Musculoskeletal: Study Set 1 - Specific Joints Flashcards
What are the osteokinematic motions of the glenohumeral joint
flexion, extension, abduction, adduction, rotation
What is the open and closed pack positions of the glenohumeral joint
open - 55 degrees abduction, 30 degrees horizontal adduction
closed - abduction and lateral rotation
What is the capsular pattern of the glenonumeral joint
A restriction of lateral rotation, abduction, or medial rotation
How many degrees of freedom does the sternoclavicular joint have
3
What are the osteokinematic motions of the SC joint
elevation, depression, protraction, retraction, rotation
What are the open and closed packed positions of the SC joint
Open - arm resting by side
closed - max shoulder elevation
What is the capsular pattern of the SC joint
pain at end ranges of movement
How many degrees of freedom does the AC joint have
3
What are the osteokinematic motions of the AC joint
anterior/posterior tilting, protraction/retraction, upward/downward rotation
what are the open and closed pack positions for the AC joint
open - arm resting by side
closed - arm abducted to 90 degrees
what is the capsular pattern of the AC joint
pain at end ranges of movement
Why is the scapulothoracic articulation not a true joint
because it lacks synovial properties
What muscles work to perform shoulder flexion - 4
anterior deltoid, coracobrachialis, clavicular head of pec major, biceps brachii
What muscles work to perform shoulder extension - 4
posterior deltoid, latissimus dorsi, teres major, triceps brachii
What muscles work to perform shoulder abduction - 2
middle deltoid, supraspinatus
What muscles work to perform shoulder adduction -3
pec major, lats, teres major
What muscles work to perform shoulder lateral rotation - 3
teres minor, infraspinatus, posterior deltoid
What muscles work to perform shoulder medial rotation - 5
lats, subscap, teres major, pec major, anterior deltoid
What muscles work to perform shoulder horizontal abduction - 3
posterior deltoid, infraspinatus, teres major
What muscles work to perform horizontal adduction - 2
pec major, anterior deltoid
What muscles work to perform scapula elevation - 2
upper trap, levator scapulae
What muscles work to perform scapula depressions - 4
lats, pec major, pec minor, lower trap
What muscles work to perform scapula protraction - 2
serratus anterior, pec major
What muscles work to perform scapula retraction - 2
rhomboids, middle trap
What muscles work to perform scapula upward rotation - 3
upper trap, lower trap, serratus anterior
What muscles work to perform scapula downward rotation - 3
rhomboids, levator, pec major
What are the osteokinematic motions of the radiohumeral joint
flexion, extension, pronation, supination
What are the open and closed pack position of the radiohumeral joint
open - full extension and supination
closed - 90 degrees flexion, 5 degrees supination
What is the capsular pattern of the radiohumeral joint
restriction in any of the osteokinematic motions
What are the osteokinematic motions of the ulnohumeral joint
flexion and extension
what are the open and closed pack positions of the unohumeral joint
open - 70 degrees flexion with 10 degrees supination
closed - extension
what is the capsular pattern of the unohumeral joint
restriction in its osteokinematic motions
What is the osteokinematic motion of the radioulnar joint
supination, pronation
what are the open and closed packed positions of the radioulnar joint
open - 70 elbow flexion, 35 supination
closed - 5 degrees supination
what is the capsular pattern of the radioulnar joint
restriction in its osteokinematic motions
What muscles work to perform elbow flexion
biceps brachii, brachialis, brachioradialis
What muscles work to perform elbow extension
triceps brachii, anconeus
What muscles work to perform forearm supination
biceps brachii, supinator
What muscles work to perform forearm pronation
pronator quadratus, pronator teres
what are the osteokinematic motions of the radiocarpal joint
flexion, extension, radial and ulnar deviation
what are the open and loose pack positions of the radiocarpal joint
open - neutral with slight ulnar deviation
closed - extension with slight radial deviation
Which nerve is compressed with carpal tunnel
median nerve
what is the capsular pattern of the radiocarpal joint
extension and flexion are equally restricted
What structure do the hypothenar and thenar muscles attach to
flexor retinaculum
What is the tunnel of Guyon
A space in the wrist that the ulnar nerve and artery as they enter the hand.
what are the osteokinematic motions of the radiocarpal joint
flexion, extension, radial and ulnar deviation
what are the open and loose pack positions of the radiocarpal joint
open - neutral with slight ulnar deviation
closed - extension with slight radial deviation
what is the capsular pattern of the radiocarpal joint
extension and flexion are equally restricted
Which nerve is compressed with carpal tunnel
median nerve
What structure do the hypothenar and thenar muscles attach to
flexor retinaculum
What is the tunnel of Guyon
A space in the wrist that the ulnar nerve and artery as they enter the hand.
What are the osteokinematic motions of the iliofemoral joint
flexion, extension, adduction, abduction, medial and lateral rotation
what are the open and closed pack positions of the iliofemoral joint
open - slight abduction, flexion, and lateral rotation
closed - full extension and medial rotation
What muscles work to perform hip flexion - 4
iliopsoas, sartoruis, rectus femoris, pectineus
What muscles work to perform hip extension - 5
glue max, glute med, semitendinosus, semimembranosus, biceps femoris,
What muscles work to perform hip abduction -5
glute med, glute min, piriformis, obturator internus, TFL
What muscles work to perform hip adduction -4
What muscles work to perform medial rotation - 5
TFL, glute med, glute min, pectineus, adductor longus
What muscles work to perform lateral rotation - 6
glute max, obturator externus, obturator internus,
What is the MOI of a ruptured ACL
non-contact twisting that may be associated with hyperextension or a varus/valgus stress test.
or
tibia moving anteriorly on femur, or femur moving posteriorly on tibia
What is the MOI of a ruptured PCL
The superior portion of the knee is struck while the knee is flexed - common in car accidents from knees hitting the glove box/dashboard
or
tibia moving posterior on femur/femur moving anteriorly on tibia
What is the MOI of a ruptured MCL
valgus stress force without rotation, often ACL or medial meniscus injuries occur with it
What is the MOI of a ruptured LCL
varus stress force without rotation, rarely torn in isolation
What are the two joints of the knee
the tibiofemoral and patellofemoral joint
what are the osteokinematic motions of the tibiofemoral joint
flexion/extension, medial and lateral rotation
Of the patellofemoral joint, the patella is (convex/concave) and the trochlear groove of the femur is (convex/concave)
convex patella sits in the concave trochlear groove of femur
what are the open and loose packed positions of the tibiofemoral joint
open - 25 degrees of flexion
closed - full extension and lateral rotation of the tibia
What muscles work to perform knee flexion - 4
biceps femoris, sartorius, semitendinosus, semimembranosus
What muscles work to perform knee extension - 4
rectus femoris, vastus lateralis, vastus medialis, vastus intermedius
What three muscles attaches at the pes anserine
gracilis, semitendinosus, and a sartorius
where is the pes anserine located
medial and distal to the tibial tuberosity
What are the major articulations in the foot and ankle
distal tibiofibular joint, talocrural joint, subtalar joint, midtarsal joint
what are the osteokinematic motions of the talocrural joint
dorsiflexion and plantar flexion
what are the open and closed pack positions for the talocrural joint
open - 10 degrees plantar flexion
closed - maximum dorsiflexion
what are the osteokinematic motions of the subtalar joint
inversion and eversion
what are the open and loose packed positions of the subtalar joint
open - midway between extreme ranges of movement
closed - supination
what are the osteokinematic motions of the subtalar joint
inversion and eversion
What muscles work to perform dorsiflexion - 4
tibialis anterior, extensor hallucis longus, extensor digitorum longus, peroneus tertius
What muscles work to perform plantarflexion - 7
gastroc, soleus, plantaris, tibialis posterior, peroneus longus and brevis, flexor hallucis
What muscles work to perform inversion - 3
tibialis anterior and posterior, flexor digitorum longus
What muscles work to perform eversion - 3
peroneus longus and brevis, peroneus tertius
what muscles work to perform thoracolumbar flexion - 3
rectus abdominis, internal oblique, external oblique
what muscles work to perform thoracolumbar extension -3
erector spinae, quadratus lumborum, multifidus
what nerve roots do the brachial plexus arise from
C5 - T1
what are the two components that make up a vertebral disc
outer annulus fibrosus and the inner nucleus pulposus
when the spine is extended the (anterior/posterior) portion of an intervertebral disc is compressed.
posterior
What happens to the intervertebral foramina when the spine is in flexion or side bending
what happens when the spine is extended
the foramina get bigger with flexion and contralateral side bending, but decrease with extension and ipsilateral side bending.
when the spine is flexed, the (anterior/posterior) portion of an intervertebral disc is compressed.
anterior
what motions does the ligamentum flavum restrict
flexion and rotation of the spine
what muscles work to perform thoracolumbar rotation and lateral bending -8
psoas major, quadratus lumborum, external oblique, internal oblique, multifidus, longissimus thoracis, iliocoastalis thoracis, rotatores
what are the osteokinematic motions of the cervical spine
flexion, extension, lateral flexion, rotation
what are the open and closed pack positions of the cervical spine
open - neutral
closed - extension
what is the capsular pattern of the cervical spine
lateral flexion and rotation equally limited
what are the osteokinematic motions of the thoracolumbar spine
flexion, extension, lateral flexion, and rotation
what are the open and closed pack positions of the thoracolumbar spine
open - neutral
closed - extension
what is the capsular pattern of the thoracolumbar spine
lateral flexion and rotation equally limited
what nerve roots form the lumbar plexus
T12 - L4
