
Q

What innervates the post belly of digastric ?

A

cervical branch of the facial nerve

79
Q

What innervates the anterior belly of digastric ?

A

nerve to mylohyoid

80
Q

What are the origins and insertion of mylohyoid ?

A

originates from the mylohyoid line on the mandible and inserts into the hyoid bone

81
Q

What innervates mylohyoid ?

A

nerve to mylohyoid

82
Q

Where does the stylohyoid muscle originate and insert ?

A

arises from the styloid process and inserts into hyoid bone

83
Q

What is the innervation of stylohyoid ?

A

cervical branch of the facial nerve

84
Q

What are the origins and insertions of Geniohyoid ?

A

inferior geniall tubercles on the mandible and inserts into the hyoid bone

85
Q

Where does the common carotid artery arise from ?

A

aorta

86
Q

At what level does the common carotid artery bifurcate ?

A

C4

hyoid bone

87
Q

What is the carotid sinus ?

A

a control point

contains blood pressure receptors and stretch receptors - homeostasis

88
Q

Does the internal carotid artery give any branches in the neck ?

A

no - keeps the vblood suppky for the skull oxygen rich

89
Q

What are the branches of the external carotid artery ?

A 
superior thyroid 
Ascending pharyngeal 
lingual 
facial 
occipital 
posterior auricular
90
Q

What are the 2 terminal branches of the ext carotid ?

A

maxillary

superficial temporal

91
Q

Where does the vagus nerve leave the skull ?

A

jugular fo

92
Q

Is the vagus nerve sensory or motor ?

A

both

93
Q

What are the 3 main branches in the neck of the Vagus ?

A

pharyngeal branch of the vagus
superior laryngeal nerve
right recurrent laryngeal

94
Q

What does the sup laryngeal nerve divide into ?

A

the int/ext laryngeal nerve

95
Q

What makes the ansa cervicalis ?

A

descendant hypoglossi - hypoglossal passes over the top
descendant cervicalis
roots of c1-c3

96
Q

Where does the right subclavian artery come from ?

A

the right braciocephalic artery

97
Q

Where does the left subclavian artery come from ?

A

the aorta

98
Q

Where does the subclavian artery pass ?

A

posterior to the attachment of scalenus anterior to the first rib

99
Q

What are the branches of the first part of the subclavian artery ?

A

vertebral artery
thyrocervical trunk
the internal thoracic artery

100
Q

What are the branches of the thyrocervical trunk ?

A

inferior thyroid artery
suprascapular artery
transverse cervical artery

101
Q

What does the vertebral artery do ?

A

it ascends in the foramen transversarium from C6 onwards and then passes to the Fo.Magnum

102
Q

What does the internal thoracic artery do ?

A

runs parallel to the sternum

103
Q

What does the second part of the subclavian artery contain ?

A

the costocervical trunk

104
Q

Where does the subclavian vein pass >?

A

anterior the the attachment of scalenus anterior to the first rib

105
Q

Where does the brachial plexus emerge ?

A

it emerges in the spce between scalenus anterior and scalenus medius

106
Q

Where does the phrenic nerve pass ?

A

on scalenus anterior

107
Q

What is the root value of the phrenic nerve ?

A

C3-C5

108
Q

What are the parts of the thyroid gland ?

A

superior and inferior poles that are joined by an isthmus

109
Q

What part of the trachea does the isthmus of the thyroid gland pass over ?

A

the 2nd and 3rd tracheal rings

110
Q

What is the arterial supply to the thyroid gland ?

A

superior thyroid artery - from the external carotid

inferior thyroid artery - from the thyrocervical trunk of the 1st part of the subclavian artery

111
Q

What is the venous drainage of the thyroid gland ?

A

superior middle and inferior thyroid veins

112
Q

What do the superior and middle thyroid veins drain into ?

A

they drain into the internal jugular vein

113
Q

What does the inferior thyroid vein drain into ?

A

left braciocephalic vein

114
Q

What do lymph nodes do ?

A

they act as filters and add lymphocytes to the fluid

115
Q

What are the 2 types of the lymph nodes in the head and neck ?

A

deep cervical and superficial

116
Q

What are the superficial nodes of the neck ?

A 
parotid nodes 
mastoid nodes 
occipital nodes 
submental 
submandibular nodes
117
Q

What are the deep cervical nodes of the chain ?

A

juulo digastric
jugulo omohyoid
retropharyngeal

118
Q

What do the submental nodes drain ?

A

they drian the chin , tip of tongue and lower lip

119
Q

What do the submental nodes drain into ?

A

jugulo omohyoid nodes

120
Q

What do the submandibular nodes drain into ?

A

the jugulo-omohyoid nodes

121
Q

What do the parotid nodes drian ?

A

eyelids
temples
cheeks
external auditory meatus

122
Q

What do the parotid nodes drain into ?

A

digastric nodes of the deep cerival chain

123
Q

What do the mastoid nodes drain into ?

A

scalp and the auricle

124
Q

What do the mastoid nodes drain into ?

A

jugulo-digastric nodes

125
Q

What do the occipital nodes drain into ?

A

jugulo-omohyoid nodes

126
Q

What are the retropharyngeal nodes ?

A

they are located between the posterior wall of the pharynx and the pre vertebral fascia

127
Q

What is between fascia ?

A

spaces that allow infection to develop

128
Q

What can lead to routes to infection ?

A

venous routes

129
Q

what are effective barriers to infection spread ?

A

dense fascial layers

130
Q

What unites loose fascial planes and what can this lead to ?

A

loose connective tissue

infection can destroy the tissue and this leads to spaces fro infection to develop

131
Q

What does the thyrocervical trunk contain ?

A

transverse cervical
inferior thyroid
suprascapular arteries

132
Q

What nerve is closely related to the superior thyroid artery ?

A

external branch of the superior laryngeal

BDS Stage 1 (39 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions