Neuromuscular Review Questions #1 Flashcards by Madelynn Kahl

According to the ASIA classification of spinal cord injury, what are the key muscles for the C5 level?

elbow flexors
wrist extensors
elbow extensors
finger flexors

elbow flexors

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

According to the ASIA classification of spinal cord injury, what are the key muscles for the C6 level?

elbow flexors
wrist extensors
elbow extensors
finger flexors

wrist extensors

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

According to the American Spinal Injury Association (ASIA) Classification of Spinal Cord Injury, what spinal segment is being tested by rubbing a cotton ball on the medial side of the elbow?

T2
T1
C8
C7

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

According to the ASIA classification of spinal cord injury, what are the key muscles for the L5 level?

hip flexors
knee extensors
ankle dorsiflexors
great toe extensors

great toe extensors

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

According to the ASIA classification of SCI, what spinal segment is tested by rubbing a cotton ball on the medial femoral condyle

S1
L5
L4
L3

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

According to the American Spinal Injury Association (ASIA) classification of spinal cord injury, the most caudal level with normal motor and sensory function on both sides of the body describes the:

zone of partial preservation
sensory level
neurological level
motor level

neurological level

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

A spinal cord injury that presents with no sensory or motor function found in sacral segments S4-S5 is classified as:

A
B
C
D

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

A spinal cord injury in which motor function is preserved and less than half of key muscle functions below the neurologic level have a muscle grade ≥ 3.

A
B
C
D

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

How is the T1 myotome best assessed according to the ASIA Impairment Scale?

resist little finger adduction
resist little finger abduction
resist finger flexors
resist finger extensors

resist little finger abduction

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Which of the following describes a patient classified at level E on the ASIA Impairment Scale?

no motor or sensory function
sensory, but no motor function
motor, but no sensory function
normal motor and sensory function

normal motor and sensory function

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

The Berg Balance Scale is scored using a:

three-point scale
four-point scale
five-point scale
six-point scale

Five point scale

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

How many functional tasks are included in the Berg Balance Scale?

6
7
12
14

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

When assessing balance, somatosensory input is most responsive to changes in:

eye orientation
head position
muscle length
surface contact

surface contact

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What postural strategy would most likely be employed following an unexpected and dramatic change in balance?

ankle strategy
hip strategy
suspensory strategy
stepping strategy

stepping strategy

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Which balance grade would be most appropriate for a patient that is able to maintain balance without support, but cannot maintain balance while weight shifting?

zero
poor
fair
good

fair

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Which of the following balance reflexes attempts to support gaze stabilization by ensuring that the retina creates a stable image during head movement?

optical righting reflex
vestibuloocular reflex
vestibulospinal reflex
Landau reflex

Vestibuloocular reflex

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What duration of time on a timed up and go (TUG) test does the patient become a high fall risk?

greater than 20 seconds
greater than 25 seconds
greater than 30 seconds
greater than 35 seconds

greater than 30 seconds

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What is the maximum score for the Fugl-Meyer sensorimotor assessment of balance performance battery?

14
16
18
20

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

An individual who exhibits the ability to maintain stability and orientation with the center of mass over the base of support without movement would be demonstrating:

suspensory postural strategy
postural orientation
dynamic postural control
postural stability control

Postural stability control

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What sign would be most indicative of a positive Romberg test?

sustained dizziness with static positioning
increased postural sway with static positioning
sustained dizziness during dynamic activity
increased postural sway during dynamic activity

increased postural sway with static positioning

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

In standing, which muscle group would initially respond to a small anterior perturbation?

dorsiflexors
plantar flexors
hip flexors
hip extensors

plantar flexors

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Which balance system is being primarily challenged if a patient is standing on a foam surface in single leg stance while holding onto the therapist for external support?

visual
somatosensory
vestibular
cortical

somatosensory

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Which of the following tests assesses balance in standing with the feet positioned heel-to-toe with the eyes closed for one minute?

Tinetti Performance Oriented Mobility Test
Romberg test
Sharpened Romberg test
functional reach test

sharpened romberg test

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Which of the following automatic postural strategies is not considered a compensatory balance strategy?

ankle strategy
stepping strategy
hip strategy
knee strategy

knee strategy

Which form of balance stability is used initially to control small amounts of body sway? hip strategy stepping strategy ankle strategy knee strategy

ankle strategy

Which of the following conditions results in the greatest amount of postural sway in quiet stance? absent visual input disturbed visual input disturbed somatosensory input disturbed visual and somatosensory input

disturbed visual and somatosensory input

Anticipatory postural activity is most heavily dependent on: previous experience and learning adequate muscle strength appropriate sensory input rapid reaction time

previous experience and learning

The functional reach test is used to assess: scapular mobility balance and fall risk hip strategy in balance reactions limits of stability in the medial-lateral direction

balance and fall risk

Which of these tests is not used as a predictor of falls in the elderly due to balance problems? Timed Up and Go Test Functional Reach Test Short Physical Performance Battery Berg Balance Scale

Short Physical Performance Battery

Which of the following can best be used to assess a patient’s reactive postural control? quiet stance perturbed stance unilateral stance bilateral stance

Perturbed stance

The presence of anosmia may be caused by a lesion impacting cranial nerve: I VII IX X

What is the name of cranial nerve X? abducens facial vagus vestibulocochlear

vagus

Which cranial nerve would be assessed by asking the patient to shrug their shoulders and maintain the position against manual resistance? accessory trigeminal vagus vestibulocochlear

accessory

Homonymous hemianopsia could be associated with a lesion involving cranial nerve: II IV IX X

Which cranial nerve innervates the lateral rectus muscle of the eyeball and is tested by assessing lateral gaze? cranial nerve II cranial nerve III cranial nerve IV cranial nerve VI

cranial nerve VI

When administering the Rinne test, what is the normal expected ratio of bone conduction to air conduction? 1:1 1:2 1:3 1:4

1:2

Which of the following cranial nerves exits via the pons? trigeminal accessory optic vagus

trigeminal

Which cranial nerve is responsible for voluntary control of the muscles of facial expression? trigeminal facial accessory glossopharyngeal

facial

Which of the following cranial nerves does not have a motor function? trigeminal glossopharyngeal vagus vestibulocochlear

vestibulocochlear

Asking the patient to stick out their tongue could be used to assess the: trigeminal nerve facial nerve hypoglossal nerve vagus nerve

hypoglossal

Which of the following cranial nerves has a sensory function? cranial nerve II cranial nerve III cranial nerve IV cranial nerve VI

cranial nerve II

Bell’s palsy results from injury to which cranial nerve? cranial nerve V cranial nerve VII cranial nerve X cranial nerve XII

cranial nerve VII

Which cranial nerve innervates the sternocleidomastoid and trapezius muscles? vagus nerve abducens facial nerve spinal accessory nerve

spinal accessory nerve

Which cranial nerve conveys taste from the anterior two-thirds of the tongue? facial nerve trigeminal nerve glossopharyngeal nerve hypoglossal nerve

facial nerve

Integrity of which cranial nerve would be best assessed with a Snellen chart? cranial nerve I cranial nerve II cranial nerve III cranial nerve IV

cranial nerve II

Which nerve is commonly affected when a patient presents with nystagmus? cranial nerve IV cranial nerve V cranial nerve VII cranial nerve VIII

VIII

Which nerve is tested with the gag reflex? hypoglossal facial glossopharyngeal abducens

glossopharyngeal

Which of the following cranial nerves does not transmit taste information? facial trigeminal vagus glossopharyngeal

trigeminal

Which of the following methods would be the most appropriate to assess the integrity of cranial nerve I? identification of a strong or familiar odor administration of the consensual light reflex performing a visual field test application of light touch to the face

identification of a strong or familiar odor

Speech interruption caused by difficulty finding words is characteristic of which type of aphasia? dysarthria Broca’s aphasia conduction aphasia Wernicke’s aphasia

conduction

The inability to read or comprehend written language is known as: agraphia alexia apraxia astereognosis

alexia

Which term is most consistent with Wernicke’s aphasia? receptive expressive non-fluent global

receptive

Which of the following is an area in the left cerebral hemisphere that serves as the motor area for speech? Broca’s area Wernicke’s area premotor area pre-frontal area

broca's area

Which of the following speech disorders is characterized by changes in vocal quality such as harshness, hoarseness or breathiness? dysarthria dyspraxia dysphagia dysphonia

dysphonia

Which of the following best describes dysarthria? inability to articulate inability to write words inability to comprehend words inability to say the alphabet backwards

articulate

Aphasia is likely to result from a stroke involving the: posterior cerebral artery left hemisphere right hemisphere anterior cerebral artery

left side

A patient who has suffered a cerebrovascular accident and is unable to articulate and comprehend speech is suffering from: conduction aphasia receptive aphasia expressive aphasia global aphasia

global aphasia

Which of the following treatment strategies would be least effective for patients with agraphia? co-treat with a speech-language pathologist allow the patient to write on a white board for communication use primarily tactile and visual cues use concise sentences and yes or no questions

allow the patient to write on a white board for communication Agraphia, or the inability to write, is often found in combination with various forms of aphasia.

Which term describes a person who is able to verbalize, but unable to comprehend verbal commands? expressive aphasia receptive aphasia global aphasia agraphia

receptive