Musculoskeletal: Study Set 5 Flashcards
1
Q
What is the average adult ROM for shoulder flexion
A
0-180
2
Q
What is the average adult ROM for shoulder extension
A
0-60
3
Q
What is the average adult ROM for shoulder abduction
A
0-180
4
Q
What is the average adult ROM for shoulder medial/internal rotation
A
0-70
5
Q
What is the average adult ROM for shoulder lateral/external rotation
A
0-90
6
Q
What is the average adult ROM for elbow extension
A
0
7
Q
What is the average adult ROM for elbow flexion
A
0-150
8
Q
What is the average adult ROM for forearm supination
A
0-80
9
Q
What is the average adult ROM for forearm pronation
A
0-80
10
Q
What is the average adult ROM for wrist flexion
A
0-80
11
Q
What is the average adult ROM for wrist extension
A
0-70
12
Q
What is the average adult ROM for radial deviation
A
0-20
13
Q
What is the average adult ROM for ulnar deviation
A
0-30
14
Q
What is the average adult ROM for thumb carpometacarpal abduction
A
0-70
15
Q
What is the average adult ROM for carpometacarpal flexion
A
0-15
16
Q
What is the average adult ROM for thumb carpometacarpal extension
A
0-20
17
Q
What is the average adult ROM for thumb carpometacarpal opposition
A
Tip of thumb to base of fifth digit
18
Q
What is the average adult ROM for thumb metacarpophalangeal flexion
A
0-50
19
Q
What is the average adult ROM for thumb interphalangeal flexion
A
0-80
20
Q
What is the average adult ROM for digit metacarpophalangeal flexion
A
0-90
21
Q
What is the average adult ROM for digit metacarpophalangeal hyperextension
A
0-45
22
Q
What is the average adult ROM for digit proximal interphalangeal flexion
A
0-100
23
Q
What is the average adult ROM for digit distal interphalangeal flexion
A
0-90
24
Q
What is the average adult ROM for digit distal interphalangeal hyperextension
A
0-10
25
What is the average adult ROM for hip flexion
0-120
26
What is the average adult ROM for hip extension
0-30
27
What is the average adult ROM for hip abduction
0-45
28
What is the average adult ROM for hip adduction
0-30
29
What is the average adult ROM for hip medial/internal rotation
0-45
30
What is the average adult ROM for hip lateral/external rotation
0-45
31
What is the average adult ROM for knee flexion
0-135
32
What is the average adult ROM for talocrural DF
0-20
33
What is the average adult ROM for talocrural PF
0-50
34
What is the average adult ROM for midtarsal/transverse tarsal inversion
0-35
35
What is the average adult ROM for midtarsal/transverse tarsal eversion
0-15
36
What is the average adult ROM for subtalar inversion
0-5
37
What is the average adult ROM for subtalar eversion
0-5
38
What is the average adult ROM for cervical spine flexion
0-45
39
What is the average adult ROM for cervical spine extension
0-45
40
What is the average adult ROM for cervical spine lateral flexion
0-45
41
What is the average adult ROM for cervical spine rotation
60
42
What is the average adult ROM for thoracic and lumbar spine flexion
0-80
43
What is the average adult ROM for thoracic and lumbar spine extension
0-25
44
What is the average adult ROM for thoracic and lumbar spine lateral flexion
0-35
45
What is the average adult ROM for thoracic and lumbar spine rotation
0-45
46
Placing the goniometer axis lateral to the ulnar styloid process would be most appropriate to measure which movement?
elbow flexion
forearm pronation
wrist extension
wrist flexion pronation
pronation
47
How much extension of the first metatarsophalangeal joint would be necessary for a patient to stand on tiptoe?
10 degrees
30 degrees
40 degrees
55 degrees
55
48
What percentage of shoulder complex abduction occurs at the scapulothoracic articulation?
20 percent
33 percent
67 percent
80 percent
33
49
When assessing a patient’s ability to open their mouth fully, what distance between the top and bottom rows of teeth is considered functional?
10 millimeters
15 millimeters
20 millimeters
25 millimeters
25
50
Which value is most representative of normal depression of the mandible?
20 millimeters
40 millimeters
60 millimeters
80 millimeters
40
Normal is between 35-55
51
What bone when fractured is often associated with the use of skeletal traction?
femur
humerus
tibia
fibula
femur
52
Which term is most consistent with a mid-radius fracture that is in several different pieces?
Salter-Harris fracture
segmented fracture
Jones fracture
comminuted fracture
Comminuted fracture
53
What type of fracture is commonly found in children
greenstick
54
Which term refers to abnormal healing of a bone fracture resulting in a fibrous union or pseudarthrosis?
delayed union
malunion
nonunion
cancellous
nonunion
55
A Jones fracture is associated with injury to which structure?
The base/tuberosity of the fifth metatarsal typically as a result an adduction force to the forefoot with the ankle in PF
56
Which of the following terms describes a muscle that stabilizes the origin of a prime mover at one joint to increase the effectiveness of another muscle at another joint?
synergist
fixator
antagonist
agonist
fixator
57
What is the correct sequence of joint type from least to most mobile?
synarthrosis, diarthrosis, amphiarthrosis
synarthrosis, amphiarthrosis, diarthrosis
diarthrosis, amphiarthrosis, synarthrosis
diarthrosis, synarthrosis, amphiarthrosis
Synarthrosis, amphiarthrosis, diarthrosis
Synarthrosis joints don't move
Amphiarthrosis joints slightly move
Diarthrosis joints move
58
When is ROM activities contraindicated
When motion is detrimental to the healing of tissues
59
_____ is movement that is produced by an external force without muscular activation from the patient.
PROM
60
What is the term for when movement is gone beyond end range
stretching
61
____ is movement that is produced by the patient through active muscular contraction with some assistance from an external force
AAROM
62
____ is movement that is produced by the patient through active muscular contraction without any external assistance
AROM
63
What are the indications and contradictions for stretching
Indications: Decreased joint ROM or decreased flexibility
Contraindications: Acute inflammation, soft tissue healing repair/tendon repair, recent fracture, hypermobility
64
The ability of soft tissue to return to its previous length after a stretch is no longer applied
elasticity
viscoelasticity
plasticity
stress-strain curve
creep
stress-relaxation
elasticity
65
A time dependent property of soft tissue that results in resistance to stretch when it is initially applied, but allows for tissue elongation as the stretch is held for longer durations
elasticity
viscoelasticity
plasticity
stress-strain curve
creep
stress-relaxation
viscoelasticity
66
A property of soft tissue that allows for tissue elongation even after a stretch is no longer applied
elasticity
viscoelasticity
plasticity
stress-strain curve
creep
stress-relaxation
plasticity
67
A graphic representation that depicts the relationship between the amount of force/stress applied to connective tissue and the amount of deformation/strain it experiences
elasticity
viscoelasticity
plasticity
stress-strain curve
creep
stress-relaxation
stress strain curve
68
Due to viscoelastic property, soft tissue that is stretched for a sustained duration will elongate and not return to its original length after load has been removed
elasticity
viscoelasticity
plasticity
stress-strain curve
creep
stress-relaxation
creep
69
The longer a stretching force is maintained, the more the tension within the tissue decreases, therefor less force is required to maintain the same tissue length
elasticity
viscoelasticity
plasticity
stress-strain curve
creep
stress-relaxation
stress-relaxation
70
What are the different methods of stretching
static
ballistic
PNF
dynamic
71
Which method of stretching involves low intensity and long duration
static
72
Which method of stretching is considered to be the safest and result in the greatest gains in tissue extensibility
static
73
Which method of stretching involves high intensity and low duration
ballistic
74
Type of exercises indicated for degenerative spondylolisthesis (flexion or extension)
Flexion
Exercises that provide core stabilization and increase flexibility should be included in the patient’s program. Repetitive or end-range lumbar extension should be avoided with spondylolisthesis due to the risk of exacerbating the condition as this position causes the vertebrae to approximate thereby placing more pressure on the nerve roots.
75
Which muscle is primarily responsible for a SLR while the patient is laying supine
biceps femoris
rectus femoris
sartorius
vastus medialis
rectus femoris
76
What muscles are emphasized in a standing row exercise with the arms parallel with the floor using a cable system?
anterior deltoid and pectoralis major
infraspinatus and teres minor
middle trapezius and rhomboids
upper trapezius and latissimus dorsi
Middle trapezius and rhomboids
77
At what angle of knee flexion is the quadriceps femoris capable of producing a maximum force contraction?
15 degrees
45 degrees
90 degrees
135 degrees
45
78
New bone formation in response to resistance training occurs primarily in which area of the bone?
periosteum
endosteum
epiphysis
diaphysis
periosteum
79
Which of the following activities is most likely to increase an individual’s bone mineral density at the hips and spine?
baseball
swimming
gymnastics
golf
gymnastics
