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NPTE Exam > Musculoskeletal: Study Set 4 > Flashcards

Musculoskeletal: Study Set 4 Flashcards

1
Q

What are the three main energy systems
Hint: They start with the letter A

A
  1. ATP or phosphagen system
  2. Anaerobic Glycosis or lactid acid
  3. Aerobic or Oxygen system
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2
Q

Which energy system is used for high intensity, short duration exercise
1. ATP or phosphagen system
2. Anaerobic Glycosis or lactid acid
3. Aerobic or Oxygen system

A

ATP AND anaerobic glycosis

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3
Q

Which energy system would be used if you were to sprint 100 meters
1. ATP or phosphagen system
2. Anaerobic Glycosis or lactid acid
3. Aerobic or Oxygen system

A

ATP

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4
Q

The ATP energy system provides energy for muscle contraction for up to ____ seconds

A

15 seconds

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5
Q

True or False:

The ATP energy system does not depend on oxygen that we breathe to transport to working muscles

A

true

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6
Q

Where are ATP and PC stored?

A

directly within the contractile mechanisms of the muscle

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7
Q

Which energy system would be used if you were to sprint 400 or 800 meters
1. ATP or phosphagen system
2. Anaerobic Glycosis or lactid acid
3. Aerobic or Oxygen system

A
  1. anaerobic or lactic acid`
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8
Q

The anaerobic glycolysis/lactic acid energy system provides energy for muscle contraction for _____ seconds

A

30-40 seconds

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9
Q

Which energy system is used for low intensity, long duration exercise
1. ATP or phosphagen system
2. Anaerobic Glycosis or lactid acid
3. Aerobic or Oxygen system

A
  1. aerobic or oxygen system
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10
Q

Which energy system would be used if you were to run a marathon
1. ATP or phosphagen system
2. Anaerobic Glycosis or lactid acid
3. Aerobic or Oxygen system

A
  1. Aerobic or oxygen system
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11
Q

What is the location, distribution, and sensitivity of free ending joint receptors

A

location- joint capsule, ligaments, synovium, and fat pads
sensitivity - noxious and non-noxious stimuli
distribution - all joints

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12
Q

What is the location, distribution, and sensitivity of golgi ligament ending joint receptors

A

location - ligaments
sensitivity - stretch/tension on ligaments
distribution - majority of joints

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13
Q

What is the location, distribution, and sensitivity of golgi-mazzoni corpuscles joint receptors

A

location - joint capsule
sensitivity - compression of joint capsule
primary distribution - knee joint, joint capsule

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14
Q

What is the location, distribution, and sensitivity of Pacinian corpuscles joint receptors

A

location - fibrous layer of joint capsule
sensitivity - high frequency vibration, acceleration/deceleration

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15
Q

What is the location, distribution, and sensitivity of Ruffini endings joint receptors

A

location - fibrous layer of joint capsule
sensitivity - stretching of joint capsule, amplitude and velocity of joint position
distribution - proximal joints

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16
Q

(Muscles spindles/golgi tendon organ) are distributed throughout the belly of the muscle

A

muscle spindle

17
Q

(Muscles spindles/golgi tendon organ) function to send information to the nervous system regarding muscle length and the rate of which the length is changing

A

muscle spindle

18
Q

(Muscles spindles/golgi tendon organ) play a role in involuntary movement

A

muscle spindle

19
Q

(Muscles spindles/golgi tendon organ) are distributed throughout sensory receptors in muscle tendons

A

golgi tendon organ

20
Q

(Muscles spindles/golgi tendon organ) function to send information to the nervous system regarding tension within a muscle

A

golgi tension organ

21
Q

(Muscles spindles/golgi tendon organ) play a role in voluntary movement

A

golgi tendon

22
Q

What is the action of Disease-modifying Antirheumatic Agents/Medications

A

They slow or halt the progression of rheumatic disease, typically early in the disease process to slow the progression prior to widespread damage of the joints

23
Q

What is the indication of using Disease-modifying Antirheumatic Agents/Medications

A

rheumatic disease, preferably during early stages

24
Q

What are the side effects and implications for PT of using Disease-modifying Antirheumatic Agents/Medications

A

nausea, headache, swelling, toxicity, sepsis, retinal damage
PT - be able to recognize high levels of toxicity

25
Q

What is the action of Glucocorticoid/Corticosteroid medications

A

They provide hormonal, anti-inflammatory, and metabolic effects with systemic diseases

26
Q

What is the indication of using Glucocorticoid/Corticosteroid medications

A

replacement therapy, anti-inflammatory, and immunosuppressants.
Used to treat rheumatic and respiratory conditions

27
Q

What are the side effects and implications for PT of using Glucocorticoid/Corticosteroid medications

A

muscle atrophy, weakening of supporting tissue, mood changes
PT - should wear a mask due to weakened immune system

28
Q

What is the action of Nonopioid agents/medications

A

Provides analgesia and pain relief as well as anti-inflammatory and anti-pyretic/fever relief

29
Q

What is the indication of using Nonopioid medications

A

mild to moderate pain relief, muscle ache, reduction of myocardial infarction with aspirin only

30
Q

What are the side effects and implications for PT of using Nonopioid medications

A

n/v/abdominal distress, vertigo
PT- Pain may be masked which would push the patient beyond limits

31
Q

What is the action and indication of using Opioid agents/medications

A

Provide analgesia for severe pain or induction of conscious sedation prior to a diagnostic procedure

32
Q

What are the side effects and implications for PT of using Opioid medications

A

mood swings, confusion, vertigo, constipation, tolerance, physical dependence
PT - monitor for signs of respiratory distress, schedule painful treatments for two hours after medication is consumed

33
Q

What is considered good posture of the toes and feet

A

Toes - Straight forward in line with the foot. Not curled or bent or squeezed together or overlapped.

Feet - Arch in the shape of a half dome, toes slightly outward. Feet are parallel.
Walking - feet parallel with weight transferred from heel along the outer border to the ball of the foot
Running - Toe in slightly with weight on balls and toes of feet; heel to not come in contact with the ground

34
Q

What is considered good posture of the knees and legs

A

Legs are straight up and down with patella straight ahead. Knees neither flexed or hyperextended

35
Q

What is considered good posture of the hips, pelvis, and spine when viewing from the back

A

Equal weight bearing through both sides, level hips, no curve in the spine

36
Q

What is considered good posture of the hips, pelvis, and spine when viewing from the side

A

The front of the thigh is aligned with the pelvis. The spine shows four natural curves where cervical and lumbar are concave and thoracic and sacral curves are convex

37
Q

What is considered good posture of the abdomen, chest, and head

A

Abdomen - Abdomen should be flat, but in children under ten it will slightly protrude
Chest - Slightly up and forward
Head - Erect position with good balance

38
Q

What is considered good posture of the arms and shoulders

A

Arms - Relaxed at sides with palms facing body. Elbows slightly bent, forearms slightly forward
Shoulders - Level. Shoulder blades lie flat against the rib cage and sit 4 inches apart from each other

39
Q

The plumb line’s ideal positioning is

_________ to the coronal suture
_________ the external auditory meatus
_________ the axis of the odontoid process
_________ the tip of the shoulder
_________ the bodies of the lumbar vertebrae
_________ to the hip joint
_________ to the axis of the knee joint
_________ to the lateral malleolus
_________ the calcaneocuboid joint

A

slightly posterior to the coronal
through the external auditory meatus
through the axis of the odontoid process
midway through the tip of the shoulder
through the bodies of the lumbar vertebrae
slightly posterior to the hip joint
slightly anterior to the axis of the knee joint
slightly anterior to the lateral malleolus
through the calcaneocuboid joint

NPTE Exam (54 decks)

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