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BDS Stage 1 > Anatomy theme 3 > Flashcards

Anatomy theme 3 Flashcards

1
Q

Where does the facial nerve leave the Skull ?

A

Stylomastoid Foramen

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2
Q

Where does the facial nerve go after leaving the skull ?

A

enters the parotid gland

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3
Q

What are the 5 branches of the facial nerve and what do they do ?

A 
motor to the muscles of facial expression and some suprahyoid muscles 
Temporal 
Zygomatic 
Buccal 
Mandibular 
Cervical
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4
Q

What are common features of the Muscles of facial expression ?

A

All innervated by the facial nerve
common embryological origin - 2nd Pharyngeal arch
originate from bine and insert into the skin

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5
Q

What do the muscles of facial expression act as ?

A

sphinctors and dliators

round the facial orifices

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6
Q

What are the 3 parts of Obicularis Oculi ?

A

orbital part
Palperabal Part
Lacrimal Part

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7
Q

What is the origin and insertion of the Orbital part ?

A

originates from the medial orbital margin

Inserts into the skin around the orbit

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8
Q

What is the origin and insertion of the Palperabal part >

A

Originates from the Medial palperabal ligament and inserts into the eyelids

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9
Q

What is the origin and insertion of the lacrimal part ?

A

originates from the lacrimal bone

inserts into the medial aspect of the eye lids

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10
Q

What is the innervation of Obicularis Oculi ?

A

Facial nerve - T and Z branches

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11
Q

What is the action of the orbital part ?

A

forcefully closes the eyelids

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12
Q

What is the action of the palperabal part ?

A

gently closes the eyelids

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13
Q

What is the role of the lacrimal part ?

A

tears

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14
Q

What is the role of obicularis oculi ?

A

it is a sphincter that controls the opening and closing of the orbital orifice

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15
Q

What is the origin and insertion of Procerus ?

A

originates from the fascia over the dorsum of the nose

inserts into the skin over the Glabella

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16
Q

What is the innervation of Procerus ?

A

facial nerve - T andZ branches

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17
Q

What is the action of procerus ?

A

contraction produces wrinkling over the bridge of the nose

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18
Q

What is the origin and insertion of Frontalis ?

A

Originates from the aponeurosis of the scalp

Inserts into the skin over the eyebrow

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19
Q

What is the innervation of Frontalis ?

A

Facial nerve - Temporal branch

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20
Q

What is the action of Frontalis ?

A

contraction produces wrinkling over the brow

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21
Q

What is the innervation of mentalis ?

A

Facial nerve - Mandibular branch

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22
Q

What is the action of Mentalis ?

A

protrudes the lip

puckers the skin of the chin

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23
Q

What is the innervation of the Compressor Naris ?

A

Facial Nerve - Zygomatic and Buccal branches

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24
Q

What is the innervation of the Dilator Naris ?

A

Facial Nerve - Zygomatic and Buccal branches

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25
What is the origin and insertion of Depressor Septi ?
arises from thhe incisive fossa of the maxilla and inserts into the nasal septum
26
What is the innervation of depressor septi ?
Facial nerve - buccal branch
27
What is the action of depressor septi ?
move the apex of the nose
28
What is the origin and insertion of Obicularis Oris ?
arises from the incisive fossa of the maxilla and the mandible inserts into the skin around the lip
29
What is the innervation of Obicularis Oris ?
Facial nerve - zygomatic buccal and mandubular branches
30
What is the action of orbicularis oris ?
sphincter presses the lips against the teeth protrudes the lips
31
What is the innervation of Levator Anguli Oris ?
Facial nerve - Zygomatic and Buccal branches
32
What is the action of levator anguli oris ?
it lifts the angle of the mouth
33
What is the innervation of depressor anguli oris ?
facial nerve - buccal and mandibular branches
34
What is the action of depressor anguli oris ?
pull the angle of the mouth downwards
35
What is the innervation of of Zygomaticus Major ?
Facial nerve - Zygomatic and buccal branches
36
What is the action of zygomaticus major ?
it draws the angle of the mouth upwards and backwards
37
What is the innervation of Zygomaticus minor ?
Facial nerve - Zygomatic and buccal branches
38
What is the action of Zygomaticus minor ?
raises the upper lip
39
What is the function of levator labii superioris ?
it elevates the upper lip | alaeque nasi flares the nostril
40
What is the origin and insertion of Depressor Labii inferioris ?
originates from the oblique line of the mandible | Inserts into the lower lip
41
What is the innervation of depressor labii inferioris ?
Facial nerve - Mandibular
42
What is the action of Depressor Labii inferioris ?
depresses the lower lip
43
What is a dermatome ?
an area of skin innervated by a single nerve
44
How many dermatomes are there ?
5
45
Where does V1 enter the head ?
Superior orbital fissure
46
Where does V2 enter the head ?
Fo. Rotundum
47
Where does V3 enter the head ?
Fo.Ovale
48
What supplies the dermatome posterior the ear ?
anterior ramii of C1-C3 spinal nerves
49
What supplies the most posterior dermatome ?
posterior ramii of C1-C3 spinal nerves
50
Which nerves supply sensory innervation to the face ?
``` Supra orbital nerve Auriculotemporal nerve infraorbital nerve long buccal nerve mental nerve ```
51
What is the mental nerve a branch of ?
inferior alveolar nerve
52
The infraorbital nerve is of which division of the trigeminal ?
V2
53
the supraorbital nerve is of what division of the trigeminal ?
V1
54
The auriculotemporal nerve is of what division of the trigeminal ?
v3
55
The long buccal nerve is of what division of the V ?
V3
56
What are the muscles of mastication ?
temporalis masseter lateral pteygoid medial pterygoid
57
Where do the muscles generally arise and insert ?
arise form bone span the TMJ insert into the mandible
58
What is the common origin of the muscles of mastication ?
1st pharyngeal arch
59
What are the muscles of mastication innervated by ?
v3
60
What is the origin and insertion of masseter ?
arises from the zygomatic arch | inserts into the ramus of the mandible
61
What is the innervation of masseter ?
V3- nerve to masseter
62
What is the action of Masseter ?
powerful elevator of the mandible | multipennate
63
What is the origin and insertion of temporalis ?
``` arises from the temporal fossa and the deep temporal fascia Inserts into the coronoid process of the mandible ramus of Mandible Retromolar fossa ```
64
What is the innervation of temporalis ?
v3 - nerve to temporalis
65
What type of muscle is temporalis ?
bipennate | short fibres limit jaw opening
66
What is the action of temporalis ?
limits jaw opening | elevates and retracts mandible
67
What is the origin and insertion of lateral pterygoid ?
Inferior head - arises from lateral pterygoid plate and inserts into pterygoid fovea Superior head - arises from IFTS of greater wing of Sphenoid and inserts into the Pterygoid Fovea
68
What is the innervation of lateral pterygoid ?
v3- nerve to lateral pterygoid
69
What is the origin and insertion of medial pterygoid ?
Superficial head arises from the Maxiallary tuberosity inserts into the Ramus od the Mandible Deep head - Arises from the medial aspect of the lateral pterygoid late and inserts into the ramus of the mandible
70
What is the action of lateral pterygoid ?
inferior head - pulls the jaw forward and protracts the mandible superior head - elevates the mandible
71
What is the innervation of medial pterygoid ?
V3- Nerve to medial pterygoid
72
What is the action of medial pterygoid ?
allows the mandible to move to opposite sides
73
What type of gland is the parotid gland ?
salivary
74
What is the parotid gland wrapped in ?
the parotid capsule - part of the deep investing layer of fascia
75
What is the relationship of the parotid duct to Buccinator ?
the parotid duct pierces buccinator in an S shape to prevent substances moing up it in mastication
76
What nerve innervates the Parotid duct ?
Glosspharyngeal
77
What is deep to the parotid gland ?
Sternocleidomastoid | Post. Digastric
78
What is antero-medial to the parotid gland ?
masseter post digastric stylohyoid
79
What is intermediate to the parotid gland ?
styloid apparatus internal carotid internal jugular
80
What is within the parotid gland ?
retromandibular vein external carotid artery facial nerve
81
Where does the common carotid artery bifurcate ?
in the parotid gland | internal carotid goes behind it
82
What is the facial artery a branch of ?
external carotid
83
What are the branches of the facial artery ?
sub mental arteries nasal branches superior/inferior labial branches angular arteries
84
Where is the angular artery ?
medial corner of the eye
85
What are the branches of the superficial temporal artery
transverse facial artery
86
What does the angular vein from from the union of ?
supra trochlear | supraorbital
87
How is the retromandibular vein formed ?
by the union of the superficial temporal and maxillary veins
88
Where does the retromandibular vein bifurcate ?
ramus of the mandible | divides into ant division / post division
89
What unites to form the int jugular ?
ant divison of RM | Facial
90
What unites to form the ext.jugular ?
posterior auricular and post division of RM
91
What are the attachments of Buccinator ?
1st maxillary molar to lateral pterygoid plate and palatine bone Short ligament from palatine bone to tip of hamulus The pterygomandibular raphe from the tip of the hamulus to the retromolar fossa From the retromolar fossa along the oblique line and the alveolar process to the first mandibular molar
92
What is the innervation of buccinator ?
facial nerve - buccal branch
93
What is the action of buccinator ?
compresses the cheeks keeping them taught | keeps food on occlusal surfaces
94
Where are the terminal branches of the external carotid arteries given off ?
in the parotid gland
95
What are the muscles that move the lips ?
``` orbicualris oris levator anguli oris levator labii superioris depressor anguli oris depressor labii inferioris levator labii superioris alaeque nasi zygomaticus major zygomaticus minor risorius menalis buccinator ```
96
What is the inenrvation or orbicualris oris ?
zygomatic branch of the facial
97
What is the parotiud gland wrapped in ?
deep investing layer of cervical fascia | parotid capsule
98
What is the significance of the parotid duct piercing buccinator in an S shape ?
when buccinator contracts to chew | the duct closes so food doesnt enter it
99
What is the parotid gland innervated by ?
glossopharyngeal nerve
100
What is deep to the parotid gland ?
sternocleidomastoid | posterior belly of digastric
101
What is anteromedial to the parotid gland ?
masseter posterior belly of digastric stylohyoid
102
What is intermediate to the parotid gland ?
styloid apparatus internal carotid internal jugular vein
103
What is within the parotid gland ?
external carotid artery retromandibular vein facial nerve

BDS Stage 1 (39 decks)

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